What Is Street Robbery?

In our society there is many different types of crimes, I will be focusing specifically on street crime and white-collared crime. Each of these criminal communities has criminals that in the end are just trying to reach a goal. Whether it is the American dream of living in luxury or just trying to make ends meet. “White collared” crime is defined as a nonviolent criminal act that is motivated by financial gain. Then there is “street crime” which is defined as a criminal offense that is committed in a public place. Some examples of white-collar crimes are: embezzlement, corporate price-fixing, fraud, bribery, forgery, money laundering, cybercrime, copyright infringement, etc. While some examples of street crime are: robbing, murder, rape, sale of illegal drugs, assault, auto theft, etc.

Around 400,000 robberies occur every year (fbi.gov). In the short story “A Retrieved Reformation” By: O. Henry, Jimmy Valentine was a criminal who moved to Elmore, a small town in Arkansas, looking for a fresh start. He changed his name and fell in love with the bank owner’s daughter. Valentine had a detective looking for him, the detective’s name is Ben Price. Jimmy was going to give up his robbing bank tools so he would be able to change for his fiance. On his way to give away the tools Jimmy went to the bank to observe the new vault, a child got trapped in the vault and Jimmy used his bank robbing tools to save the child. Because Jimmy Valentine wanted to be different for his soon to be wife, was going to give

This paper will compare burglary crime statistics between two cities for the years 2005 and 2012 using the Federal Bureau of Investigation database the Uniform Crime Reporting (UCR) Program. This paper will also, discuss which area had more reported incidents, what were the rates of the crime for each area, did the rates changed over time in either area, and what factors might explain the differences in the rates.

The Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR), was the first of the two programs to be developed. “In, 1930 Congress authorized the U.S. attorney general to survey crime in America” (Schmalleger, 2015). Within its first year, the UCR “received reports from 400 cities in 43 states” (Schmalleger, 2015). Since its inception, the UCR has tracked seven types of crimes. These crimes are “murder, robbery, rape, aggravated assault, burglary, theft and vehicle theft” (Sources of Crime Data: Uniform Crime Reports and the National Incident-Based Reporting System, 2009). There was a revision to the UCR in 1979. This is when this system began to report arson as well (Sources of Crime Data, 2009). In the first year of operation, twenty million people were covered under this survey (Schmalleger, 2015). Today, the UCR compiles data from nearly 18,000 law enforcement agencies (Schmalleger, 2015). This data comes “from city, county, and state

Crime is something that occurs throughout the world. To some people it is an incident that adds stress to one’s life, and to others, they see it as a way of life. Over the last years, different areas of the United States have been affected by crime. The Federal Bureau of Investigation Uniform Crime Report (UCR) Program is a nationwide program that gathers statistical information from nearly 18,000 agencies that report criminal data on crimes that have been brought to their attention or reported voluntarily (The Federal

The Universal Crime Report (UCR) is a nationwide program that collects data and statistical information concerning crime in the US. Some examples of these crimes include murder, robbery, aggravated assault, hate crimes and many more. The UCR is a collaborative program that reports information from all cities and towns across the country and involves different law enforcement at various levels of government. The UCR is very useful in today’s law enforcement. The UCR provides law enforcement with information that they use to help budget the money that is needed to protect our society. The UCR evaluates crime data, combines data to get an overall picture of the crimes, identify trends, and looks to see where improvement is needed.

Another recommendation suggests that punishments should be the same for all offenders of robbery. For example, one believes it should not matter if this is the first time someone has committed a violent crime such as robbery, or if this is the tenth time, he or she has committed a violent crime. One believes the victim’s fears are the same regardless of the amount of times the offender has committed a violent crime. Another recommendation is the charged of armed robbery should not be reduced to lesser charges. Armed robbery is a serious violent crime. Therefore, those charged with armed robbery must not be allowed to have the charges reduced to a less sever crime just to save taxpayer’s dollars.

When it comes to victimization there are many different theories and types of victims. Mendelsohn explains his theory through “situational victimization factors.” (Robert, 2013). Basically this boils down to the victim being at the wrong place, around other offenders, or in a high crime area. Hentig prefers to describe victims with “personal factors associated with victimization.” (Robert, 2013). Hentig believes things such as, a person’s social standing, childhood, or mental/emotional state determine their likely hood becoming a victim. Lastly we have Sellin and Wolfgang theory that situations determine someone becoming a victim.

