United Nations Security Council And World Bank

Discuss some of the main events of World War II. How do these experiences rekindle the idea of establishing a world organization dedicated to world peace and international cooperation.

In the website I used named ShareAmerica, I used the story “Ways That World War II Changed The World.” The site stated, “May 8, 1945, also marked the birth of a new international system of norms and ideals, conceived to ensure peace, security and prosperity for all nations.” This talks about the making of the United Nations, a peace keeping organization created to be stronger than the League of Nations, which failed to prevent the war. Other organizations that were made as a result of the war were the International Monetary Fund, the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (today’s World Trade Organization), and the International Military Tribunal. The same article also states, “In the wake of the Holocaust and other horrific crimes, countries recognized the benefits of a world with established norms and shared values. The Allies established

Therefore, all the other countries do not have the same possibility and thus cannot present their views with the same power and emphasis that the permanent members of the United Nations Security council enjoy. Hence, it is not surprising that no institutional concern at the United Nations has been studied more than the need to broaden the membership of the Security Council to reflect the world of today rather than the one that existed at the Council's inception.

Schlesinger utilizes this portion of his work to identify the ideological origins of the United Nations and to detail the intricacies of the organization’s foundation. He begins his discussion of the UN by outlining the political movements that led to its establishment. Schlesinger includes this analysis in order to illustrate the extent of humanity’s experimentation with international governance and law. The discussion attempts to determine key differences between the United Nations and its predecessors (Schlesinger 2003). Schlesinger then examines the negotiations which took place between the Allied Powers as World War II drew to a close (Schlesinger 2003). These negotiations resulted in the formation of the international organizations which structure global society today.

The UN was form after World War II ended. The organization was represented by the number of twenty six nation countries to fight the Axis Power. The UN and its system consisted of six main basic organs that operate the system and other subsidiary agencies. The GA, the Secretariat, the International Council and Justice, the EOCSOC, the Security Council and the Trusteeship are the main basic organs that operate the system. The UN also consist a document of constitution, which is called Charter. This document constitution held the responsible of each of the body organ that are operating within the organization. In this paper, I will talk about the structure of the UN, the system power, and the pathology of the system. With the amount of mini-UN throughout the regional, people often confuse this subsidiary agency with the major organization.

World War II was the largest and deadliest war in history. Some sources estimate the total number of casualties to be as high as eighty million people. With over thirty countries involved, the after effects of WWII were felt around the globe. Entire cities had been destroyed. The economies of Britain, France, Germany and Japan were left in shambles. Food shortages were critical and wide-spread. Large portions of Europe and Asia were left in ruins after years of fighting and bombing. Millions of people were homeless as new territorial borders were drawn. Of all the countries involved, only two survived the war economically sound, the United States and the Soviet Union. In an effort to prevent another world war from happening and “to save succeeding generations from the scourge of war,” the United Nations was formed ("Charter of the United Nations"). It has been over seventy years since the United Nations took on the role of international peacekeepers and the world has experienced dramatic changes. However, today’s world is much different than it was in the postwar era of World War II and the United Nations has come under scrutiny for being biased and antiquated. In order to preserve and promote international peace and security, the United Nations should be reformed to reflect a more neutral role when addressing global issues by creating unity amongst its member.

The end of World War II and creation of the United Nations (UN) in 1945, set the world on a new evolutionary path. This unique evolution commenced with the United States (US) and the Union of Soviet Socialists Republics (USSR) as world powers as a result of their distinctive roles in ending World War II. Their contradicting ideologies as to the basis of this new evolution sparked a cold war bringing fear and great concerns to the masses. Inspite of the intensity of this war, the UN assumed its responsibilities in ensuring peace and encouraging both nations to peacefully sort out their differences. This consequently recorded the first involvement of the UN in the world superpowers’ affairs. Currently, the evolution transits into new superpowers; the United States – an established power and China – a rising power. In contrast to the US – USSR relations, the new superpowers emphasize on constructive bilateral relations that propose to foster cooperation, mutual respect and promote global development.

