Essay about Twentieth Century Evolves to the Twentieth First

In today’s generation technology is the key point in all of our lives. With all those new technological inventions a huge percent of those inventions refer to the medical field.

Technology is a wonderful invention that has changed the world. One of the biggest advancements it has made is it has changed the face of medicine. Just over the past couple of centuries, technology has gotten to the point where it saves lives. The Civil War is considered to be one of the most bloodiest wars in history due to the lack of technology in the 1860s. Men were having their legs and arms amputated while still awake with no pain medication. Men were dying due to the lack of x-ray machines, MRI’s, CT scans, and many other medical advancements since then.

The purpose of this dissertation isto assess the impact of the Affordable Care Act (ACA) on the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) care continuum. This dissertationwill focuson addressing the gap in current research by improving understanding of the impacts of the ACA on care for individuals living with HIV. It is estimated that over 1 million Americans live with HIV (Kates, 2012). Though the number of HIV infections has stabilized at around 50,000 annually, there are reports of new strains of HIV arising among homosexuals (Kates, 2012). People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) are less likely to be insured due to low socio-economic status (SES), therefore, rely on Medicaid for insurance coverage. Statistics indicate that only 25% of PLWHA are virally

There are an immense amount of problems in Africa caused by the AIDS disease. Healthcare providers are available and located all over Africa. Even though they are available, they have only “enough medicine for long-term survival available for 30,000 Africans” (Copson, 3).

Determinists would say that the developments on machinery make doctors lazy because it makes them dependent but instrumentalists would say that it actually makes them more efficient in the work they do. The improvements technology has had on health have saved countless lives. This is clearly demonstrated in the hospital with advancements in the machinery that is used. Equipment, such as heart monitors, has become advanced and is a necessity in health centers to assure the well being of humans. Another example of very advanced technology

We have been aware of HIV and AIDS since the 1970s (Miller, 2012), and though there have been treatments and reduction in the number of people infected, the disease remains. The disease results in death usually following opportunistic infections as a result of AIDS destruction of the immune system, but thanks to modern medicine “many people

People living with HIV and AIDS have always had a difficult time obtaining access to health coverage (Sorian, 2010). Medicaid, Medicare, and the Ryan White HIV/AIDS Program have provided a critical safety net (Sorian, 2010). But today, nearly 30% of people living with HIV do not have any health insurance coverage, and many others have limited coverage (Sorian, 2010). In addition, people living with HIV and AIDS have faced hurdles to getting quality care from qualified providers (Sorian, 2010).

In the 1980s, a mysterious disease began to take the lives of Americans. With the cause unknown, a fear grew among Americans. An unusually high rate of people was becoming sick with strange and rare diseases. When experimental treatments failed to work, people died. This mysterious disease is what we now know as HIV–Human Immunodeficiency Virus. In the past thirty-five years, the HIV has taken many turns in history. Although we do not hear about HIV and AIDS now, it is still a prevalent issue in the United States and in the world.

HIV stands for Human Immunodeficiency Virus, and if left untreated, can lead to AIDS (Fauci, 1988). Globally, 36.7 million people are living with HIV and 1.2 million are living with HIV in the United States. Over the last decade, the annual number of new HIV diagnoses decreased by 19%, and many health professionals and public health researchers attribute this to both awareness and prevention. Research shows that there is an economic benefit of preventing disease because it lowers healthcare costs (Hogg, Baskerville, & Lemelin, 2005). It has been found that for every HIV infection prevented, an estimated $355,000 is saved in the cost of providing lifetime HIV treatment (Benjamin, 2011). There is a national need for prevention of diseases such as AIDS to lower healthcare costs while improving the quality of people’s lives, and the 2010 Affordable Care Act (ACA) responds to this need with its emphasis on disease prevention, improving access to coverage, ensuring quality coverage, and by enhancing the capacity of the healthcare delivery system (Koh & Sebelius, 2010).

Bradley, et al. (2014) examined the continuum of services among persons living with HIV in the United States during 2011. Data was gathered and examined from the National HIV Surveillance System (NHSS) from the United States regarding improving the care and treatment of individuals diagnosed with HIV from 2011-2013. This data was significant because the finding could ultimately assist the government with reducing new infection and related illnesses and improving the rate of viral load suppression with the assistance of antiretroviral therapy (ART). According to the authors in 2011 in the United States an estimated 1.2 million individuals were living with HIV (Bradley, et al., 2014, p. 1113). Furthermore, the authors also stated

Introduction –HIV, Human immune deficiency virus which started in late mid 90s has already devastated many people causing great economic impact on their families, communities and health care systems. In USA the first HIV patient was diagnosed in 1981 after which disease spreads rapidly by which it affects nearly 1.2 million people as of now. As per US centre for disease control and prevention Out of 1.2 million

Although ninety-five percent of people living with HIV/AIDS are in developing countries, the impact of this epidemic is global. In South Africa, where one in four adults are living with the disease, HIV/AIDS means almost certain death for those infected. In developed countries however, the introduction of antiretroviral drugs has meant HIV/AIDS is treated as a chronic condition rather than a killer disease. In developing countries like South Africa, the drugs that allow people to live with the disease elsewhere in the world, are simply too expensive for individuals and governments to afford at market price.

Just as clearly, experience shows that the right approaches, applied quickly enough with courage and resolve, can and do result in lower HIV infection rates and less suffering for those affected by the epidemic. An ever-growing AIDS epidemic is not inevitable; yet, unless action against the epidemic is scaled up drastically, the damage already done will seem minor compared with what lies ahead. This may sound dramatic, but it is hard to play down the effects of a disease that stands to kill more than half of the young adults in the countries where it has its firmest hold—most of them before they finish the work of caring for their children or providing for their elderly parents. Already, 18.8 million people around the world have died of AIDS, 3.8 million of them children. Nearly twice that many—34.3 million—are now living with HIV, the virus [9].

HIV/AIDS is an acronym that has become synonymous with the weakening of the human immunity system and has become a constant source of anguish for the infected and their families. According to the Center for Disease Control, more than 1.2 million people in the US are living with HIV. What may be worrying is that 1 in 8 persons are unaware of their positive status. Despite the number of new HIV diagnoses has decreasing by 19% between 2005 and 2014, there is still a lot of unsightly statistics that paint a picture of uncertainty regarding its eradication. HIV is incurable, the only relief comes in the form of ARVs which help the body adapt to the weakened immune system. Globally, the World Health Organization puts the numbers at over 100 million people and most of them in developing countries. A terrible scourge indeed and a relevant disease to analyze closely.

The public health crisis of HIV infection in Russia and the American South have quite a few similarities, as well as some stark differences. One similarity between the Russian crisis and the crisis in the Southern States is the fact that there is currently limited governmental support to address and manage the HIV infections. In Russia, the government fully ignores the crisis and have made no legislative moves to decrease the spread of HIV or aid in the treatment of current individuals living with HIV. In the U.S., there has been a large governmental push to aid other nations with their HIV problem, but no such aid for the African American HIV problem in the South. Legislation such as the Affordable Care Act has slightly improved individuals access to HIV treatments. However, some states have not fully accepted the legislation (such as Mississippi) and additional opposition from the Trump administration will both combine to be a hindering force in addressing the South’s HIV crisis. Another similarity is that many people in both Russia and the South are not receiving adequate treatment or medication to deal with their HIV infection. In Russia, many individuals with HIV do not seek out treatment due to stigma or even some have been flat out rejected by doctors. The South has the same issue regarding stigma playing an important role in limiting individual’s treatment of HIV. Many individuals are faced with such high levels of shame that they