12. The formula C6H12O6 means __________. (p. 46) The formula C6H12O6 means that there are 6 carbon, 12 hydrogen, and 6 oxygen atoms.
13. Three major types of chemical reactions are __________, __________, and __________. (p. 47) Three major types of chemical reaction are the ionic bond, covalent bond, and hydrogen bond.
14. Explain what a reversible reaction is. (pg. 47) A reversible reaction is a chemical reaction in which the products react, reforming the reactants. The end product (or products) of the reaction can be changed back to the reactant (or reactants) that originally underneath the reaction.
15. Define catalyst. (p. 47) A catalyst is a chemical that increases the rate of a chemical reaction but is not permanently altered by the reaction.
16. Define acid and base. (p. 47) Acids are electrolytes that release hydrogen ions (H+) in water. Bases are electrolytes that release ions that bond with hydrogen ions.
17. Explain what pH measures, and describe the pH scale (p. 48) The pH scale measures the concentration of hydrogen ions found in substances. This system tracks the number of decimal places in a hydrogen ion concentration without writing them out. Each whole number on the pH scale (0-14) represents a tenfold difference in hydrogen ion concentration. (1) When the hydrogen ion concentration increases, the pH number decreases. (2) When the hydrogen ion concentration decreases, the pH number increases.
18. Define buffer. Buffers are chemicals that resist pH
10. A pH scale describes the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance. 0 to 6.9 indicates an acidic solution, 7.1 to 14 indicates an alkaline solution, and 7 indicates a neutral solution.
3. Common observations of a chemical reaction are described in the introduction section. For each observation, name a common or everyday occurrence that must involve a chemical reaction?
reaction has taken place, for example a gad is given off or a solid is
A chemical reaction is when substances (reactants) change into other substances (products). The five general types of chemical reactions are synthesis (also known as direct combination), decomposition, single replacement (also known as single displacement), double replacement (also known as double displacement), and combustion. In this lab, the five general types of chemical reactions were conducted and observations were taken before, during, and after the reaction. Then the reactants and observations were used to determine the products to form a balanced chemical equation. The purpose of this lab was to learn and answer the question: How can observations be used to determine the identity of substances produced in a chemical reaction?
One type of chemical reaction, called combustion, involves the burning of various compounds and elements. Some substances are more
There are now many classification systems to classify the different types of reactions. These include decomposition, polymerization, chain reactions, substitute reactions, elimination reactions, addition reactions, ionic reactions, and oxidation-reduction reactions.
A chemical reaction is a process that involves change of the molecular or ionic structure of a substance, as opposed to a change in physical form or a nuclear reaction. The key concepts of a chemical reaction are:
Write a balanced chemical equation for each reaction #1-8. Classify each reaction using the information provided in the
The diverse types of chemical reactions include Combination Reaction, Decomposition Reaction, Displacement Reaction and Oxidation Reaction.
The last type of reaction is a combustion reaction. The reaction will always have oxygen and a hydrocarbon as reactants and the products will be carbon dioxide and water (General Equation: CxHy + O2→ CO2 + H2O). A reactant, as mentioned before, is a substance that takes part in and undergoes change during a reaction (left side of the equation) while the product is what is formed from the reaction (right side of the equation). While having the chemical equation can help determine if a reaction is occurring, there are some visual indicators of a reaction as
Chemical reactions make new things by rearranging other things. In a chemical reaction, the main change that occurs relates to the way atoms are bonded to each other, in order to change those connections, bonds must be broken and new bonds be formed.
Changes in matter occur every day. There are two types of ways matter can be altered; physically and chemically. Physical changes do not change the composition of the matter while chemical changes occur when one or more substances turn into a completely new substance.
A chemical reaction is a process in which elements or compounds react with one another to create new or different substances. There are two parts to a reaction. Those two parts are the products and the reactants. The reactants are the chemicals or chemical compounds that are going through the reaction itself. The products are chemical elements or chemical compounds that are produced as a result of the reactant or reactants reacting. There are four key indications that there’s a chemical reaction is taking place. Those four signs include a change in color and/or odor, formation of a precipitate or a gas, the release or absorption of energy (light, heat, electricity), and if the reaction is irreversible. Along with this information, there are ways to predict the products of a reaction.
There are thousands of chemical reactions that occur in an organism that make life possible. Most of these chemical reactions occur too slowly on their own. Enzymes are protein catalysts that speed up chemical reactions in a cell. Catalysts are not changed by the reactions they control, and are not used up during the reaction. Enzymes therefore, can be used over and over again. Enzymes are large complex proteins made by the cell and allow chemical reactions to take place at the temperature of the cell. These catalysts are needed in only very small amounts because a single enzyme molecule can complete the same reaction thousands of times in one minute.
What are the symbols used in a chemical reaction? Solid (s), liquid (l), gas (g), or aqueous (aq).