Why Would The Aboriginal Australians And The Native Americans Have Similar Perspectives In Their History

-White settlement affected the Indigenous people in a number of ways”{They} made them (the Aboriginals) outcasts on their own land*” by calling it terra nullius under the English Law, despite knowing the existence of the Aboriginals. Terra nullius is a latin term that means “land that belongs to no one.”They believed it belonged to no one because the Aboriginals didn’t use the land in the same way as the British. The Aboriginals believed that Mother Nature would provide them with what they needed, so they didn’t need to hunt and mark the land. The British completely ignored the deep spiritual connections the Aboriginals had with the land. They cut down trees, put up fences and built towns. They believed they had to own the land. But the Aboriginals were outraged when saw the settlers building farms where they had originally been hunting and gathering at, this was because there wasn’t enough food for them. They killed many white settlers in revenge and a clash of cultures began. Pemulwuy was an Aboriginal warrior that lead raids against the British. He also speared John McIntyre, Governor Phillip's gamekeeper, in December 1790. When the Indigenous people resisted the British, it lead to many conflicts which eventually left a irreversible damage to the lives of Indigenous people.

During the period of Colonialism, the English settlers arrived in America from Europe looking for religious freedom, land and the opportunity for wealth. While the Spanish Settlers arrived at Hispaniola unexpectedly, like the English; however, the Spanish did not leave Europe because of religion persecution; rather, they wanted to expand their religious belief to the New Word. While in both the English and the Spanish colonization, the Indigenous people were oppressed and enslaved but the English took a different approach. Thereby, although both the English and the European colonized in order to obtain gold and silver to help their countries wealth, the Spanish explorers took a more forceful method of gaining land.

Indigenous people were in Australia a long time before white settlement arrived. In the speech by Stan Grant the truth about the way the white settlement invaded the land of the Wiradjuri people was exposed. In the Blue Mountains there was an Indigenous settlement which was invaded and cleaned out by the white settlement. This is exemplified in the speech as Grant mentions “I come from those plains, I come from a place west region of the Blue Mountains, the Wiradjuri people, where in the 1820’s the soldiers and the white settlers waged a war of extermination against my people. Yes, a war of extermination!” This communicates the horrifying experiencing the indigenous people had as

Britain and Spain shared similar motivations for colonization, but their colonies were vastly different in many aspects due to differences in their own government and policies. Both countries created colonies to increase their wealth and expand their economies, but religious freedom played a factor in British colonization. The fundamental differences between the two countries led to a difference in the way the colonies of each country interacted with its government. The relationship of British and Spanish colonists with Native Americans also reflected the differences in the motives and the government of Britain and Spain.

In 1788 the colonists had to follow Governor Phillip’s instructions, which declared that “the Aboriginals were to be protected and friendly relations were encouraged.” Phillip had to follow and pass on these instructions as they were given to him in the document labelled today as the ‘Draught Instructions for Governor Phillip,’ which can be seen in Source 2. However, as the British began to settle they cleared the land and fenced waterholes. They showed no respect for sacred sites and broke laws the Indigenous people had followed for many ages. The Europeans did not understand their way of life but as they gained knowledge they continued taking land and breaking indigenous laws. Slowly more encounters between Europeans and Aboriginal people occurred. In May, 1788, two convicts were found dead in Rushcutters Bay, killed by Aborigines. In Source 1, the proclamation to the Aboriginal people can be seen. It gives an example of how the British were still planning to treat the Aboriginal people equally, if they obeyed the law. However, it stated that the law was for the Aboriginal people to live in the European ways, which took away their own traditional customs. This illustrates conflict that arose, but peace was still trying to be made through positive relationships between

The rapid inflation of the industrial revolution in Britain lead to the expansion of British interests to the White settlement of Australia. Workers in the cities didn 't get paid much for their services and committed crimes to get resources, jails started to overflow and the USA wouldn 't take any more convicts once they declared independence. The British empire needed a steady supply of naval materials such as flax and timber as the British empire depended on their naval empire for goods and protection. Brittish trade in the Pacific was very minimal and with a colony in Australia, they would have direct access to the pacific and Asian market. Protection of the Brittish empire in Asia was minimal and Brittish enemies surrounded India, with a port in Australia safe travel could be initiated and in the event of war, protection was close. Britains need for expansion due to the industrial revolution lead to the colonisation on Australia.

