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The Robots Rebellion

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Humans are constantly manipulating their environmental cues and outputting their thought processes into their daily behaviours. It is not uncommon for substantial irrationality to be present in many of these behaviours exerted into the world. Take for example the two most basic principles of decision theory, the sure thing principle and the transitivity principle. You are choosing between two possible outcomes, A and B. There is an event X that may or may not occur in the future. If you originally prefer outcome A to outcome B, then you should always prefer outcome A to B regardless of uncertainty or certainty of event X occurring. You are choosing between two outcomes. If you originally prefer option A to B and following that, B to C, then …show more content…

These systems can be labelled as the automatic (TASS) system, and the analytic system. In Keith Stanovich’s The Robots Rebellion, he delves into the underlying nature of these two systems and how they shape our instrumental reality (target knowledge). The heuristic system, also known as TASS (the autonomous set of systems), is a modular system that consists of inputs and outputs. It responds automatically to environmental stimuli. Cognitive processes in the TASS system are rapid and compulsory; responding quickly to the limited array of stimuli. As a result of this, TASS sometimes generates outputs that conflict with computations being executed by the analytic processing system. TASS cannot be inhibited by central systems; it cannot be turned off, but can be overridden by the analytic system. The analytic system is a controlled processing system that is serial based and is the focus of our awareness. It deals with conscious problem solving through analytical processing. This system has the ability to override the unconscious responses produced by the TASS …show more content…

The rule mentions what is on the back of a vowel, but not a consonant, therefor E is relevant to the rule and F is not. The rule mentions nothing about what is on the back of an even number, therefor 2 is irrelevant to the rule. However, 7 is the other correct response because there is a possibility that it has a vowel on the back, and if it did, the rule would prove to be false; to show that it is not false, the 7 card must be turned over. Davies mentions that putting this “if P, then Q” question in context is easier to test for the falsity of the rule by showing the “if P, and not Q”. This task demonstrates that even when you are given the answer in the question, the natural TASS tendency ignores this and focuses its attention on the assumption of truth and confirming the hypothesis. A task, such as this one, demands the specific attention to an array of subjects, in which some of these subjects have the property of being true or not. As a consequence of this, the natural processing biases of TASS emerge. Unless overridden by the analytic system, this demonstrates one of the cognitive biases mentioned by Davies known as confirmation bias. Confirmation bias is the act of accepting, seeking out, and remembering things that confirm and support your views. You are actively trying to show that things are false, and when you fail to do so, that proves success. Another bias that is often a product of the TASS system

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