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1. The phosphorylation of glucose with HPO42- forms glucose 1-phosphate and water and requires 5.0kcal/mol of energy.
a. Write the equation for this reaction.
b. This unfavorable reaction can be driven by the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP. Write the equation for the coupled reaction.
c. Calculate the energy change for coupled reaction
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- The standard free energy variation of the ATP hydrolysis reaction is ΔGº’ = -30.5 kJ / mol ATP + H2O ⇄ ADP + Pi In red blood cells, when the concentration of Pi is 1.6 mM, the real change in energy free is ΔG = - 50'2 kJ / mol. a) Calculate under these conditions what is the ratio [ATP] / [ADP] in the red blood cells. b) Determine the equilibrium constant K 'of the reaction outlined above. c) If the ADP concentration were 0.2mM, what would be the effective concentration of ATP corresponding to equilibrium.a. Use the values in Problem 23.31 to calculate the energy change in the following reaction. fructose 1,6-bisphosphate + ADP--------> fructose 6-phosphate + ATP b. Is this reaction energetically favorable or unfavorable? c. Write this reaction using curved arrow symbolism. d. Can this reaction be used to synthesize ATP from ADP? Explain.A camel hump contains 12 kg of triacylgylcerols. (a) Given that there are 0.491 moles of ATP per gram of fat, how many moles of ATP could be produced by the fat in the camel hump?(b) If the hydrolysis of ATP releases 7.3 kcal/mole, how many kilocalories are produced by the utilization of the fat?
- The phosphorylation of glucose to glucose 1-phosphate requires 5.0 kcal/mol of energy. This unfavorable reaction can be driven by the hydrolysis of ATP to ADP. (a) Write the equation for the coupled reaction. (b) How much energy is released in the coupled reaction? glucose + HPO4---------->2– glucose 1-phosphate + H2OIn the reaction ATP + glucose → ADP + glucose-6-phosphate, ΔG° is -16.7 kJ/mol. Assume that both ATP and ADP have a concentration of 1 M and T = 25°C. What ratio of glucose-6- phosphate to glucose would allow the reverse reaction to occur?A) Is this reaction ( in picture provided) in equilibrium? B) If it is not then ,what is ∆G' at 25°C if the concentration of Glucose-1-phosphate is 15.04µM and the concentration of Glucose-6-phosphate is 1.62 mM? Answer in Joules. Round to the correct number of significant figures. (There are 103 µM in 1mM.) Thank you so Much!!!
- DCCD (diocyclohexylcarbodiimide) inhibits oxidative phosphorylation when the substrate is mitochondrial NADH. DCCD is a drug that binds to ATP synthase and blocks proton transport through the ion channel. a) Explain what the consequences of DCCD on cellular energy production are. b) Suggest at least one other cellular effect of DCCD and explain this effect.1. A cell in an active catabolic steady state state needs to maintain A. a high cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a high cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio. B. a high cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a low cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio. C. a low cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a low cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio. D. a low cytosolic (ATP/ADP) and a high cytosolic (NADH/NAD+) ratio.If the Go for ATP hydrolysis into ADP + inorganic phosphate is 7.3 kcal/mole, and the Go for glutamine synthesis from glutamic acid and NH3 is +3.4 kcal/mole, calculate the average Go for coupling these two reactions (glutamic acid + NH3 + ATP glutamine + ADP + inorganic phosphate
- In living cells, one mole of glucose undergoes a complete oxidation.(a). How many moles of ATP equivalents can be produced when one mole ofglucose is completely oxidized?(b). Indicate at which reaction steps are the ATP equivalents produced,directly or indirectly.Discuss the relationship between redox potentials E0’ and the organization of the components of the electron transport chain. Be specific, i.e., use data/actual values to back up your discussion. a) What are the values of E0’ for all the components of the ETS? b)How are the E0’ related to ∆G values? c) How do the values of E0’ vary among the participants in the ETS relative to their position in the ETS?Activation energy (a) Draw a general energy diagram for a chemical reactionproceeding from reactants to products. (b) Indicate on your plot the Transition State withX-double dagger. (c) Add the energy profile for the reaction as catalyzed by an enzyme.(d) Indicate the energy of interactions with the enzyme that stabilize the transition state.