In 2015, there were an estimated 1,197,704 violent crimes. Murder and nonnegligent manslaughter increased 10.8 percent when compared with estimates from 2014. Rape and aggravated assault increased 6.3 percent and 4.6 percent, respectively, while robbery increased 1.4 percent.There were an estimated 7,993,631 property crimes. The estimated numbers for two of the three property crimes show declines when compared with the previous year’s estimates. Burglaries dropped 7.8 percent, larceny-thefts declined 1.8 percent, but motor vehicle thefts rose 3.1 percent.

The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) is consisted of two parts, part one and part two. Part one crimes are the eight most serious offenses, which is murder, rape, assault, robbery, burglary, arson, larceny, and motor vehicle theft. Part two crimes are all other crimes except the ones in part one. They also include drug offenses, sex crimes, and vandalism. The UCR is a large database that stores all the information of the crimes that are reported and arrests made each year in the USA. The method used to get the information to the FBI is complex. Each month a law enforcement agencies report the count of part one crimes. The advantage of UCR is that people can see what kinds of crimes happen in a specific area. The disadvantage of UCR is that many of the serious crimes are not reported because the victims think that the crime is unimportant, they don’t trust the police, or involved in something illegal during the time of the crime.

Crime is an ongoing problem in the united states. Victims of crime are individuals who have been assaulted in an immoral matter that can cause various damages to the person. The Uniform Crime Report (UCR) is the FBI’s yearly publication of serious crime that occurred within the following year, which are reported by victims, police officers, and other sources. The UCR is not fully seen as an accurate source of crime calculation for various reasons. One main reason is the underreporting of crime done by both the officers and victims.

The Uniform Crime Reporting Program (UCR) is a nationwide, involving systems with thousands of statistical information by city, county, and state law enforcement agencies voluntarily reporting data on crimes brought to their attention. Not only is this program supported by local law enforcement agencies, but also by Department of Justice and Federal Bureau of Investigation. Its primary objective is to generate a reliable set of criminal statistics for use in law enforcement administration, operation, and management. It gathers and draws its information from a category of crime index and rate of crime. These include the violent crimes of "murder and nonnegligent manslaughter, forcible rape, robbery, and aggravated assault, and the property crimes

The Uniform Crime Reporting System (UCR) is a voluntary city, university and college, county, state, tribal, and federal law enforcement program that provides a nationwide view of crime based on the submission of statistics by law enforcement agencies throughout the country (“UCR, 2013). The UCR crime statistics are used in many ways and serve many purposes. It provides resources for different audiences such as businesses, intelligence partners, law enforcement, communities, crime victims, parents , researchers and students. Individual agencies used the reports to analyze data related to their location for accuracy. The program offers advantages for the public and various agencies but if not appropriately studied it may lead to inaccurate forecasting and adverse effects. The crime statistics available varies from specific offenses within categories of violent crimes, property crimes, hate crimes, etc. Burglary is a specific property crime that will be analyzed using the UCR reports.

Modern-day society’s definition of burglary is quite different than the one under common law, although, both include the entry into a structure or dwelling. The FBI defines burglary as the unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or theft (FBI, 2010). However, the use of force to gain entry is not necessarily an element of the crime. The Uniformed Crime Reports (UCR) breaks burglary down into three sub-classifications; forcible entry, unlawful entry without the use of force, and attempted forcible entry. There have been more modern changes to the law to encompass all forms of attempted and unlawful entry: entry by trick or coercion, concealment, entering by false pretenses, and conspiracy are all now part of burglary.

More than half of those robberies consist of home invasion with a firearm, putting whoever’s in the way in immediate harm. Crime like this should not be taken lightly. Consequences should be more intense than they really are, instead of 3 years to 5 years in prison, They should take in how the victims of the crime feel,and all of the things they lost. No crime is small if it put another human being in harm's way. An Average of thirty percent of robbers either committed murder or won't hesitate to commit murder by any