Most Aboriginals were not given a “fair go” due to conflicts and their culture, which the Europeans believed

Human rights are the rights of humans, regardless of nationality, gender, race, or religion. We should all have this in common as we are all part of humanity. However, Indigenous people did not always have these rights (Ag.gov.au, 2015). Aside from basic human rights, Indigenous people also have their own rights specific to their culture. Before 1967, Indigenous people had different rights in different states and the Australian federal government did not have any jurisdiction over Aboriginal affairs until Australia’s constitution was amended for this purpose in 1967 (Moadoph.gov.au, 2015). Between 1900 and the present time, there have been significant changes to the rights of Indigenous Australians. The effects of the European Settlement on the Indigenous people of Australia have been devastating. When white people began arriving in Australia, the Aboriginal people believed them to be ghosts of ancestor spirits. However, once they realised the settlers were invading their land, the Aborigines became, understandably, hostile (Slater & Parish, 1999, pp.8-11). In 1788, the total Indigenous population was believed to be between 750,000 and one million. By 1888, the Indigenous population was reduced to around 80,000 Australia wide (Korff, 2014). The three main reasons for this dramatic decline were the introduction of new diseases, violent conflicts with the colonisers, and settlers acquiring Indigenous land (Digital, 2015). In 1848, the Board of National Education stated that it

Tom Dystra, an Aboriginal Elder recalling the differentiating the differences of land uses: “We cultivated our land, but in a way different from the white man. We endeavor to live with the land; they seemed to live off it” (Koori, 2012). The entire continent was under the control of the British Monarchy and was declared “Crown Land” being deliberately ignorant towards the Aborigines and their traditional custodianship. Invasions on the Indigenous land started when the colonists started clearing land, sacred sites and fencing properties which cut access to waterholes and hunting grounds without the permission of the elders. The Europeans didn’t obey the rules set by the Aborigines, held no respect for their traditional rituals and sacred places and started killing vast numbers of innocent Aborigines for hunting for food or trespassing on the ‘European’ land. Their anger and emotion can still be felt today as describe by F. Gale: “Sacred place. All over our Aboriginal land was sacred, but we see now they have made a map and cut it up into six states” (Gale,

The indigenous have been mistreated by the Europeans since the 1500’s, from the cod fishing to the fur trading. The indigenous were kidnapped by the Europeans, forced to change cultures, and used for the European benefits. The indigenous life was not one of joy, but of sadness, and torture.

The process of colonisation by European powers, as might be expected, has had a radical effect on Aboriginal culture. The settlers viewed the natives as barbarians, seizing tribal land and, in many cases, following a policy of pacification by force. Many others died of disease, starvation, cultural dislocation and neglect. Today, there are fewer than 230,000 Aborigines in Australia, less than 2% of the population.

Australian Aborigines are thought to have the longest continuous cultural history in the world. Yet, within a hundred years, the near extinction of the Aboriginal culture almost occurred. This single event, the invasion of the Australian continent by European settlers, changed the lifestyle, the culture, and the fate of Australian Aborigines. Their entire lives were essentially taken away and they were forced into a white, European world where the lifestyle change could not have been any different. Aborigines in Australia today are struggling to deal with a past in which they lost touch with their culture and now are trying to regain some of that cultural identity.

Humans are thought to have arrived in Australia around sixty five thousand years ago. The original inhabitants, who have descendants to this day, are known as aborigines. These aborigines settled for primarily a well-watered costal area. But they aren’t the only population who wanted this land. The period of European discovery and settlement began on August 23rd, 1770, when James Cook took position of the eastern coast of Australia reported the fertile lands back to Britain. But Britain used the land based off of a strategic move in the late 18th century and the early 19th centuries once European wars broke out. A historical rivalry resumed during the American War of Independence, and both nations were seriously weakened by their involvement.

The first Europeans to settle Australia treated the Aboriginals in a brutal, unfair manor. They downgraded Aboriginals to a lower status as human beings. They tried to force the Aboriginals to conform to the western way of life for more than 200 years. It is only fairly recently that the Aboriginals have finally been able to gain back some of their indigenous rights and traditions.

Moreover, the Indigenous way of life was halted to make way for the British. They had to conform to the British standard by dressing in clothing that they did not wear, talk in English and not their native tongue, purchase housing, and only be together with their own race and so on. They were in a way ‘forced’ to leave their life and heritage to fit in and be equal to the British. The way they were treated was deemed ‘beneficial’ to the British, as they were not in the way of colonisation and were perceived as happy with the invasion of the Whites. They were finally recognised as members of society and although the Aboriginals were unhappy, they did not rebel or challenge the British in fear that they were going to be slaughtered or taken