Women as Victims of Crime

In 2005, the Bureau of Justice Statistics reported that 1,181 females were killed by an intimate partner. That means everyday, 3 women are killed as a result of domestic violence. These overwhelming statistics also state that out of all the women murdered in the United States, one out of three of the murders are the direct result of an intimate partner. Domestic violence is a pattern of abusive behavior that includes whether sexual, emotional or physically, that is imposed by a partner in an intimate relationship. This has been a major problem in the United States and for

Through, the years Domestic abuse and police arrests has impacted society because the police officers failed to provide equal protection towards women who are victims towards sexual abuse. Therefore, the policy reform was established to reduce crimes and political power. However, violent crimes have been categorized with higher rates of proscution.Women were not provided with equal protection against domestic abuse and increased the rate of victims who are incarcerated. Women who encountered domestic violence have been arrested for self-defense. Victims of domestic abuse have been physically forced and violently assault in order to take advantage of them and form authority over them. In order to understand the social world we need to include women experiences towards domestic violence and mandatory arrest in order to reduce crimes and prevent victims from being incarcerated.

Domestic violence is an epidemic in our society with dramatic, negative effects on individuals, families and communities. Domestic violence is a crime that knows no economic, racial, ethnic, religious, age or gender limits. Women who are victims of domestic violence most likely are also victims of sexual assault and, stalking. A domestic violence victim may experience systematic rape in addition to physical and psychological abuse. According to Backman, (p.54) nearly one in every four women are beaten or raped by a partner during adulthood. Three women are killed by a current or former intimate partner each day in America, on average women are at an increased risk of harm shortly after separation from an abusive partner.

Violence against women is a substantial public health problem in the United States. According to data from the criminal justice system, hospital, and medical records, mental health records, social services, and surveys, thousands of women are injured or killed each year as a result of violence, many by someone they are involved with or were involved with intimately. Nearly one-third of female homicide victims are killed by an intimate partner (Federal Bureau of Investigation 2001). Throughout this, many will read about intimate partner violence also called

Violence against women has been ever-present throughout time and place in our world and in recorded history. Although violence against women encompasses a whole range of related acts, rape and sexual assault perpetrated against women is the focus of this paper. Men and boys are also victims of sexual assault, but the numbers of women who are sexual assaulted are much higher. We will be examining the definition of rape, the effects of rape, issues associated with rape, theories about the cause of rape and engage in some speculation on what can be done to improve the safety of women.

People try to believe that there is very little things different between men and women. But, when we are talking about crimes, they can be very different. A study from 1980-2008 was taken to see the differences in crimes committed by men and women. One astonishing homicide statistic was the following: male offender/male victim was 67.8%, male offender/female victim was 21.0%, female offender/male victim was 9.0%, and female offender/female victim was 2.2% (Cooper).

According to (Breiding, Smith, Basile, et al. (2014) , a national Intimate Partner and Sexual Violence Survey, conducted in the U. S. in 2011 revealed, The lifetime prevalence of physical violence by an intimate partner was an estimated 31.5% among women. An estimated 22 .3% of women experienced at least one act of severe physical violence by an intimate partner during their lifetime. The lifetime prevalence of physical violence by an intimate partner was an estimated 27.5% for men. An estimated 14 of men experienced at least one act of severe physical violence by an intimate partner during their lifetimes. Where the victim/offender relationship was known, female murder victims were almost 6

Statistics such as this are publicized so that policies can be developed and these victims can have greater advocacy, such as the 1991Violence Against Women Act in the United States (Goodman 1993). The informational document developed by the WHO as well as a report discussing the current research being done on male violence against women states the most common forms of violence against women, the severe fatal and non-fatal health consequences of violence, and the factors that increase a woman’s risk of being a victim of violence (Garcia-Moreno 1993 and Goodman 1993).

Intimate partner violence occurs among partners who are in a relationship. Such partners can either be married, engaged, and or dating and in either heterosexual or same-sex relationships. Both, male and females, can either be the victim or the perpetrator of such horrific episodes of violence against their partner. Women, for instance, are very aggressive and violent in self-defense while men, on the other hand, are most likely to engage in cycles of abuses and thus the notion that they are more violent and particularly against women (McLennan & MacMillan, 2016).

For several years, males were viewed as the violent perpetrators and females as non-threatening victims, however things have changed and female violence has become a great issue in the country. Some believe that females are not biologically capable of committing crimes, and that belief alone has brought on a lack of attention to female involvement in crimes. According to the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention, between 1985 and 2008, the number of delinquency cases involving females increased 102%, while for males, the increase was only 29%. Female crimes are emotionally driven, irrational, and unpredictable and usual over petty stuff such as gossip, he-say/she-say, jealousy, or boys.

According to data from the National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), in 2003 to 2012, domestic violence accounted for almost a quarter of all violent crimes committed. According to the same survey conducted, only 55% of those domestic violence crimes were reported to the police. Based on a study that was conducted on past domestic violence crimes, there was a decline of domestic violence from 1994-2003 but in recent years, depending on the type of intimate partner violence, each either had a small increase or stayed the same (Truman, 2014).

Discussing the nature of the issue, violence against women includes females of all ages, race, and socioeconomic status, who are being violated through acts of physical and sexual violence, as well as psychological abuse. It is not just

Since 1970, there has been an increasing and alarming rise 138 percent of violent crimes committed by women. Still, while the equivalent percentage compared to male violence is small 15 percent to 85 percent the fact that the numbers have elevated so drastically points to something changing in society.

The National Crime Survey (NCS) collects information on crime rates through a six month interval, but there is little information about the psychological impact of the crime and the NCS faults by not giving information on crime six months prior. The NSC does give valuable information about about crimes, over the amount of time that has passed but it the collection does not go in depth. The survey measures saxual assault inadequately, “Koss, Gidycz, and Wisniewski (1987) recently concluded that the actual incident rate for rape is 10 to 15 time higher than NCS estimates” (Kilpatrick). Showing such shattering information allow allegations to come out saying that crime is at a high that is like no other.

Domestic violence against women is prevalent in almost all the societies in the world. It is an issue which was not even recognised as a crime 40 years ago and is still not recognized as a crime by many societies. Women suffer from violence, including physical, sexual, emotional, and psychological violence by strangers and their partners all over the world (Kaya, 2010). Even though it is a worldwide occurrence, there are some women who face more intense and frequent violence depending on their culture, country, religion,