Who Is Watson Misdiagnosed

Given the events and situations which Dr. Watson faced, the significant changes that his independence, use of expertise, and critical thinking skills underwent were inevitable. As the book began it was obvious that Dr. Watson was Sherlock Holmes's sidekick, and that his character was weaker. As soon as Dr. Watson reached Devonshire his character had to undergo changes such as his independence from being the sidekick. "“What, are you coming, Watson?" he asked, looking at me in a curious way.”That depends on whether you are going on the moor," said I. "Yes, I am." "Well, you know what my instructions are. I am sorry to intrude, but you heard how earnestly Holmes insisted that I should not leave you, and especially that you should not go alone

Individuals interested in the field of health information technology (HIT) are presented with a vast array of HIT related jobs and professions to choose from, many of which are highly specialized, such as the certified tumor registrar (CTR). A cancer registry is a compilation of all cancer related data on all cancer patients, including their demographics, medical histories, diagnostic findings, and follow up assessments. This information provides health care professionals with the necessary data and tools to successfully develop, implement, assess and evaluate current and future treatments and therapies for the overall goal of preventing and controlling cancer (NCRA, 2002). The registry is also a key tool in providing necessary data to

Integration will lead to superior diagnoses as doctors will have access to medical records from across the country, enabling them to draw on the diagnoses of other doctors facing similar situations. It will also allow for seamless care as records for the same patients will be instantly accessible and fully up to date wherever they go. The application layer will be standardized, with a consumer-facing mobile and web application and a doctor-facing web portal. While the way care is administered differs from hospital to hospital and clinic to clinic, what a practitioner needs from an IT solution will remain relatively constant.

Over the past decade, virtually every major industry invested heavily in computerization. The heath care industry was no exception to the rise in the use of technology. These technologies are starting to allow health care practitioners to offer faster, and more efficient patient care than ever before. No doubt this is the right direction we expect health care to follow.

Worldwide use of computer technology in medicine began in the early 1950s with the rise of the computers. In 1949, Gustav Wagner established the first professional organization for informatics in Germany. Medical informatics research units began to appear during the 1970s in Poland and in the U.S. Since then the development of high-quality health informatics research, education and infrastructure has been a goal of the U.S. and the European Union. (NYU graduate training program, 2010) Changes in the healthcare environment produced fundamental shifts in the delivery of healthcare. The altering landscape of healthcare is creating a huge demand for health data analytics. The growth and maturity of healthcare informatics over the past decade has been a prime catalyst in positioning the healthcare industry for the changes posed by reform measures. By understanding the process of analytics, clinical informatics specialists say healthcare providers have the insight necessary to make the process adjustments in the future.(Riskin, 2013)

This is displayed by the use of information and technology to communicate, manage knowledge, decrease error and support decision making. The majority of the healthcare world is ran by technology. Almost all charting is done on computers, which allows more than one healthcare professional to view the patients chart at one time. This technology also allows the patient to access their records online keeping them informed of test results. For example, this is exemplified by physicians entering their own orders into the computer. This prevents the use of unapproved abbreviations and mishandling of

Medicine in the 21st Century has continued to push the boundaries of science to unthinkable limits, often fusing complex technological elements and concepts together to achieve great feats. Two major contributing factors that have increased the use of high-technology in modern day medicine are Evidence-based Medicine and Health-Informatics. One study completed at Ohio State University (2016) proved how beneficial combining high-technologies such as Health Informatics Tools (HIT) and Evidence-Based Medicine can be. "Achieving a vision of 'interventional informatics ' will requires us to re-think how we study HIT tools in order to generate the necessary evidence-base that can support and justify their use as a primary means of improving the human condition" (Embi et al, 2016). This synergistic effect is just one of many countless examples of the successful advancements in medicine today. These strings of successful advancements in medicine can almost certainly be linked to the progression of specific

James Watson was born in Chicago Illinois, on April 6, 1928. During his early years, James attended Horace Mann Grammar School, and later on to South Shore High School before earning himself a scholarship to the University of Chicago at just age 15. (Watson, James Biography 4) Watson is 89 years of age and is still living in his home state of Illinois, and is happily married to his wife Elizabeth, who together, are celebrating their 50th wedding anniversary (Cash, Nelson 2)

