Representation is the way people or events are portrayed in the various media outlets through the use of linguistic devices, the choice of vocabulary, often with the accompanying images. Frequently, the representation relies on the use of stereotypes and cultural bias. The language used in news stories can be used to represent particular groups or cultures which conform to the existing stereotypes – it is a powerful tool by which the attitudes can be constructed, promoted or challenged. People in the news are defined by their gender, race, age, sexuality or religion and therefore can be exposed to discrimination on these grounds. Mostly, the representation of certain groups in the newspapers is implicit – the ideology is concealed and as a …show more content…
The objectified and sexualised portrayal of women in the UK press is a form of discrimination and stereotyping which is unparalleled for men and reinforces gender inequality. Media influence and the extent of the misrepresentation may also impact on the way men view and treat women, as the exposure to sexualised depiction of females may lead to thoughts that women are frivolous sex objects with no valuable contribution to the society. Furthermore, as a consequence of the exposure to sexualised content in the press, men may become more accepting of sexual harassment and oppressive sex role stereotypes (APA, 2007 cited in Eaves et al, 2012). In the Leveson Inquiry, The Sun former editor Dominic Mohan said that “Page Three” is an innocent staple of British life, where daily pictures of topless models celebrate natural beauty and amount to the British institution (The Guardian, 2012). On the other hand, Holland (1998: 24 - 26) argues that the visual presentation of the page has no association with women and focuses on a “masculine insistence on the inalienable right to a lustful gaze” and the smile on woman’s face is an anthology for “an unproblematic agreement between men and women which promises an access to a sexualized body.” The use of the female body as a commodity in the mainstream press raises an ethical issue of undermining women’s position in the society.
Women are sexually exploited in the media. In today’s society if people watch television programs such as Chingy featuring Snoop & Ludacris – Holidae; Charlie's Angels; the Z100 commercial with Britney Spears; or Baywatch they will see that the feminine image is presented differently than the masculine. In these programs men are typically placed in sexual situations fully clothed, while women are presented in provocative clothing or less. The camera will frequently zoom in on body parts to focus on the woman’s buttocks, midriff, and legs. Society is still dominated by men who control what people see. As a result women are increasingly portrayed as sex symbols as a way for a media company to turn
Media enforces the social-cultural standards, which women are required to follow in order to look and behave in a manner that society considers acceptable. Newspapers, commercials, posters, magazines, fliers, reality shows, and cartoons only name a few of our everyday interaction with the media (Scholar, C.2011). However, these standards presented by media send a false perception of women, thus portraying women in a negative and disrespectful manner. Society views woman as mentally, morally, and physically inferior to men, and media is only highlighting this idea (Scholar, C.2011). In fact, media represents women in a stereotypical form of beauty, they display women as sexual objects, and create the illusion that women are ignorant.
Society is okay with the mistreatment of women in the media because it has been seen as an accepted form of communication within the past. Whether it is through sexualizing a female in a Karl’s Junior commercial, or calling Taylor Swift a “slut” for dating men, there is a lack of understanding of why the media is problematic. As society becomes more progressive, it should be expected that the perceptions of females should also change as well. It is completely unfair to criticize someone is such a powerful position because she may have messed up in the past, human beings are not perfect, and they are flawed. Except in this culture, we accept the flaws that males make but make a huge scene whenever a female does something that might not be inherently right. Donald Trump, another contender in the 2016 Election, is seen on multiple instances mocking women for their appearance and completely stripping all females’ attributions when he sexualizes them. If Clinton were too make such crude comments about males to the media, she would be torn apart but because Trump is a white rich male, he holds himself as if nothing can affect him. These double standards are not only problematic because they continue to objectify women, but they are problematic because the feed into the systematic oppression that the United States holds so closely. Of course, I acknowledge
Media influences the minds of those who consume it. Portrayals in media quickly become the norm as the consumers believe the strangest of headlines. Representations in media, specifically television, are subconsciously analyzed and placed into the mindset of the viewer. Racial depictions in television and the lack thereof, for example, influence the perspective of the consumer and portray a false reality. Although the future for more racial diversity in the American television industry looked promising, this white-dominated industry has proven that not much has changed in regards to hiring, including, and depicting more ethnic groups and people of color in entertainment. People of color are given stereotypical roles that presents the race in a negative manner; its depiction on television gives additional credibility to the stereotypes. “””Tokenistic representation hinders the nation's ability to see the reality of diversity in the world by limiting the numbers and types of people that are seen through the
Jean Kilbourne’s Two Ways a Woman Can Get Hurt divulges the multifaceted social watering hole we call the media. Topics in this short essay include the cultural abuse, sexual objectification of women, and the role men play in this stacked deck. There are multiple instances in which the media shames women for being sexual beings or for simply standing up against injustice. A large portion of our society believes it is solely up to the woman to protect herself from the poor choices of men, but it is important to note that a woman cannot rape herself.
