Thyroid Disease

Purpose: To inform what Thyroid disorder is and introduce the main two branches of it.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis is considered an autoimmune disorder of the thyroid, first discovered in 1912, by a Japanese doctor, Hakaru Hashimoto. Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis disease is currently considered a genetically predisposed disorder caused by both environmental and endogenous conditions. Genetically predisposed Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis, occurs more often in Caucasians over other ethnicities. Environmental factors that produce the autoimmune disorder are infections, disproportionate iodine intake, drugs, as well as chemical and radiation exposure, according to Syrenicz, Anhelli (2013) This paper will discuss the importance of Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis disease, symptoms, Metabolic and Physiological effects, treatment options, and side effects associated with treatments.

"Hyper" means "over." Think of a "hyper" person, which is short for hyperactive - that is, too active. Therefore, a person suffering from hyperthyroidism (a hyperactive thyroid) has a thyroid which is overactive. It is commonly referred to as a

b. Inflammation of the thyroid, having a surgical removal of your thyroid, or some medications are some causes of hypothyroidism.

Having an underactive thyroid in San Juan, Capistrano can cause a whole lot of health problems. The thyroid is a small butterfly shaped gland located in the front lower part of the neck and is responsible for providing important hormones that regulate many of the body's systems. When there are not enough of these hormones in the blood stream, you may experience any number of symptoms that can greatly reduce your quality of life.

Chronic diseases such as hyperthyroidism can be debilitating if not managed well. Hyperthyroidism is an overactive thyroid gland that secrets too much hormones throughout the body causing many different clinical manifestations within all systems. The thyroid gland is located right underneath the larynx also known as the voice box, and straddling the windpipe.

The history of hypothyroidism dates way back to the 1800s; seeing the symptoms in patients, even before the disease was able to be diagnosed. Later realizing that many of the cases of cretinism, later called hypothyroidism, were largely associated with the lack in function of the thyroid. Today, also realizing that there is not only internal factors that influence hypothyroidism but also external factors that can contribute. Hypothyroidism can present itself in many different ways from no symptoms at all to organ failure, in a severe enough case. Discovering and treating hypothyroidism with medication or alternative, if the patient chooses, can be very simple after confirming diagnosis with lab results. An optimistic prognosis is usually given to patients diagnosed with hypothyroidism.

The patient’s diagnosis is primary overt hypothyroidism. The patient presents with certain features such as weight gain, weakness, excessively dry flaking skin, dry hair, sluggish movements, constipation, bradycardia, diminished deep tendon reflexes, and bilateral edematous hands, which is classical signs and symptoms for primary hypothyroidism. The patient laboratory test reveals she has an elevation in serum thyroid stimulating hormone level along with low serum free thyroxin and triiodthyronine levels, which indicates it is a dysfunction or abnormality in the thyroid gland as opposed to the pituitary gland or hypothalamus (Gaitonde; Lohano; Porth, 2015, p. 780; Ross, 2014).

Grave’s disease is a disorder of the immune system causing the body to have an overproduction of hormones to the thyroid gland (hyperthyroidism). I chose this disease because I’ve known of a few people that have had difficulties with their thyroid’s. I wanted to learn more about it to be able to make other’s aware that they should have their thyroid checked regularly. The signs and symptoms that are associated with Grave’s Disease are anxiety, weight loss, puffy eyes, hand tremor’s, heat sensitivity, and the most noticeable is the enlargement of the thyroid. They can also experience insomnia, irritability and hair loss. Even though individual’s may have these signs and symptoms, this disease does require a medical diagnosis from a doctor.

Thyroid nodules are lumps in the thyroid often called adenomas. These adenomas are quite common affecting around seven percent our countries population. These lumps on the thyroid can become very active and thus produce a large amount of thyroid hormone. In some cases hyperthyroidism is brought on by consuming too much medication that treats an underactive thyroid.

Hashimoto’s Thyroiditis, also called Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disease in which the body’s immune system attacks the thyroid gland. It was named for the Japanese surgeon who discovered it in 1912 The thyroid is a small butterfly shaped gland in the front of the neck. The thyroid makes hormones called T3 and T4. These hormones regulate metabolism. The thyroid is controlled by hormones of the pituitary gland, which is also called the “master gland.” It is a pea-sized gland located in the base of the brain which, among others, makes thyroid stimulating hormone, or TSH. TSH stimulates the thyroid to make thyroid hormone. With Hashimoto’s disease, the thyroid cells are damaged resulting in the inability to make enough thyroid

Hyperthyroidism is a malfunction of the thyroid gland, where the thyroid produces too much thyroid hormone. The thyroid hormone is responsible for the body's use of energy, metabolic rates, and proper functioning of the organ systems (Graves disease, 2014). It is an essential hormone for homeostasis.

Up to twenty-five percent of American women suffer from slight thyroid slowdowns. But often the symptoms go untreated. Some of the symptoms are fatigue, weight gain, brain fog, dry skin, and thinning hair. We sometimes just think that as we get older things such as weight gain and fatigue get harder to combat so we don't even ask our doctor if their could be a medical cause. And when we do many doctors don't recognize the narrow range between normal thyroid function and clinical hypothyroidism, so borderline problems are often missed. This will not replace a doctors' diagnosis but you can do a simple test that ID a sluggish gland. Do this test in the morning. Take your underarm temperature before you get out of bed. Hold a mercury thermometer in place for ten minutes or a digital model for one minute. If it is lower than 97.8 Fahrenheit for three consecutive mornings, you thyroid may need a little revving. And there are some things that you can do to boost your thyroid. First a good one to try is steamed veggies. The thyroid depends on iodine to make the hormones that regulate energy and metabolism. But compounds called goitrogens in cruciferous veggies (such as broccoli, cabbage, cauliflower, and kale) can block the body's absorption of iodine. The solution: Enjoy these veggies steamed since heat deactivates goitrogens. To further safeguard iodine levels, season one dish per day with powdered kelp. This salty sprinkle delivers 485 mcg of organic iodine. which is better utilized by the thyroid than the iodine in table salt. Another thyroid booster is selenium. Even minor selenium shortfalls (which strike one in five women) can impede thyroid function. That's because the mineral helps the body convert thyroxine hormone into triiodothronine, the active form that governs body processes. Grains and seeds were once considered great selenium sources but modern

Autoimmune disorders occur when the body attacks healthy body tissues. Usually the immune system protects the body from infections and destroys bacteria, viruses and harmful foreign substances. Hashimoto’s disease is an autoimmune disease that damages the thyroid and causes the thyroid not produce hormones like a normal functioning thyroid would . Hashimoto’s disease happens when the immune system starts to attack the thyroid gland by large numbers of lymphocytes accumulating in the thyroid causing inflammation and this affects the thyroids ability to produce thyroid hormones and starts the autoimmune process. When the thyroid produces less hormones it becomes underactive and is referred to Hypothyroidism.

Hypothyroidism is a condition where the thyroid does not produce enough of the hormones that are required to maintain metabolism (Harvard School of Medicine, 2007).