surface water sampling methodology

“The pH of a solution is a measure of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions in the solution and as such is a measure of the acidity or basicity (sic) of the solution. The letters pH stand for power of hydrogen and the numerical value defined as the negative base 10 logarithm of the molar concentration of hydrogen ions.” (PH, 2002). The pH scale is from 0 to 14. When the pH is higher, the hydrogen ions are fewer and the substance considered alkaline. This means when a pH unit increases by one, there is a tenfold change in the hydrogen ion. For example, if a substance has a 7 pH, it has 10 times as many as hydrogen ions available as 8 pH. A lake having a water pH between 6.5 and 8.5 is considered to be neutral. Researchers tested Peckham Park lake water monthly from August 2015 to April 2016 for water pH levels. A water quality PH test strip taken from a jar and dipped into the lake. After a few minutes, the strip will turn a color and this color determines the pH. The jar the strips came in has a chart of the colors on the back which compared to the color on the strip. The lake tested monthly using the PH test strips, which show the pH level, hardness, toxic, etc. using color-change

Introduction: pH is also known as a measure of hydrogen ions in a solution. A hydrogen ion is the nucleus of a hydrogen atom being split from its electron. Studying the pH of different types of soil being placed in a control group such as tap water will represent the acidity or alkalinity of the matter. The pH scale begins at 0 and goes all the way up to 14, pH 7 being its neutral point, which isn’t acidic or basic. A neutral point on the acidic scale is in the middle, anything lower than the neutral point (7), is acidic, and anything higher than the neutral point is considered basic or “alkaline”.

Finding the concentration of an unknown sample of copper sulphate using colorimetry. In this task the concentration of an unknown sample of copper sulphate using colorimetry was used to find the concentration. In this investigation copper sulphate was used which is CuSO4.5H20 as a formula. To make a standard solution

Risk assessments are vital to be included within a laboratory setting as it involves evaluating the potential risks which may be involved when completing an experiment or activity. The employer must be aware that risks which someone is exposed to at work must be reduced by them responsibly implementing

13B – Distribution and constituents of fluids P3: Distribution and constituents of body fluids – M2: Explain functions of the constituents of body fluids - Constituents of body fluid - The human body consists mostly of water, and is a major constituent to the human body and vital organs; of

10. A pH scale describes the degree of acidity or alkalinity of a substance. 0 to 6.9 indicates an acidic solution, 7.1 to 14 indicates an alkaline solution, and 7 indicates a neutral solution.

An acid is a substance which has an excess of H+ ions. Common characteristics of acids include tasting sour and reacting strongly with metals. The acid used in this lab was Hydrochloric Acid (HCl). A base is

Lab 1 – Introduction to Science Exercise 1: The Scientific Method Dissolved oxygen is oxygen that is trapped in a fluid, such as water. Since many living organisms require oxygen to survive, it is a necessary component of water systems such as streams, lakes, and rivers in order to support aquatic life.

The group placed it in the comparator after mixing and also hold it up to the sun. We rotated the disc to obtained color match and then multiplied the reading by 4.4. Observations drawings about both pounds were made throughout the sampling period, and through Professor Bowler. Salinities and Conductances were taken by the Professor and were given to us at a later time. Afterward, we also collected 5lb of water in a bucket from the ponds and pour it through a net to see if we can find anything. In Pond 5 we only fond a pebble and we found nothing in Pond

Regularly checking the stopwatch and correctly produces the Also the top pan balance should be carefully wiped between readings to ensure that copper sulphate solution, water or any other substance is not left on the balance from previous readings as this will affect the reading.

Procedure & Material : Material : •Bottle of water •Box of toothpicks •Dish soap •Pair of scissors •Roll of paper towels •Kitchen Sink •White Vinegar •Two graduated pipets •Pair of gloves •Safety goggles •pH test strips •Short stem pipet •Test Tube cleaning brush •24 well plate 13. Dip the end of the ph Strip into well A1 to get the ph value and label in Data Table 1.

What COSHH Requires Complying with COSHH will involve: · An assessment of the risks to health arising from the use of hazardous substances at work and deciding what precautions are needed,

3. Measure out approximately three to five scoops of solid sodium hydroxide and record the mass to your data table.

Determining Mass and DensityPart A: Mass of nickel Weighing boat, nickel, a pair of forceps and chem-wipe paper were used tocarry out the experiment. Our equipment for this experiment was moved to an electronic balance inthe lab. Once the nickel was cleaned with a chem-wipe paper, it was transported intothe