.What would happen in the Krebs cycle with the loss of activity of phosphoglycerate kinase? What would happen in glycolysis?
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- In the table below, choose the appropriate metabolic processes for each scenario: Metabolic Processes Process that Occurs in RBCs Process that Occurs Only in Liver Glycolysis A A Gluconeogenesis B B Beta Oxidation C C Ketogenesis D D Ketolysis E E Urea Formation F F Glyconeogenesis G G1. Glycolysis & Gluconeogenesisa) a)Write the overall net reaction for glycolysis. b) Write the overall netreaction for gluconeogenesis. c) What is the energy cost (assume ATP≡GTP) of transforming glucose to twopyruvate and back to glucose? d) What enzymes of glycolysis are bypassed in gluconeogenesis? e) What enzymes are unique to gluconeogenesis? f) What enzymes are the sites of regulation in gluconeogenesis? g) Describe how glycolysis & gluconeogenesis are reciprocally regulated.1.What are the net products after one molecule of Glucose goes through the process of Glycolysis ? Answer should include the product name and Net products ' means that if a molecule was consumed during the process that should be subtracted from the final number . 2. Distinguish between fat- and water-soluble vitamins, and list the vitamins in ea group. 3. A molecule of Glucose has just gone through Glycolysis and been converted into Pyruvic Acid. Explain what will happen to Pyruvic Acid if oxygen is not present in sufficient quantities to continue with the path through the electron transport system .
- Bypass I of gluconeogenesis requires a source of energy. This energy comes from: a oxidation of the metabolite b 6 ATP c 2 ATP d 1 ATP + 1 NADHWhy Fumarase called deficiency? What are the probable cause? Explain.C. ENZYME ACTION: SALIVARY AMYLASE. Identify what is described below: 1. Substrate of amylase 2. Reaction catalyzed by amylase 3. product of reaction catalyzed by amylase 4. pH at which amylase is most active 5. Indicator used to monitor the activity of amylase
- 7. Which of the following statements about gluconeogenesis is CORRECT? Select one: a. Glucose-6-phosphatase hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate to release glucose into the blood. b. Glucose-6-phosphatase hydrolyzes glucose 6-phosphate and is found in liver and muscle. c. Fructose-1,6-biphosphatase converts fructose-1,6-bisphosphate into fructose-1-phosphate. d. Pyruvate is first converted to phosphoenolpyruvate by phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase.Indicate what will happen ( increase, decrease or no effect) tothe activity of the enzyme or rate of the metabolic pathway in the given conditions a. release of glucagon in the blood to the activity of carnitine acyl transferase 1 b. high malonyl CoA to the activity of carnitine acyl transferase I C. Epinephrine to the activity og glycogen synthase d. high citrate to the activity of acetyl CoA carboxylase e. high acetyl CoA to ketogenesis2a) Which of the following statements about pyruvate oxidation IS TRUE? a. NADH is oxidized in the process b. Four carbon dioxide molecules are released in the process c. The process takes place in the cytoplasm d. There is substrate level phosphorylation during the process e. Two pyruvate molecules are oxidized to two acetyl Co-A molecules. 2b) When there is sufficient oxygen, _____ ATP molecules can be made (theoretically) by cellular respiration. However, when oxygen is lacking, only _____ ATP molecules are made a. 32,2 b. 36,2 c. 30,4 d. 36,6 e. 46,2 2c) In the electron transport chain of cellular respiration: a. oxygen has the weakest pull on electrons b. NADH and FADH2 transfer phosphates in the inner mitochondrial membrane c. the energy that is released moves electrons from the matrix to the intermembrane space d. electrons move from protein to protein due to increasing electronegativity e. water oxidizes the last component of the chain. 2d) Which of the…
- Consider the following statements: (1) the products of the first two stages of cholesterol biosynthesis are, respectively, mevalonate (C6) and isopentyl pyrophosphate (2) Over 90 percent of the total dietary lipids are triaglycerols (3) The activation stages of fatty acid oxidation involves both CoA & ATP Choices: a. Only one of the statements is true b. All three statements are true c. Two of the three statements are true d. None of the statements are trueB. What stage does the reaction occur? CHOICES: (Stage 1: Digestionand Hydrolysis) , ( Stage 2: Degradationand Oxidation) , (Stage 3: Energy Generation) Conversion of amino acid to keto acid Aspartate to fumarate Valine to succinyl CoA Activity on peptide bond cleavage Protein to large polypeptides Activation of zymogens Pyruvate to oxaloacetate Interchange of amino group Participation of coenzyme linked to Vit. B6 Production of glutamate1. State if true or false a. Gluconeogenesis is the exact opposite of the glycolytic pathway b. The end-product of glycolysis is Acetyl CoA c. There is no enzyme being secreted in the stomach for carbohydrate digestion d.Glycerol 3-phosphate shuttle, which is active in skeletal muscles and in the brain, bypasses Complex I and II of ETC resulting to less energy produced compared to malate-aspartate shuttle. e. Insoluble NSP has high water holding capacity and will increase the intestinal transit time of digesta.
