What Walker And Avant ( 2016 ) Outlined Essay

His theory has also influenced other child care practices such as hospitals. Parents are now able to stay with their children due to understanding their emotional development can be disrupted if their attachment figure is not with them through a difficult period of their life when they need support. “Parent’s were encouraged to be with the child in hospital: nursing care and the ward itself became child-centered” Wood, B (2001, p.60). Some research states that children need to have a good relationship

As I begin my fifth year of working as a nurse practitioner in a leading children’s hospital, I am certain the pediatric acute care setting is where I will continue my career of service to children and their families. Although I hold a masters degree in nursing and have been a primary care certified pediatric nurse practitioner for many years, I wish to expand my knowledge of pediatric nursing to encompass the unique and challenging aspects of pediatric acute care.

Once the CCLS is aware of the reason why the patient is in the unit, they will be able to assess the methods they will use depending on the child’s condition. This will also help the other health professionals aiding the patient. With this policy, families will have the option whether to consult with the child life specialist. Doing this could touch on the psychological issues that the patient is dealing with. This can aid the mental and emotional stress that comes when dealing with major health decisions with themselves or the child’s/patient’s family member. There will be strategical procedures and programs that help children that deal with mental illnesses such as anxiety and depression. They can do interventions that were done like in the studies mentioned. For the patients that suffer with emotional and mental stress, there

     Alice Walker is an African American essayist, novelist and poet. She is described as a “black feminist.”(Ten on Ten) Alice Walker tries to incorporate the concepts of her heritage that are absent into her essays; such things as how women should be independent and find their special talent or art to make their life better. Throughout Walker’s essay entitled “In Search of Our Mothers’ Gardens,” I determined there were three factors that aided Walker gain the concepts of her heritage which are through artistic ability, her foremothers and artistic models.

Such toxic stress can have damaging effects on learning, behavior, and health across the lifespan. Learning how to cope with adversity is an important part of healthy child development. The most effective prevention is to reduce exposure of young children to extremely stressful conditions. Research also indicates that supportive, responsive relationships with caring adults as early in life as possible can prevent or reverse the damaging effects of toxic stress response (Center on Developing Child, nd). By establishing clear lines of communication between adults and children, and home and school, parents and teachers can help to shape children’s perceptions in informed ways. During times of trouble, when emotions run high, parents and teachers can help children develop the skills necessary to manage their feelings, to confront unpleasant or adverse realities, and to acquire greater emotional stability. In order to support children in better understanding their world, adults may have to help them come to terms with circumstances that are frightening, confusing, overwhelming, or possibly unrelated to their past experience. By providing a safe and supportive environment and a healthy acceptance of all that is good in life, a calm and ready-to-listen adult can facilitate children’s well being, and help to alleviate the fear, dismay or confusion they may feel. In doing so, it is important to honor and nurture children’s sensitivity. Although parents and teachers cannot shelter children from all adversity, they are well positioned to help children learn about the imbalances in the world, to better comprehend their impact, and to find thoughtful ways to strike a comfortable and meaningful balance of their own (Foster & Matthews,

Alice Walker who wrote “The Welcome Table” had issues of race and gender that was the center of her literary work and her social activism. She participated in civil rights demonstrations. (Clugston 2010). This short story has a theme of life and death. It shows the plot of the story, the point of view and has symbolism used to show the death of the old woman and what the church members thought of her as a black woman. (Clugston, 2010, Section 7.1 and 7.2) Later in the story, she is walking up the road with Jesus, who came to get her and take her to The Welcome Table that she always

It has been documented that children undergoing surgery and their families experience high levels of distress and perioperative anxiety. Stress and perioperative anxiety have the potential to cause more harm on post-surgical healing, in consideration of both physical and mental health, if not addressed promptly and properly. Child Life Specialists are pediatric healthcare professionals who are able to provide interventions to help reduce anxiety and increase developmental growth within pediatric patients, provide family centered care, and facilitating therapeutic play interventions for pediatric patients, all the while in the hospital environment (Child Life Council, 2014). Child life specialists are able to meet these values and missions to create a standard of practice that the American Pediatric Association recommends in all pediatric healthcare settings (Child Life Council, 2014). Typically, when child life specialists are working with pediatric patients undergoing anesthesia for surgical procedures they are able to participate as a part of the multidisciplinary health team to provide family centered care and increase a patient and their families understanding on the medical procedure at hand. A common intervention for pediatric patients undergoing anesthesia for surgical procedures include medical play and medical preparation sessions.

One day while working at his job the zoo, Jason Walker fell into a mouth of a hippo and is put into the mysterious land of Lyrian.

