The first question of this research is asking if ABT is effective in teaching speaking in CLT Classroom. In answering the question, the Paired Sample T Test was used. The result can be seen in the following table 5.1: Table 4.1 The Analysis of the Pre- Activities and Post- Activities in the experimental group by using t- test Paired Sample Statistic
Paired Samples Statistics Mean N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
Pair 1 Post-test of ABT + CLT) 101.73 30 8.034 1.467 Pre-test of ABT + CLT) 89.97 30 7.165 1.308
Paired Samples Correlations N Correlation Sig.
Pair 1 Post-test & pretest of ABT + CLT 30 .425 .019
In the table Paired Sample Statistics, it shows the statistically summary from the two Observations. For the observation score before and after the students were taught by using ABT integrated with CLT classroom, it was found that the students’ activities mean before they were taught by using ABT integrated with CLT the was 89.97 while, the score after they were taught by using ABT integrated with CLT classroom the mean was 101.73.
Table 4.2 The Output of Correlation between the Pre- Activities and the Post-Activities Observation Data in the Experimental Group.
Paired Samples Test Pair 1 Post-Activities and pre-Activities Observation of ABT + CLT
Paired
Differences Mean 11.767 Std. Deviation 8.186 Std. Error Mean 1.495 95% Confidence Interval of the Difference Lower 8.710 Upper 14.823
T 7.873
Df 29
Sig. (2-tailed) .000
In the Paired Samples
Example from an artist name Melissa Calderon, Melissa Calderon describes herself as a “Puerto Rican Bronx girl, born and raised.” She is a full-time artist who spends everyday in her studio across the street from the Bronx Museum creating multimedia pieces. During a stint of unemployment, she sought relief in the creation of a series of embroidered work that reflected her experience of seeking work and the changes that accompanied this challenging time in her life. “The My Unemployed Life series” took over a year to complete. Maria stitched six to nine hours everyday and there are a total of 90,000 stitches in the project.
1. What are the two groups whose results are reflected by the t ratios in Tables 2 and 3? The two groups are pre-test and 3-month measures and pre-test and 6-month measures.
In the book To Kill A Mockingbird by Harper Lee, prejudice is tested in many different ways by many different characters. The main plot line is a black man named Tom is took to trial and tested for something that he didn’t do. Atticus is the lawyer who tries to defend him and change the ways of Maycomb County. Along the way he teaches people many lessons which makes him a great character.
Every person’s opinions and skills are valuable. It is important to be well-rounded and understand an individual’s views on particular topics. By being considerate of other’s feelings, there will be less conflicts. So far in my BA 105W group, we each have our own ideas and input when we work together. The vibe within our groups makes it easy to throw our ideas out there knowing that the others will add more to the ideas instead of attack each other. Like any other teams, there are times when we cannot come to a conclusion and would have to reason why we believe this idea is better than the others. Also, diversity within a group is very important. Groups and teams that consist of diversity are more successful because of different backgrounds
Table 2 shows that those students in grade 1 who were tested in the pre-test; cannot get good result. After given the treatment, the students showed better result in the post-test.
2. _C____ Divide your subjects in half. One group receives one treatment of the independent variable and the other group receives a different treatment of the independent variable. Subjects were all told they were going to see a video of a therapist's session after which they would rate the quality of the session. The groups differed in that the subjects in one group were told that prior evaluations indicated that the therapist was effective whereas subjects in the other group were told that the evaluations indicated the therapist was not effective. These different subjects were used for the two levels of the independent variable: subjects were in either the "effective therapist" or the "ineffective therapist" condition.
This study was an observational study, over the duration was over one week on six different occasions. Each participant was individually observed for six hours, participating in a range of different activities.
| Based on explicit knowledge and this can be easy and fast to capture and analyse.Results can be generalised to larger populationsCan be repeated – therefore good test re-test reliability and validityStatistical analyses and interpretation are
According to the gathered data, it was possible to compare the average scores between the homework performances and the quizzes performance of the last 10 weeks of study. The following is comparison chart between homework average and quizzes average.
The researcher will be looking for significantly changed scores between the pretest and posttest. The researcher will organize the scores into four different categories:
Statistical data were collected by using the Statistical Package of Social Sciences using a paired variance t-test (comparing before - after). An independent t - test was also used for comparison between the two groups (equal variance). The results were reported as mean ± SD.
I conducted paired T-test, and saw the difference between pre-test and post-test of all students, group A and B.
Study subjects: The exercise consisted of eight participants who did weight lifting and after that the same eight participants did a running part. All eight individuals were randomly selected with varying athletic levels who are either moderately active or highly active. The heart rates of the participants were observed from their pulse rate before and after weight lifting and running. The weights used was one 8 lbs dumbbell and the running was done on the treadmill. Once all the data was gathered from the eight participants, the results were analyzed with a specific statistical test called Paired T- Test. Paired T-Test is obtained from SPSS, a statistical software used to evaluate the results.
The following table summarized the results of the correlation analysis with the corresponding p-values. A positive value for Spearman’s ρ suggests positive correlation and a negative value suggests the inverse correlation. P-values that are less than 0.05 are considered significant at the 95% confidence level
Generalization is the inclination for the conditioned stimulus to induce a similar response after the response has been conditioned. According to Stokes & Baer (1977), generalization is a natural outcome of behavior change. Stimulus generalization can happen with classical and operant conditioning. Generalization is an essential concern in Applied Behavior Analysis. One must understand that generalization does not automatically occur. Stokes & Baer (1977), listed nine generalization techniques (1) train and hope, (2) Sequential modification, (3) introduce to natural maintaining contingencies, (4) train sufficient exemplars, (5) training loosely, (6) use indiscriminate contingencies, (7) program common stimuli, (8) mediate generalization and (9) train to generalize. Behavior Analyst hopes that generalization occurs with their clients, which is possible if you apply one of the strategies that Stokes & Baer suggest. Therefore, which strategy is most effective when generalizing speech?