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- If X1, X2, ... , Xn constitute a random sample from anormal population with μ = 0, show that ni=1X2inis an unbiased estimator of σ2.Suppose that the makers of Duracell batteries want to demonstrate that their size AAbattery lasts an average of at least 45 minutes longer than Duracell’s main competitor,the Energizer. Two independent random samples of 100 batteries of each kind areselected, and the batteries are run continuously until they are no longer operational. Thesample average life for Duracell is found to be 308 minutes. The result for the Energizerbatteries is 254 minutes. Assume the entire AA batteries standard deviation 84 minutesand Duracell batteries 67 minutes. Is there evidence to substantiate Duracell’s claim thatits batteries last, on average, at least 45 minutes longer than Energizer batteries of thesame size? (assuming equal population variances)Suppose our population is made up of the 12 individuals whose monthly INCOME: 40, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, 49, 50, 51 Solve for (MU) and (SIGMA) for the variable income. Do not convert to thousands to simplify our calculations. Do not round off the parameters. If our sample size is 2, how many unique samples can be derived from this population?
- The germination rate of seeds is defined as the proportion of seeds that, when properly planted and watered, sprout and grow. A certain variety of grass seed usually has a germination rate of 0.80, and a company wants to see if spraying the seeds with a chemical that is known to change germination rates in other species will change the germination rate of this grass species. (a) Suppose the company plans to spray a random sample of 400 seeds and conduct a two-sided test of 0: 0.8Hpusing = 0.05. They determine that the power of this test against the alternative 0.75pis 0.69. Interpret the power of this test.(b) Describe two ways the company can increase the power of the test. What is a disadvantage of each of these ways? (c) The company researchers spray 400 seeds with the chemical and 307 of the seeds germinate. This produces a 95% confidence interval for the proportion of seeds that germinate of (0.726, 0.809). Use this confidence interval to determine whether the test described in…Suppose x has a distribution with μ = 84 and σ = 8. (a) If random samples of size n = 16 are selected, can we say anything about the x distribution of sample means? Yes, the x distribution is normal with mean μ x = 84 and σ x = 2.Yes, the x distribution is normal with mean μ x = 84 and σ x = 0.5. Yes, the x distribution is normal with mean μ x = 84 and σ x = 8.No, the sample size is too small. (b) If the original x distribution is normal, can we say anything about the x distribution of random samples of size 16? Yes, the x distribution is normal with mean μ x = 84 and σ x = 2.Yes, the x distribution is normal with mean μ x = 84 and σ x = 0.5. Yes, the x distribution is normal with mean μ x = 84 and σ x = 8.No, the sample size is too small. Find P(80 ≤ x ≤ 85). (Round your answer to four decimal places.)Two different types of injection-moulding machines are used to form plastic parts. A part is considered defective if it has excessive shrinkage or is discoloured. Two random samples, each of size 300, are selected, and 13 defective parts are found in the sample from machine 1, and 8 defective parts are found in the sample from machine 2. Is it reasonable to conclude that both machines produce the same fraction of defective parts, using α = 0.05, find the value of zcalc? Please report your answer upto 2 decimal places.
- Suppose X and Y are two random variables with covariance Cov(X, Y) = 3 and Var(X) = 16. Find the correlation coefficient between X and Y.Suppose a researcher is interested in the relationship between periodontal disease and a number of negative health outcomes. One outcome of particular interest to the researcher is hypertension (assume defined as systolic blood pressure above 140 mmHG). Suppose a team gathers a SRS of 348 participants with periodontal disease, and finds the sample average systolic blood pressure to be 157 mmHG. A) Using an assumed σ=16 mmHG, conduct a 1 sample Z test to determine if there is a relationship between periodontal disease and hypertension in this population. (Use α=0.05)If mu and sigma are the process mean and sd then the control limits mu+or- 3sigma are know as
- A physician wants to test if temperature has an effect on heart rate. In order to do this, she compares the heart rate in beats per minute of several random volunteers after a period of time in a room with a temperature of 50∘F and after a period of time in a room with a temperature of 75∘F. Suppose that data were collected for a random sample of 11 volunteers, where each difference is calculated by subtracting the heart rate in beats per minute in the 50∘F room from the heart rate in beats per minute in the 75∘F room. Assume that the populations are normally distributed. The test statistic is t≈5.627, α=0.05, the corresponding rejection regions are t<−2.228 and t>2.228, the null hypothesis is H0:μd=0, and the alternative hypothesis is Ha:μd≠0. Which of the following statements are accurate for this hypothesis test in order to evaluate the claim that the true mean difference between the heart rate in the 75∘F room and the heart rate in the 50∘F room is significantly not equal to…A physician wants to test if temperature has an effect on heart rate. In order to do this, she compares the heart rates in beats per minute of several random volunteers after a period of time in a room with a temperature of 50∘F and after a period of time in a room with a temperature of 75∘F. Suppose that data were collected for a random sample of 11 volunteers, where each difference is calculated by subtracting the heart rate in beats per minute in the 50∘F room from the heart rate in beats per minute in the 75∘F room. Assume that the populations are normally distributed. The physician uses the alternative hypothesis Ha:μd≠0. Suppose the test statistic t is computed as t≈5.627, which has 10 degrees of freedom. What range contains the p-value?To examine the relationship between alcohol consumption and birth weight, a researcher selects a sample of n = 20 pregnant rats and mixes alcohol with their food for 2 weeks before the pups are born. One newborn pup is randomly selected from each subject’s litter and the average with weight for the n = 20 pups is recorded. It is known that the average birth weight for regular rats (without exposure to alcohol) is μ = 5.6 grams. What type of test would you use to test the hypothesis that alcohol consumption during pregnancy reduces birth weights? Would you use a one-tailed or two-tailed test? What would be an appropriate measure of effect size to report?