123). There are numerous approaches of creating meaning for concepts based on literature review, academic critique, and providing precise operational definition of said concepts (McEwin & Willis, 2011). Walker and Avant developed the concept analysis approach selected in this article in 1983, which is a concept analysis method based upon Wilson’s method from the 1960’s (McEwin & Willis, 2011). Walker and Avant’s method “provides a systematic approach to analyze relatively new concepts” (Bruggemann et al., 2012, p. 124), and is comprised of three different processes: concept analysis, concept synthesis, and concept derivation (McEwin & Willis, 2011, p. 54). The concept analysis process is broken down into eight different steps that will allow defined terms to be presented in a common language (McEwin & Willis, 2011, pg. 54, para. 2). Additionally, the concept synthesis process is utilized when concepts need to be developed further and can be broken down into three subcategories: qualitative synthesis, quantitative synthesis, and literary synthesis (McEwin & Willis, 2011, pg. 54, para. 3). Furthermore, the concept derivation process is useful when generating innovative ways of thinking about an occurrence when few concepts are available and is comprised of a four-step design (McEwin & Willis, 2011, pg. 55, para. 1).

Pediatric Care Nurses have a demanding job that is often overlooked by most. People do not take into account how much a nurse will give to his or her patient, especially considering that patient is most likely a child between the ages of infancy to eighteen (“How Nurses”). The patients, being very young, can attribute to the amount of stress the nurse feels to do his or her best which can in some form bring an emotional factor into the mix, especially if the nurse has children himself/herself (Izumi 203). While being a pediatric care nurse, emotions play a large role in the way these professionals do their job. A step back is needed to see the emotional and physical stress these pediatric care nurses face when doing their job.

Research conducted by Webb and Brown (2003) into the effects of hospitalised children ranging from between the ages of one to ten years has ascertained that for these children who have been neglected with limited social interaction, were compared to Harlow’s 1960s research into neglected and social isolated

Throughout a person’s life milestones, there are expected physical, psychosocial and cognitive developments in relation to health aspects within certain age groups. For an instance, a school aged boy would respond to their diagnosis and treatment very differently to a fully grown man. At the age of 8, a child often experiences a shift from the pre-operational thought when they were pre-schoolers to concrete operational thought. Mark who is 8 years old was undergoes an appendectomy and been diagnosed with a gangrenous perforated appendix with peritonitis. This essay will be describing the pathophysiology of Mark’s presenting compliant and also evaluating on the nursing role to deliver developmentally appropriate nursing care with the focus on Mark’s growth and developmental stage, his family centred care and the effects of hospitalization on mark and his family.

According to Erik Erikson’s theory of psychosocial development, successful completion of each developmental stage results in a healthy personality and the acquisition of basic virtue. The individual experience the conflict at each stage of development and it is crucial to resolve the conflict in order to successfully move to the next stage. Respectively, developmental approach is the most commonly used method in pediatrics to address the psychosocial needs of hospitalized children (Ivey, 2006). This paper will closely examine all children who are admitted into Intensive Care Units (ICUs) in general without focusing on neither particular age group nor chronic illness. Furthermore, discuss children’s psychosocial adaption to ICU and the negative implications on their development in terms of physical health such as unstable attachment, isolation from families and friends. Furthermore, address strategies while working with children in the ICU to prevent any negative implications.

Vulnerability and resilience among children continues to be a popular topic in research of developmental psychology. The two definitions are closely tied together as they are considered both sides to the spectrum. Schaffer (2006) defines vulnerability and resilience “as the susceptibility to develop malfunctioning following exposure to stressful life events, as opposed to the capacity to maintain competent functioning stress”. If stressful life events are the trigger here, why is it that some children are far more vulnerable, yet others are more resilient? The three studies discussed in this paper will attempt to explain why these differences occur and what can we do to enhance protective factors.

According to the article, “Stress and Child Development” (2014) by Ross Thompson, stress is defined as “a complex psychobiological process with biological, emotional, mental, and behavioral consequences, all of which influence one another” (Thompson, 2014, p.46). Thompson’s research provided insight into helping children who suffer from stress, and cope with this stress through neurobiological processes, including two-generation and multi-generation intervention, which includes parents, teachers, relatives and grandparents or anyone who provides care for these children. Thompson’s research found that children who grow up in a loving environment are less stressful, and when confronted with stress, these children cope with stress better than children who live in a non-loving environment. Thompson suggested that stress is brought on when an individual feels threatened or when her or she feels surrounded by, or in immediate danger, thus, emphasizing how a child’s social experiences plays a key role in the development of a child’s neurological systems as well as his or her biological system (Thompson, 2014). Thompson’s research of Hurricane Katrina found that children whose parents could no longer provide care for their children faired much worse than children whose parents provided care, as it relates to stress. Thompson’s study of a Romanian orphanage found that the sooner a child was adopted into a loving environment, the sooner a child learned how to cope and