The issue of race representation which becomes even more serious and cause for concern at the moment existed in the past until now, specifically the problem of racial bias and racial stereotypes. Well development of the media is one of the significant factors which influences the issue, especially in the medium of news reporting, for example, the newspaper, network and television news, etc. News contributes to transmitting incident information, but the appearance of news misrepresentation and the language in the news will affect the objectivity and the authenticity of the news, which the cause of intensification of the racial stereotypes and bias issues.
Gender roles are reported to be generally defined "as sex-based categories that specify appropriate rules of conduct for males and females in a particular culture or society. Although grounded in biological differences between males and females, gender roles are social constructs. Simply put, based on the anatomical difference between men and women, each is prescribed varying and often stereotypical social roles that are reinforced at the individual level and by larger society." (Women's Health Encyclopedia, 2012) The work of Wood (1994) states that among the various influences on how society views men and women "media are the most pervasive and one of the most powerful." (p.31) Wood additionally states "Woven throughout our daily lives, media insinuate their messages into our consciousness at every turn. All forms of media communicate images of the sexes, many of which perpetuate unrealistic, stereotypical, and limiting perceptions." (1994, p.31)
Women in society feel they are being objectified, and feel as if they are not getting the same respect as men. Through many examples it is shown that not just women, but men are also being objectified. After the realization of men being objectified as well, there is a combination of objectification towards women, and men throughout all forms of media, for the reason of publicity.
A critical gendered lens is addressing the binary structures that people are placed in when they are portrayed in the media. Why is the man the rational voice of reason yet hyper aggressive and the woman is deemed emotional or crazy in every other sense. Women are seen as nothing, but a sexual object, whose sexuality is characterized as far as genuinely obliged thoughts of attractiveness (Markham, 2005). Western accepted cultural naturally unequivocally defined categories of gender with distinctive psychological and behavioral properties prediction from reproductive functions. Division between men and women, men’s work and women’s work, how men and women ought to act is a division perceived by biology (West aand Zimmerman,1987). Structural
In delivering the key message of widespread misrepresentation of women in the media, cutting together a range of cultural evidence taken from music videos, celebrity magazines, news reports and written articles was an effective strategy. Also important was the use of editing within interviews to underline the points being made. This was deployed on various occasions where interviewees would make a statement about general maltreatment of women in culture before it being reinforced by cuts to various forms of negative media representation of women. !
Representation refers to the construction in any media (especially mass media) of aspects of ‘reality’ that can either mirror or subvert societal expectations. They are often based on negative stereotypes allowing the audience to feel secure and familiar. By definition, all media texts are re-presentations of reality. They are intentionally composed, lit, written, framed, cropped, captioned, branded, targeted and censored by their producers, they are entirely artificial versions of the reality perceived in the current world. Every media form, from a home video to a glossy magazine, is a representation of someone's concept of existence, codified into a series of signs and symbols which can be read by an audience. However, it is important to
Professor Susan Grogan (1999) argues that women result in being ‘sufferers’ of a system of oppression as a result of analysing this topic. In comparison to Dorothy Smith (1990), a sociologist, who believes that women to have a large part in interpreting cultural messages. The term femininity is described as a skilful activity to Grogan and women ‘do femininity’ in an active way. Reading fitting materials, such as women's magazines, gave a great insight into ‘being feminine’ as different ways to becoming more attractive were always offered. Smith (1990) shows how women's magazines assume agency in the reader, and how they work by presenting the woman with a specific ideal (in the representation of a ‘perfect’ model body), by advising her on
The myth I will be exploring in this paper, is if the sexualizing of men and women in the media is equal amongst both genders. This topic of media and the sexualizing of men and women is a relevant topic today because the media plays such a large role in almost
Media representations are ways in which a particular group, communities, ideas, topics, and experiences are portrayed (Breach, 2012). Media representations shapes the audience perceptions of experiences from their beliefs about race, gender, class, and their expectations about what is appreciated or accepted in society, and their notions of suburban, urban, and rural life. However, it is vital to know that people are not simply inert beings who consent with all of these representations without questioning. Social scientists argue that scholars are able to resist these representations, resistance that is often specific to adopting stances valued in certain context, particularly if they can parody or adopt creative alternatives to representations. Whether intentional or unintentional, the news and the entertainment media teach the public about other ethnic groups as well as minorities, and societal groups’ such as women, the LGBTQ community. Second, this media program or society has a particularly powerful instructive impact on people who have little contact with members of the direct groups being treated. Media images have the highest impact on perception when the viewers have fewer reality experiences with the topic (race, etc.), meaning what is viewed, read, or heard can be in relation to the real world.
Studies regarding gender roles in media show that the feminine essence tends to be depicted as inferior, with women often being marginalized, disempowered and humiliated through a status that is based on their youth and looks; whilst men tend to be portrayed as superior with higher and longer lasting careers