Background: Corruption is the use of entrusted power for private gain as defined by the United
Nations Development Programme (UNDP 2008). This research studies the effects and consequences of corruption in the Nigeria health care system. Like other sectors in Nigeria, the health sector is not immune from corruption and this is because of the high demand for health care services which has enormously created opportunity for individuals in health care delivery to manipulate the system to their own advantages at the expense of the general public or consumers. The gap that this has created has made it difficult for targets and health care priorities to be met due to the administrative distance between governance and social
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Health care delivery corruption in Nigeria prevails because there is no compliance to the rule of law, the administrative system in Nigeria lacks transparency and trust, also the public sector which could have acted as a check and balance is ruled by ineffective civil service codes and weak accountability methods (Husmann, K. 2011).
Causes/Manifestations: Nigeria health system information is asymmetrical in nature and is susceptible to corruption because large numbers of care givers see this as an opportunity to create systemic hindrances and therefore discourage transparency and accountability. It was even argued that consumers not only suffer the consequences of the infected system but also help to encourage the corrupt system, it was reported that some patients believed that one cannot obtain high quality health care unless one is socially or relatively connected to a health care worker, if not, one has to pay a bribe as an incentive to receive health care from caregivers that are trained and paid for the job. This has created a social norm in which bribing is deemed to be legitimate (Adegboyega et al 2012).
Another cause of this social norm is uncertainty regarding real projection of who will fall ill and to allocate geographically types of illness associated to a region. This makes it difficult to allocate resources adequately to
The biggest problem with the government of Nigeria in regard to its malpractice towards the people is the unchecked corruption. A
Everyone should have the opportunity to achieve a healthy life and have comprehensive health care services available to them. To achieve this healthy life, people need to have access to the health care system and to a health care provider with whom they can develop a trusting relationship. However, existing barriers to attaining health care services often lead to disparities which in turn lead to differences in life expectancy, health status and a higher prevalence of certain chronic diseases (HealthyPeople.gov, 2012).
Without doubt, corruption has permeated the African society and anyone who can say that corruption in Africa has not become alarming is either a fool, a crook or else does not live in this continent. In the words of Kofi Annan, the former United Nations Secretary General, ‘corruption undermines economic performance, weakens democratic institutions and the rule of law, disrupts social order and destroys public trust, thus allowing organized crime, terrorism and other threats to human security to flourish…And it is always the public good that suffers. Corruption is an impediment to political, economic and social development as it hinders administrative development and performance, it impairs economic efficiency, and leads to brain drain, as well as it discourage foreign investments. Corruption also reduces the productivity of public investment and of the county’s infrastructure through misallocation of talent and other resources, reduces government revenue due to tax evasion
Lack of doctors is only one facet to this multifaceted problem. Accessibility in terms of having the financial resources to obtain care is another. “Individuals in lower social status groups have the highest rates
Social models of health have a strong focus on the broad determinants of health: these being social, psychological, behavioural and biological (Browne, 2011). They consider both the proximal causes (factors immediately preceding a health event, such as the death of an individual) and the distal causes (the initial causal factors of a disease) (World Health Organization, 2002). Social models aid in giving reasons for illnesses that are not due to pathological abnormalities; instead they support non-medical reasons for
Health problems have continued to increase due to socioeconomic changes, demographics and the patterns of disease largely attributed to lifestyle. For example, an area dominated my low income earners is likely to have more cares of illness, their income lowers eligibility to health insurance and most of the investors as well as charity may not be willing to setup healthcare centers in the areas. This has led to an increase in demand for health care and a challenge is posed where there are no facilities to cater for this demand. The health care system is plagued by corruption and low quality care, which has led to low satisfaction of the consumers. For instance, in case a patient is uninsured he or she is likely to wait for long to be served in the public hospitals than the one who is insured.
The corruptin is the abusive and inefficient use of resources by trusted powers for private gain. Corruption is not committed to the rule of law, justice, human rights and the integrity of public service, and it hurts every one who's life, livelihood, or happiness depends on the integrity of people in a position of authority.Some times it's devastating impact is more visible . The governance ,transparency ,and fighting corruption is so important to sustaine economic growth.
Health care systems are very complex constructions where corruption takes place on every level (see Figure 1). According to Transparency International’s Global Corruption Report (2006) and William D. Savedoff (2007) public money is lost e.g. through bribes taken by governmental regulators and professionals, through bills for medical services that never reached
On the other hand, health of a person does heavily depend on the traits of the society including standard of living and inequalities. In other words, not only one’s health will affect society but social issues have impact on individuals’ health too. In this essay, I will be focusing on how one’s health problems interrelate with the society.
This wide definition of corruption does not cover any corrupt activities committed in a private entity or fund. This does not however imply that corruption only occurs in the public sector. Instead the network of corruption extends into executive, judiciary, legislative, civil-service, private sector down to the village tycoon and villager who gives gifts to
Nigeria is an Agricultural and oil rich nation but characterised by Political instability, corruption, poor
Corruption can be defined as the use of entrusted power to accumulate public wealthy for personal benefit. Corruption is not peculiar to any country, continent or state; it is sure a global issue which is an endemic to all government all over the world. However, corruption is prevalent in the Niger delta region of Nigeria; public officers in this oil producing state of Nigeria are corrupt. Consequently, it has defied the Niger delta from developing politically and economically which has left the states reputation in a mess. Radicalization of youths, abject poverty and -political instability are the three leading effects of corruption in the Niger delta region of Nigeria.
It is said that a healthy nation is a wealthy nation. Healthcare is an important concern for every government as people get ill, accidents happen, emergencies arise and the health institutions are needed to diagnose, manage and treat the different types of ailments or diseases that may arise. The healthcare industry is divided into several areas in order to meet the health needs of anyone and everyone. All over the world, the healthcare structures are different to accommodate specific needs of the people in that demographic however the healthcare methodology in Third World Countries does not accommodate the needs of their respective inhabitants in comparison to First world Countries. The Rate of corruption, quality of healthcare institutions, lack of adequate, functional surveillance systems and problematic hygiene conditions are amongst the top reasons why the healthcare systems in third world countries are substandard in comparison to First world nations.
This paired with poor law enforcement yields an impossibly hard to get rid of corruption. In Kenya, political corruption has grown rampant. People, who are supposed to be representing the interests of their constituency, instead take money from the constituents to keep their representative positions.
I am going to reasearch corruption and health issues in the ukraine. The ukraine has a considered health crisis with its high and low death rate most of the population has high blood pressure and obesity or hiv,aids. the current birth rate is 11/1,000 and current death rate is 16.3/1,000. the high contributor to the relatively death rate is a high mortality rate from working age males and alcohol poisoning. the ukraine is 50,000 doctors short health care is bad due to low funding and lack of deterioration rate of it material in technical base. According to the law, medical aid is free of charge. It is provided using budget funds by healthcare establishments and doctors that carry out economic activity on medical practice as individuals-entrepreneurs with whom agreements on the service of rendering free aid were signed.