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Theophylline Essay

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Theophylline is inexpensive and worldwide it remains one of the most widely prescribed drugs for the treatment of airway diseases. It has been used for over 70 years in the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Nonetheless, theophylline has newly turn into a third-line treatment in many modern countries that is only used in some poorly controlled patients. Various protocols of therapy assisted this. It has even been recommended that theophylline is not indicated in any patients with asthma. The prevalence of side effects and the comparably low potency of theophylline have now led to diminished usage because inhaled β2-agonists are far more efficient as bronchodilators and inhaled corticosteroids have a …show more content…

Low-dose theophylline pushes an anti-asthma response through rising stimulation of HDAC which is finally enrolled by corticosteroids to abolish inflammatory genes.Drugs affecting microsomal enzyme complexes in the liver can alter the clearance of theophylline. Other mixed mechanisms (e.g. hepatic uptake) can also be affected by concomitant administration of other drugs. Whatever the mechanism, the interaction may be satisfactory to constrain modification of the theophylline dosage, in preference regulated by plasma theophylline determinations.  Drugs which increase the clearance of Theophylline: 1) Phenobarbitone: Comedication with Phenobarbitone may depend upon an increase of the theophylline dose by around 30% because of raised clearance arising from enzyme induction. 2) Carbamazepine: With phenytoin and carbamazepine an increase dose of theophylline around 45% can be needed. 3) Rifampicin, Isoniazid and Sulphinpyrazone: With rifampicin, isoniazid or sulphinpyrazone comedication, an increase of the theophylline dose by around 20 to 25% may be required.  Drugs which decrease theophylline clearance: 1) Erythromycin, propranolol and isoprenaline: making a minimization in the dose of concomitant theophylline recommended with normal doses of erythromycin, propranolol and isoprenaline

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