Do the benefits of urbanisation outweigh the disadvantages? By Martha Chan 10B2
Word count: 2149
Introduction
Urbanization is defined as rapid population growth in urban areas. There are four major causes for urbanisation including: rapid economic growth, population increase, economies of scale and multiplier effect. The environment around us is heavily affected by urbanisation, bringing advantages and disadvantages along with it. Almost 45 per cent of the world's population which is two and a half billion people are living in urban areas.
Global Perspective
There is a well-established connection between a country’s level of urbanization and its GDP (gross domestic product). In the 2011 data graph on the UN website, it shows a strong positive link:
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Tokyo is the world’s largest city with a total of 38 million residents and a GDP of US$1,479 billion. Four major advantages of living in Japan includes outstanding medical services, more job opportunities, and a convenient lifestyle. The World Health Organization (WHO) ranked the health systems of its 191 member states in its World Health Report in 2000 and Japan was ranked 10th. Japanese outcomes for high level medical treatment is generally competitive with that of the US. Nextly, according to the statistics from the Tokyo Government, the total number of offices in Tokyo is over 670,000, which accounts for 11.6% of all Japanese companies. Furthermore, Japan has the highest number of employees, 7,752,604. However, the major push factors due to urbanisation in this metropolis city is environmental pollution. According to a WHO survey, Japan has been suffering since 1960 due to it having an incredibly high level of air pollution. As the quality of air decreases, the risk of having different diseases increases. This contradiction causes Japan to become harder to live
What is urbanization? Urbanization is the increase of population in an urban area. It is as much as a social process as it is an economic and territorial process. There are a few major cause of urbanization which include the industrial revolution, immigration, push and pull factor. Industrialization is the increase and development of a society or country that transforms its self s itself from a primarily agricultural society into one based on the industrialized of goods and services. The increasing number of factories created has a powerful need for labor, compelling people in rural areas to move to the city, and drawing immigrants from around the world to come to Canada for employment. As a result, Canada has transformed from a rural to an urban nation, and the demographics of the country shifted dramatically. Subsequent industrial development the process of urban¬ization is accelerating at much more rapidly rate. Urbanization brings about social and cultural changes in community life, which also correspond to modernization. The loss of community life and traditional large-sized joint families on one hand and growing individualism, and smaller sizes of house¬holds and development of independent personalities in a diverse community on the other, are the commonly observed characteristics of urban as well as modern way of
Rapid urbanisation has caused a variety of problems, including transport congestion, lack of sufficient homes and living conditions, sanitary and health care issues, and crime. For all these problems, city planners have attempted potential solutions, each with varying degrees of success. Cities including London, Manila and Mumbai have several of the aforementioned problems, and have each tried their own potential solutions. This essay will discuss how successful these schemes have been in resolving these issues.
Paul Goldberger, an American architectural critic once quoted, “Urbanism works when it creates the journey as desirable as the destination.”
Urbanization was one significant social consequence that was caused by the First Industrial Revolution. Urbanization is the growth of a city, and broadly the transition from the majority of the population living in rural circumstances and working agriculture, to living in urban circumstances, and working in industrial jobs. Before the Industrial Revolution began, people were mostly
Urbanisation is caused by people inhabiting the cities and towns moving away from rural areas. This can be a problem because it causes Overcrowding, waste accumulation, transport systems.
Urbanization is the movement of people to city areas. There are many reasons why urbanization occurred on a large-scale during the industrial revolution. The
Task #1 : Analyse the impacts of at least two urban dynamics operating in a large city of the developed world.
The period from the late 19th century to the early 20th century is important in the urban development history of Canadian and American. Urbanization is a historical process that contains urban development. Urbanization is a process of population concentration as well as a process that advanced production modes substitute backward modes. At the same time, it is also the process to adapt to the mode of production and to innovate lifestyle. Hence, urbanization is a dynamic process that many aspects of economics, society and culture comprehensively transform caused by the revolution of social productive forces.
Urbanization happens and fast it surprised many people. The definition of urbanization is the process by which towns and cities are created and become bigger as more people come in. The year 1800 can help in the understanding of urbanization.
Gentrification if the city of Portland has become a huge problem. A problem that is directed towards low income residents, and people of color. Gentrification can be seen mainly to put into disadvantage these people and to technically get rid or get them out of the cities that are being gentrified. This is exactly what is happening in the city of Portland. Housing has increased drastically in Portland in the past 10 years causing low income residents to lose their homes and move out of their city. For other people their struggle is not being able to purchase a house because of the high prices or not being able to pay it off during a decent time. The gentrification in Portland is basically helping part of the city to become wealthier by bringing in the rich people and get out low income residents into areas that in bad conditions. But the city planners instead of helping the areas that need the money and the time decide to instead better areas for the people who are already in good conditions and leave the poor areas unseen.
There are many advantages of cities, both modern day, and ancient. Cities help prevent diseases, they organize people and make them more productive, and they help the economy. In document 1, Edward Glaeser tells how cities help prevent diseases lowers, because all immunities spread when people are close together. People are dying a lot less for a while in cities because of this. In documents 1, 2, and 3, people say how cities organize, and make people more productive. When people are closer together, they can innovate, and help each other out, as a pose to suburbs where people are separated, and generally don't help,each other. This leads directly to cities having a good economy. When everyone is working and things are going smoothly, the city
Urbanization is a concept that is deeply rooted in the increase in a population within a region in response to the availability of unique opportunities. The opportunities may include the availability of employment chances in factories, investments opportunities in the urban areas, and the presence of sufficient housing and social infrastructure. It is apparent that urbanization began centuries ago in different regions of the world. However, the development of suburban areas has also been an interesting phenomenon over the centuries. Initially, people strived to live in the luxurious houses in major towns and cities. Nevertheless, there was a gradual shift in the desire to live in the cities when various negative impacts of overpopulation
Urbanization can be defined as a rapid shift in population of a group living in a specific area. This typically happens when the society decides that it is more advantageous to settle, rather than migrate. Throughout ancient history, we have seen various groups of civilization to adept different forms of urbanization near river valleys. These cities include the regions near Mesopotamia, Egypt and the Indus valley. Even though their lifestyle might have revolved the valley as a main source of development, their cultures and beliefs differed greatly from each other.
Despite the negative factors of living in urban environment, there are a great number of positive sides that affect the life quality of people who live in urban cities. Perhaps, the
Urbanization causes financial problems to the overwhelming majority of the people. This is because problems with money are widespread in urban areas. First of all, urbanization leads to the extreme growth of unemployment. For instance, as reported by the International Labour Organization, International unemployment rose to 210 million people in 2010 (David & Vicente 2012, p.154). According to David & Vicente (2012, p.156) vast amounts of unemployment results in human resources not being used efficiently across cities which cause social inequality. This evidence shows that urbanization causes unemployment. Urbanization leads to significant overpopulation in the central cities, which causes high competition and as a result lower job opportunities for most people in the labor market. As businesses and governments cannot produce enough jobs to meet the demand of a fast-growing population, a lot of individuals are faced with a shortage of employment and deprived of a vital source of income. As a result, lack of revenue leads to inequality in society. Secondly, urbanization leads to a lack of affordable housing for the overwhelming majority of urban people. According to Gan (et al., 2017, p.427) in the forthcoming future, the global urban population will reach around 6.3 billion people in 2050, and about 94% of them will be in developing countries. Furthermore, approximately 828 million people from developing countries currently live in inadequate housing and this number will rise