The creation of the United Nations (UN), the largest organization in the world introduced a new reform for collective security around the world after the failure of the League of Nations. Such a reform is vital for the international community as it zealously promotes concord and security, which is the most important goal in the 21st century. Thus, has the UN been successful in promoting international peace and security? To an extent, they have been when it comes to certain economical, humanitarian and environmental conflicts that occur within particular situations. However, one must take into account that the UN has failed in promoting such an itinerary when it came to the nuclear proliferation, the failure to uphold amity in Sri Lanka, Rwanda and Srebrenica Massacre.

The United Nations has worked to maintain peace and stability in the global community, but has experienced numerous failures in establishing a system of collective security. The purpose of this paper is to analyze why international organizations, such as the UN have been ineffective in achieving their goal of establishing a system of economic, political, and social stability via a collective security system. First, a brief discussion of the history of the UN and collective security is provided. Second, a discussion about the ineffectiveness of the UN is provided. Third, a discussion of the issues facing the global community is provided. Lastly, a discussion of how the issues of collective security will impact economic development in less developed countries.

Along with this, significant efforts have been taken following the end of the war, in relation to international coordination of security policy, hence, the establishment of International Organisations such as the United Nations, in an attempt to keep the peace, and provide resolutions to any future conflict. International organisations play a central role in the politics of international legitimacy surrounding conflict resolution and peace enforcement, as well the implementation of the measures deemed necessary to diffuse conflict. There has always been a strong norm against interstate aggression but intervention form international organisations to bolster international peace and security is increasingly acceptable. The multilateral organisations have a more credible claim to speak for the international community than any other entity. Moreover, since their collective decision-making procedures require at least some transcendence of individual states particularistic interest’s international organisations are seen as able to make less biased distinctions between genuine peace enforcement and aggression.

The United Nations has a number of different organisations and programmes that operate under the non-governmental organisation. Each of these organisations works to better the world’s population and the environment we live in. The United Nations itself has six main bodies which it is governed by and each body focuses on a different aspect of international peace and security. This report will be focusing on the role of the Security Council and its success as a body with regard to maintaining international peace.

International Monetary Fund and The World Bank, though has a good purpose of their existence, they have come under lots of criticisms as to how they use the leverage of being in a position of helping poor countries to either recover from economic collapse or give them debt relief and economic boost from loans they give out to them to impose policies and condition that those poor countries has to implement. These loan conditions and policies structured by these international financial power institutions are geared towards moving resources from the poor countries to the rich western countries. The end result is creating a situation where the poor countries sunk into more economic suicidal condition in which

individuals so that the long term interest of the country would be exposed to external danger. On the other hand, critics argued that prohibition against private ownership of land is a serious limitation on the freedom of citizens. It was supposed to be left for personal decision of individuals and families who have the right of possession and ownership of land. This position seems to win the support of international institutions such as the World Bank and International Monitory Fund (IMF) (Dessalegn, 2011).

“The Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) are a group of 38 developing countries with high levels of poverty and debt overhang which are eligible for special assistance from the International Monetary Fund (IMF) and the World Bank”. The HIPC Initiative was initiated by the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank in 1996. In 2001 Ghana declared itself as heavily indebted poor country, according to the then president John Agyekum Kuffour, the decision of Ghana to be part of this initiative was mainly because of the poor state of the economy. As a result of this the nation was expected to receive a total of 253 million dollars of IMF and the World Bank to help relieve the country from various debts and to invest the rest in infrastructure, basic education, health facilities, water and sanitation. As a result of the HIPC initiative there were some positive change in the lives of the people in terms of healthcare and some aspects of basic education. There was an introduction of free healthcare to all Ghanaian citizens in the country and the already existing free basic education was enhanced. However the prices of goods and services increased by the day. The rate of unemployment shot up drastically as many people were losing their jobs both in the public and private sector, there was constant depreciation of the currency and frequent sales of state owned property.

As the world closed the chapter on World War II, political leaders looked to stop wars from beginning, thus the creation of the United Nation (UN) was born, other organizations such as the World Health organization (WHO), and the World Bank along with the International Monterey Fund (IMF) all with the idea that with these tools at hand poverty and economic stability could be achieved for even the most developing countries.