The email letter of intent of CMPDI, Ranchi, dated 09.02.2013 from Mr P K Pal, GM (E&M), CMPDI,

In 2002 a joint project between International Navistar and the Ford Motor Company was born. “The goal of this project was to create an engine that was fuel efficient, emission compliant and would be able to outperform all of the competition” (Banks Power). With over 2 million ford super duty’s equipped with the 7.3l Powerstroke engine on the road, the new engine would have big shoes to fill. The engine that was to replace the outdated, underpowered and overall inadequate 7.3l Powerstroke was the International Navistar 6.0l turbo diesel.

Case Background: - In transportation industry, one of the biggest challenge is how to deal with carbon dioxide emissions and how to reduce the energy. According to the Natural Resources Canada, one third of the greenhouse emission is because of transportation industry.

The first stage of the actual process is description, understanding the basic systems under consideration and getting points of view from participators. At the most basic level, this might involve drawing a spray diagram (see Fig. 1) to understand the

I. Concept Stage - Client Representative or CEO meets with Product Manager to describe big picture the goals for end product for spec generation.

Method one is appropriate for QEH because the source of the emission is fuel combustion which is homogenous across the organisation. QEH is using liquid and solid fuel in their transport, which have homogenous source.  Emission by this method is easily estimated by referring to reportable data on fossil fuel consumption. The volume of consumed fuel in tones can be easily determined which are used in this method to calculate emitted carbon dioxide. Chemical properties of fossil fuels used in vehicles is uniform and can be easily determined using the tools provided in the method. If there are many types of emission sources available then methods 2,3 and 4 will give the perfect results in calculating the emissions. The range of emission sources covered in the determination includes the combustion of fuels for energy, fugitive emissions from the extraction of coal, oil and gas, industrial processes (such as producing cement and steel) and waste management

2. “ Because of their efficiency and durability, diesel engines have become the standard in powering trucks and buses. Other heavy vehicles and mobile equipment, including bulldozers and cranes, are also powered by diesel engines, as are many commercial boats, and some passenger cars and trucks. Diesel technicians handle many kinds of repairs. They may work on a vehicle’s electrical system, make major engine repairs, or retrofit exhaust systems with emission control systems to comply with pollution regulations. Diesel engine maintenance and repair is becoming more complex as engines and other components use more electronic systems to control their operation. For example, fuel injection and engine timing systems rely

Central Idea Statement: There has been three major technologies added to diesel exhaust systems since 2003 including an EGR, DPF, and SCR that have dramatically reduced NOx emissions (smog gases).

an emission standard of 5.2, but the average gross income is low manufacturer’s will be at a loss.

Stages 2-4 will cover any changes that need to be implemented, so that during the construction phase there is no setbacks from sudden changes. However, if the client does have a last-minute change of mind about something or they must change some aspect over unforeseen circumstances, then the Plan of Work will prove as a good indicator of where it went wrong, who was responsible and hopefully why. As mentioned previously, when broke down into parts it is very easy to refer back to a stage where the change needs to be implemented (architect’s drawings are unclear, flooring subcontractor may have used wrong material). The Plan of Work will show who was responsible for the error or it will just be a case of the client having a change of mind, in this case it will be the client paying for it rather than the

Environmental concerns have been raised from time to time because of the dependency on the gasoline-fueled engine as the chief auto powertrain technology. This has resulted in exposing many automobile users to unpredictable prices of fuel. These issues were, however, the reason for

The transport sector is one of the main global consumers of fossil fuel related energy in the world. Unfortunately fossil fuel is non-renewable source of energy and the production of oil has been fluctuating in the recent past. At the same time, combustion of petroleum related fuel release greenhouse gases such as carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide that destroy the ozone layer and result to further environmental degradation. Therefore to work

The strength of the stage two: define the issue is that you’re able determine problem presented by your client and plan the ways you to solve those problems and carry out your research.

The amount of factories and industries has grown immensely through the previous years which has resulted in an expansion in the consumption of petroleum products. Innovation has begun to increase and has promoted the expansion of the production of cars. As stated by the Air Quality Research Center, “Air pollution is one of the most dangerous environmental problems, causing many adverse health effects and responsible for 50,000 deaths in the U.S. each year” (Air Pollution and Health – Air Quality Research Center.). The smog and

Objectives |Metric |2009 |2010 |2011 |Target | |Outsell competition |US Market Share |15.3% |16.4% |16.5% |=>16.5% | |Sustainability |Ford U.S. fleet CO2 emissions, combined car and truck, grams per mile (lower grams per mile reflects improvement) |326 |329 |318 |315 or less | |Innovation |U.S. Utility Patents Issued to Ford and Subsidiaries |325 |430 |444 |>450 | |

In the define phase proposals are formulated, estimated and tested for feasibility. The results will be presented to the senior management in order to receive a "go" for the project which often is in the form of a contract.