Chapter 1
INTRODUCTION
INTRODUCTION:
India has been known as the original home of sugarcane and sugar. Indians knew the art of making sugar since the fourth century. However the advent of modern sugar industry in India dates back to mid 1930's when a few vacuum pan units were established in the sub-tropical belts of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar.
Until the mid 50s, the sugar industry was almost wholly confined to the states of Uttar Pradesh and Bihar. After late fifties or early sixties the industry dispersed into Southern India, Western India and other parts of Northern India.
India is the largest consumer and second largest producer of sugar in the world. The sufficient and well distributed monsoon rains, rapid population growth and substantial increases in sugar production capacity have combined to make India the largest consumer and second largest producer of sugar in the world.
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With over 450 sugar factories located throughout the country, the sugar industry is amongst the largest agro processing industries, with an annual turnover of Rs150bn. It plays a major role in rural development and its importance for India stretches far beyond the role of a sweetener supplier.
The sugar factories located in various parts of the country work as nuclei for development of rural areas by mobilizing rural resources and generating employment, transport and communication facilities. Over 45mn farmers, their dependants and a large mass of agricultural labor are involved in sugarcane cultivation, harvesting and ancillary activities constituting 7.5% of the rural population. The sugar industry employs over 0.5mn skilled and unskilled workmen, mostly from the rural
Today we take sugar for granted. But do we really know how it became the enormous product that it is now, do we really know what drove it to become this monster of trade? When Christopher Columbus came to the new world, he brought cane sugar. He quickly discovered how wonderful the land and climate were for growing sugar. In England, many rich merchants realized how successful it could become with the number of slaves available. Before the trade took root in central America, sugar had been considered a delicacy. Now, as it became more affordable, the consumer demand increased. All three of these factors drove the sugar trade to become the most successful and rapidly growing trade in history. The sugar trade was driven by consumer demand, cheap labor and fertile land.
The Sugar Act of 1764 was intended to eliminate the illegal sugar trade that took place between the British colonies and the French and Spanish colonies. Nevertheless, it also had the effect of lowering duties on molasses, which reduced the economic value of sugar grown within the colonies. The act also included
Sugar was one of the first global product, this and many other products were part of the trade system the triangle of trade. During the sugar trade, the Africans were treated unfairly however, the Europeans benefited, the economic system grew and sugar became more popular. When the African slaves were in America the slaves underwent brutal working conditions. Two sources corroborate this claim. According to document Henry Coor, “Even though I have to kill 30-40 negroes more per year, the higher production of sugar more than justifies the loss in life.”
Making sugar as it was discovered in the 17th century was a hard process. That is why it was believed to be an investment during this time. The sugar had to be boiled 3-4 times before the process was over, and the water was removed. What drove the sugar trade was the demand as it became such a huge stimulant. Everyone wanted it, and that's why people spent all their time growing it across the sea.
Since the demand was so high, the manufacturers were faced with maintaining a high crop yield, but luckily the Caribbean islands provided an ideal location for growing cane sugar. Once plantations were constructed yet
The sugar trade succeeded due to the increasing demand for the product, along with the advent of European colonization of the Caribbean, and the use of slavery as an efficient workforce. The rise in demand for sugar was partially a result of the addictive properties it had, which caused people to want more of it. The islands on which the Europeans were colonizing were ideal for the growth of cane sugar, the plant that is processed into the finished sugar product. With the use of slaves, the production of sugar was happening at a much quicker and cheaper rate than before, thus creating more sugar to supply the demand. During the sixteenth century, the Europeans colonized the Caribbean islands, which were perfect for running sugar plantations.
In conclusion, The sugar trade was most successful due to the high consumer demand and the slave trade. This is shown by the evidence of sugar’s addictive properties and its easy use as a sweetener with certain goods. However sugar does have its health and slavery issues, not allowing Africans and other slaves to live they life they
Sugar is one of the most important items that was discovered in the new world back in the 1300’s. The reason for this is that in the 1300’s hardly anyone knew what sugar was until Christopher Columbus went to the Bahamas and came back to Spain with sugar in the 1400’s. So what drove the sugar trade?, well there are many factors that drove it some of them were Land meaning the natural resources used to make sugar, Labor, meaning human resources that are needed to make sugar, and Investment Capital which is money used to buy tools and land. Sugar could have become such a desired good due to the fact that people in Europe found out that there is such a thing with the qualities of sugar or maybe it could be because of the low cost of slaves
Sugar is in almost everything we eat today. The reason for this is because of the Sugar Trade. The Sugar Trade was from 1655 - 1833, and it revolved around Britain, and their trade route. The Sugar Trade was driven by the climates of British colonies, the use of labor and slaves, and the high demand for sugar in Britain.
Sugar has been a staple in the diets of Europeans for centuries. From desserts to tea, sugar has been added to everything. While it is unhealthy in large doses, the demand for the saccharide does not falter. Before sugar could be mass produced by machines, much of the labor was done by slaves. While this benefitted white Europeans, they were the only ones to have profited from this new sugar craze. The African population suffered immensely from the sugar industry as the working conditions of sugar plantations were brutal and they had no civil rights as slaves.
The international sugar trade (1500-present) had many effects on the global economy and society. It allowed and facilitated the mistreat of slaves based of the demand for sugar, as sugar was of such high demand that slaves would be murdered for not working hard enough, or killed by the machines they worked with. In contrast to this negative effect, sugar helped post trade and bolster some countries’ economies, such as Great Britain’s mercantile system and economy receiving a major boost because of sugar. Another positive effect of the sugar trade was the improved development of mechanics and technology, with machines being built to automate production of sugar, which helped towards the creation of automated factories and production lines.
By then, sugar and consumer items like it had become too important to permit an archaic protectionism to jeopardize future metropolitan supplies. Sugar surrendered its place as luxury and rarity and became the first mass-produced exotic necessity of a proletarian working class.
	Sweetness and Power is a historical study of sugar and its affect on society and economy since it was first discovered. Sugar has had a large impact on society and the economy that is not noticeable unless thoroughly studied. The following is an analysis of the work done by Sidney W. Mintz in his attempt to enlighten the "educated layperson".
- Economic return: Net returns to farmers per Hectare from growing Sugar cane are high. From Exhibit 9 with nominal cash flow of a crop life cycle ( 4 years), the total return of one hectare is 6,900 (000'VND) and net present value is 3,841 (000'VND) with nominal discount rate 13.3%/year. Compare to coffee and rubber, sugar cane need only one year to revenue.
To begin with, England found an important cash crop in the Caribbean. Sugar cane was introduced to the tropical environment of the Caribbean after Christopher Columbus landed in the New World. Sugar is native to southeastern Asia. Later, the Portuguese brought sugar to Brazil. Today Brazil is the lead producer of sugar.