Chapter 2 Organization Strategy AND Project SELECTION Chapter Outline 1. The strategic management process: An overview 2. Why project managers need to understand organization strategy 3. Four activities of the strategic management process 4. The need for an effective project portfolio management system Problem 1: The Implementation gap Problem 2: Organizational politics Problem 3: Resource conflicts and multitasking 5. A portfolio management system A. Classification of the project B. Selection criteria C. Non-financial criteria 6. Applying a selection model 7. Sources and solicitation of project proposals 8. Ranking proposals and selection of projects A. Managing the portfolio System B. Balancing the portfolio …show more content…
6. Describe an operative system that will prioritize projects by their contribution to the strategic plan. How does this system assist in allocating organizational resources and avoiding overcommitment of resources? How does your system differ from the case study model? A generic project priority system might include the following activities: A. assessing the relative importance of organization objectives B. developing criteria for selecting projects based on the project’s contribution to the organization’s objectives (value added) C. prioritizing projects based on these criteria (and a balance of risk) using a weighting scheme D. allocating resources to these selected projects E. monitoring projects and use of organization resources 7. Why should an organization not rely only on ROI to select projects? Financial criteria, like ROI alone, will not ensure that selected projects contribute to the mission and strategy of a firm. Other considerations such as developing new technology, public image, brand loyalty, ethical position, and maintaining core competencies should be considered. Furthermore, it is difficult or next to impossible to assess ROI for many important projects (e,g., Y2K projects). While ROI is likely to be a key consideration for many organizations, multiple screening criteria are recommended for selecting and prioritizing projects. Exercises 1. You manage a hotel resort located on the
The first project proposal is Match My Doll Clothing line expansion consisted of expanding matching doll and child’s clothing and accessories. The second project proposal is Design Your Own Doll by creating customizable “one of a kind” doll features through the company’s website. The project selection criteria would base on quantitative and qualitative analysis. The quantitative analysis would base on the evaluation of discounting cash flow forecasts to determining the Net Present Value (NPV), Internal Rate of Return (IRR), and the Payback period of each proposed project. The qualitative analysis would include the potential project value of the company’s overall strategy, innovation, key project risks, and the project interdependencies to the whole company.
When choosing between projects with acceptable IRRs, the one with the highest IRR should be chosen.
Develop a decision framework for project portfolio management at XYZ highlighting objectives, constraints, risks involved, alternatives, and information required for analysis.
Create a matrix similar to the one from the your text (Pinto, Figure 7.5 Classifying Project Risk on page 222), making sure that it is consistent with your priority matrix, or use the risk management process in the
Project 1 embedded risk can be assessed by evaluating the market risk, success/failure rate of the project.
First, develop project selection criteria and a high level process for applying the criteria and managing the portfolio. The criteria should be consistent with the business environment for the industry, consistent with your company's overall mission/strategies, and consistent with the mission and strategies of your strategic business unit. You are proposing a process, not individual projects.
The Plan of Action that I would provide to Peters and her team is as follows:
Star Appliance is looking to expand their product line and is considering three different projects: dishwashers, garbage disposals, and trash compactors. We want to determine which project would be worth doing by determining if they will add value to Star. Thus, the project(s) that will add the most value to Star Appliance will be worth pursuing. The current hurdle rate of 10% should be re-evaluated by finding the weighted average cost of capital (WACC). Then by forecasting the cash flows of each project and discounting them by the WACC to find the net present value, or by solving for the internal rate of return, we should be able to see which projects Star should undertake.
In summation, return on investments (ROI) and its historical roots involving the Du Pont system have an extensive history which paved the way for cost accounting, financial accounting, and capital accounting. The (ROI) and (ROE) formulas are prominent in accounting, textbooks, and finance as well as health care professionals who use these formulas. Then, hard and soft benefits of projects vary depending on the for-profit and not-for-profit organization. The soft benefit also known as (qualitative data) is most useful for when a project team wishes to explore the root causes of project success or failure. Overall, hard methods primarily use data collection measure for objective realism. When it comes to softer
The Modified Internal Rate of Return is an underused measure for selection of projects that a company can choose because it is more effective at dealing effectively with periodic free cash flows that develop from the time that an asset is purchased through its life to the point where it is sold, ranking projects and variable rates of return through the project life. The Internal Rate of Return is an inefficient model to make decisions with because it lack the ability to account for the periodic free cash flows, proper ranking and variable returns from certain projects.
As the November Meeting approaches, CFO Doug Scovanner is faced with the problem of choosing which of the five controversial projects available to accept. Our task is to assume this role and evaluate each of the projects based upon two major criteria. The first is determining the firm’s financial motives by quantifying the projected value added to the firm and the risk associated with each project. When determining to accept or reject projects based upon adding value, the most helpful instruments we have are Net Present Value (NPV) and the
Investment decisions companies make today will have a direct impact on their ability to reach financial objectives. Most companies are faced with questions such as: which projects should your company invest in, which returns are needed and what risks are the company willing to take to achieve company goals?
A company the size of the Global Infrastructure Group has many options when considering a project selection process. Any project taken on by the company must align with its goal and corporate strategy. Morris and Jamieson (2004) and Dey (2006) argue that project portfolio management is a “bridge between strategy and operation” and enables organizations to transform the organization's vision into realities or successfully implement their corporate strategies (Khalili-Damghani & Tavana, 2014). In project selection, the company’s senior managers must establish strategic intent. Strategic intent will contain the company’s objectives and should result in a strategy map. Goals should be clear, realistic and measurable. Goals should also have an end state e.g. President Kennedy established a goal of landing a man on the moon within a decade. The Global Infrastructure Group’s senior managers should be leading by establishing a clear strategy and obtainable goals to get all projects focused on meeting these goals by aligning to the organization’s strategy. Once strategy and goals are defined, those involved in the project selection process should consider how the proposed project will align with the goals and strategy. Factors they should consider
This case study analyzed five different projects Target Corporation had to decide on capital spent for which project created the most value and the most growth for the company and its shareholders. By analyzing the financial statements and exhibits of each project, I was able to determine the positives and negatives of each of these alternatives. The alternatives were Gopher Place, Whalen Court, The Barn, Goldie’s Square, or Stadium Remodel.
Without the ability to rank the projects based off of cash flows solely, we had to use some analytical criteria as a capital budgeting analyst to provide some thorough support and reasoning for how we ranked the four best projects. In this case we are only using quantitative considerations that we deem to be relevant and no other project characteristics are deciding factors in our selection of the best four projects. When coming up with our calculations to rank