The Pros And Cons Of Community Violence

In 1998, among youth ages 10 to 19 in the United States, there were 2,601

Scholars and practitioners often times refer countless other youths, who are indirectly affected by gun violence as the "survivors" of such violence. Such survivors are witnesses to indirect gun violence either at their schools, homes, communities or media (Garbarino et. al., 2002; Wilkinson, McBryde, Williams, Bloom, & Bell, 2009)). Myriad of research done by public health researchers, psychologists, criminologists, sociologists, and legal scholars demonstrates that firearm related violence could affect youth, families and communities psychologically, economically and socially (Sheley, Wright, & Wright,1998).. Firearm related violence is both a public health and criminal justice issue. For this reason, prevention strategies geared toward reducing

Buckner, J.C., Beardslee, W.R., & Bassuk, E.L. (2004). Exposure to violence and low-income children’s mental health: Direct, moderated and mediated relations. American Journal of Orthopsychiatry, 74, 413.

The starting point of violence takes place in communities and at home--not at school. Youth take what they hear and see at home and in their communities to school. The environment in some communities and households are positive and the presences of protective factors outweigh the high risk factors. However, there are communities and households where there is a lack of informal social control and high risk factors exist more than protective factors--, which affect youth in a negative manner.

Topic #3 Thesis Statement: In the book The Ragged Company by Richard Wagamese, Amelia One-Sky’s life was ultimately shaped through the entanglements of discrimination of the aboriginal people and poor childhood development which lead her to a life of homelessness. Introduction: With the economic and social deprivation of substandard housing (p.149) One For The Dead had lost her parents at a very young age, this then leads her and her brothers to residential schools where she loses her younger brother, Harley. The mingling of events eventually pulls Amelia One Sky and the rest of her brothers into socially inflicted traumas of residential schools, causing her to hear “Voices of the dead” (p.12) and her brothers rebelling with “rage and resentment”

Adolescent violence has turned into an expanding issue in the U.S. youth violence and young people raised in the 1990s and has stayed high. Youth are the in all probability gathering to be casualties or culprits of high school violence, however the after effects of teenager violence influence everybody. Youth brutality insights demonstrate this is a significant issue: A normal of 15 youngsters are killed every day in the U.S., and more than 80 percent of those are killed with firearms (Khey, 2008). In 2004, brutality insights report 750,000 youngsters were dealt with in doctor 's facilities for roughness related wounds (Khey, 2008). One third of secondary school understudies reported being included in a battle at school in 2004, and 17 percent reported conveying a weapon to class in the month going before the 2004 overview (Khey, 2008). 1 in 12 young people in secondary school are harmed or undermined with a weapon every year (School Violence in America, 2015). 30 percent of junior and senior secondary school understudies are included in tormenting every year as the casualty, spook, or both (School Violence in America, 2015). According to a savagery measurements report by the U.S. Mystery Service, in the earlier decade, the chances of a secondary school understudy being harmed or debilitated with a weapon were around 1 in 14, and the chances of an adolescent being in a physical battle were 1 in 7 (Hiscock, 1926). Youth roughness can influence anybody, however a few

Racism and violence prevail in many communities. As racism and violence are still and issue today, many high school teens are victims of such a harsh reality. The article, "Victims of Crime," describes that:

Part biography, part social view, a very thoughtful look into inner-city violence and the rules surrounding it. This book describes how his personal history with violence influenced his work with youth and the programs that he has started to support youth. Geoffrey Canada describes the progression of violence that had happened in his lifetime. He also points out that there is a disturbing difference between what the streets were like in the 1960s compared to those of today.

Many individuals believe that group brutality just happens in posses and internal urban areas. Without a doubt individuals who are poor, non-White, and living in swarmed inward city territories manage a great deal of brutality. Group brutality likewise happens, however, in White, working class zones, both rural and country. A wide range of youth, are at danger for group brutality. More than 33% of young ladies and young men the nation over ages 10 to 16 years are casualties of direct savagery. Direct savagery incorporates endeavored abducting, physical and rape. Significantly more youngsters have confronted circuitous group viciousness. That is, they have seen brutality or they know a casualty of group savagery. On the other hand, there are variables that add to a child's danger for coming into contact with group