Patient is a 35-year-old, single, Native American transgender female (male to female). She prefers to be called "Mariza." She currently lives in a sober home. Presented to CRU 2 via ambo from Scottsdale Osborn, Honor Health. She is NCOT for depression, anxiety and SI. Patient reports being raped on 2/17/17 by an unidentified men. Patient has filed a police report on the incident. Patient states, "I was raped and I just want to kill myself." She is calm and appropriate, but guarded. Patient endorses hx of SI through hanging, cutting her wrist, and OD on her Rx pills. Patient states, she was physically and sexual abused by her father and uncles. Patient has been receiving psychiatry services through Salt River behavioral health services on the

Doctors misdiagnose between 10-15% of medical cases each year. These misdiagnosed patients have been linked to physicians being too overconfident. According to Psychology Today, in a study performed by a cognitive research psychologist, Ashley Meyer, Ph.D. and her colleagues, the researchers gave 118 physicians four cases to diagnose with two cases being easy to diagnose and the other two being difficult. The researchers asked the physicians how confident they were in their diagnosis. The results indicated that the physicians got 55% of the diagnoses correct for the two easy cases; 5% of the diagnoses were correct for the difficult cases. When asked to rate their confidence on a scale of 0-10, the physicians rated their confidence

Dr. Brown works in the Watson Cognitive Healthcare department in IBM. He holds PhD in computer science in information retrieval concentration. A brief history of Jeopardy Project and how Watson Project started in IBM was presented. The Jeopardy Project that started ten years ago and publicly announced about six years ago on TV advertisement. The only remaining industrial lab in the United States was the Watson Project in IBM research department. The mission statement for Watson Project was “to improve save lives around the world using cognitive information.” With this project, IBM predicted 75% of the medical field will use digital health service in the future. Prior to further explanation of the Watson Project, Dr. Brown talked about the current medical reimbursement model. With the affordable care act, the reimbursement went from fee for service to value service.

This stream of research eventually developed into a dedicated discipline, Artificial Intelligence in Medicine (AIM), with wide appeal and broad consensus for optimism. In 1970, Schwartz announced in the New England Journal of Medicine that clinical computing would likely be commonplace in the “not too distant future.” The use of computerized clinical information systems to support hospital operation as well as clinical activities started to flourish in the early 1990s. Besides the significant technological breakthroughs, including the availability of enterprise-level database management systems (DBMS) and health data standards such as ICD and HL7, new legislation and advocacy by federal funding agencies also played a key role. International Statistical Classification of Diseases: Standard diagnostic classification developed by the World Health Organization (WHO) for its member states to report mortality and morbidity statistics. In the United States, ICD-9-CM (ICD 9th Revision, Clinical Modification) is widely used to codify diagnostic data for administrative (such as billing) purposes. http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/datawh/ftpserv/ftpICD9/ftpICD9.htm. Health Level Seven (HL7) is an all-volunteer, not-for-profit organization. It oversees the development of international health data exchange standards. http://www.hl7.org. Financial investments to implement large-scale health IT systems were made by the Agency for

In the comparison with Watson, the most significant difference of CASSPERT is the limitation to a very specific usage: whereas Watson can process millions of unstructured text pages in order to answer medical questions, CASSPERT was only developed to support the decision process in coronary angioplasty. Watson is developed in various projects like WatsonPaths, Watson EMR Assistant and Watson Genomic Analytics and can therefore be applied in different medical fields.

These personal companions are able to monitor every human reaction to physical and emotional stimuli, as well as, how a specific disease process is affecting the different systems of the body, and how medications are systemically treating any disease process. This system will detect disease processes much earlier than is capable at the present time. This information is then transmitted to this global health care network, as previously mentioned, and the data used to better understand disease processes and help to find cures for these diseases. The human genome has also been decoded by computers, for the cost of around one-hundred dollars. With this technology, medical professionals can better understand why some people, and who these people are specifically, are more susceptible to different types of cancer, heart disease, diabetes and so on. These chronic conditions and diseases will be cured and prevented and the larger problem will be mutating viruses and “super bugs”, for which pharmaceutical companies have put very little effort into developing curative or nonresistant medications.

Technology can assist healthcare workers on every clinical and administrative level to use information more effectively in clinical decision-making for patients, and in implementing strategic goals within an organization.