Moreover, in this study Voisin, Bird, Hardestry, & Shiu noticed that community violence exposure among urban youth has caused them psychological distress, anxiety, depression, aggression, low academic functioning, and delinquency (Voisin, Bird, Hardestry, & Shiu, 2011). The researchers used a grounded theory approach that helped them understand how African American youth live in a high-violence Chicago neighborhood (Voisin, Bird, Hardestry, & Shiu, 2011). The methodology used by these researchers included 16 boys and 16 girls which are equal to 32 participants (Voisin, Bird, Hardestry, & Shiu, 2011). They found out that participants were exposed to community violence by either hearing about it, witnessing it, or as direct victim (Voisin, Bird,

According to researchers Shapiro, Dorman, Welker and Clough (1998), gun violence is damaging the quality of life for urban youth and forty percent of adolescents stated that the fear of violence is affecting their daily lives because they do not trust people. The design of this study is cross-sectional, it is designed to connect violence-related exposures, attitudes, and behavior that contribute to the youth feelings and attitudes toward gun violence (Shapiro, Dorman, Welker and Clough, 1998). This study examines two types of gun exposure, which are traumatic exposure to gun violence and nontraumatic exposure to gun violence (Shapiro, Dorman, Welker and Clough, 1998). The sample included 1,619 youth from grades third to twelfth and the ages was from eight to eighteen (Shapiro, Dorman, Welker and Clough, 1998).

He interviewed 20 boys per area and for every 80 percent, he also interviewed a parent or primary caretaker. Harding explains his focus on boys because of their greater involvement and exposure to street violence and to allow a gender match between subject and interviewer. To understand the boys' neighborhoods, the interviews investigated how the subjects conceptualize their neighborhoods as not only geographic but as social spaces. The differentiation of the three neighborhoods is a key aspect of his study's design. Asking similar questions and discussing the same topics with the individuals in different neighborhoods revealed significant differences in the daily lives of adolescent boys across the neighborhoods. It was only through these comparisons that Harding’s findings about the differences in experiences of violence, threats of victimization, and the role of older males in social settings was discovered. According to Harding (2009), among the adolescent boys of Franklin and Roxbury Crossing, neighborhood violence is simultaneously structured by neighborhood identities. Nearly all of the subjects in these poor, violent areas use neighborhoods as categories to distinguish insiders from outsiders. “In Franklin and Roxbury Crossing, 32 of 40 boys (80 percent) reported that more than half of their friends live in their immediate neighborhoods, and 22 of the boys (55 percent) had no friends from outside their neighborhoods. Only three of 40 boys reported no neighborhood friends. In Lower Mills, 13 of 20 boys (65 percent) reported that more than half of their friends live in their neighborhoods, and seven of the boys (35 percent) had no friends outside the neighborhood. Four of 20 Lower Mills boys reported no neighborhood friends” (Harding, 2009, Page

The relevant variables are clearly defined, because the article specifies where these adolescences grew up, they were all from New York City. The type of violence that the adolescent had witnessed is also clearly stated: “it includes the degree to which an individual has been chased, threatened, slapped, mugged, stabbed, shot, or had something taken from him or her by force or threat, as well as the degree to which the respondent directly observed another individual being chased, arrested, threatened, mugged, slapped, wounded, stabbed, shot or killed, or observed someone with a gun or saw someone dead; and the respondent was asked to report his or her level of exposure during the past 3 years” (Wilson, 2007, p.99). It is clearly laid out what is considered to be a type of community violence. The last part of the study and most important the dependent variables was also clearly defined: “a

Statistics indicate many aggressors at some point or another have witnessed acts of violence. During childhood, these observed behaviors can have a major impact and influence on adolescent and adult attitudes, perception of self and others. "Children become more susceptible and prone to negative and dangerous behaviors which can

My Dad and Mom had lived in Little Village for most of their lives. They have been shot at countless of times and have been threatened. My dad has lived around gang members is whole entire life, even to this day. When my dad was a teenager, he would have to run away from gang members since they’ll try to jump him. Some gang members would actually shoot at my dad for looking like a rival gang member. For my dad to defend himself against the gang members, he’ll need to bring his brothers and his brother's friends involved. My dad has been asked countless of times to join a gang especially since he’s related to gang members. My Dad’s nuclear family didn’t join any gangs. But my mom side is a totally different story. My uncle was a member of the Latin Kings and to this day he isn’t allowed to be around certain parts of Chicago because he’s afraid of being shot at. Everyone in my family except my grandparents on my mom side had moved out of Chicago, they all live in the suburbs now. My Dad works in CTA while my mom is a nurse for Ronald McDonald Children's Hospital. My Dad comes home with stories about being threatened and having to deal with gang members. My dad wouldn’t have to deal with that if the United States got rid of the gang activities.