1.4) You use RM40,000 of your own money to start a catering business. During the first year you earn a 5% return on that investment. If the current interest rate on savings is 8%, you earn an economic profit of Working Calculation:
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- W7 Q5 A paper published in the Harvard Business Review points out a new way to calculate economic profit that could be more appropriate for service firms and other people-intensive companies. Instead of focusing on investment and return on investment, the focus is on employee productivity, in terms of both generating revenues and reducing costs. The approach is to first determine economic profit in the conventional way, except that we ignore taxes, so that economic profit is before tax, as follows: Economic profit = Operating profit − Capital charge Assume the following information for a hotel chain that wishes to adopt the new method. The firm has $100 million in operating profit, has $1 billion in investment, and uses a cost of capital rate of 5%, so the capital charge is $50 million and the economic profit is $50 million. Relevant calculations are contained in Part 1 of the following schedule: Part 1: Economic Profit (in thousands, except cost of capital rate) Revenue…Semi-Salt Industries began its operation in 1975 and remains the only firm in the world that produces and sells commercial-grade polyglutamate. While virtually anyone with a degree in college chemistry could replicate the firm’s formula, due to the relatively high cost, Semi-Salt has decided not to apply for a patent. Despite the absence of patent protection, Semi-Salt has averaged accounting profits of 5.5 percent on investment since it began producing polyglutamate—a rate comparable to the average rate of interest that large banks paid on deposits over this period. Do you think Semi-Salt is earning monopoly profits? Why?5d What is the relationship between accounting profit and economic profit? Which is relevant for a firm’s decision to continue production and why? Give examples as to what may cause a divergence between accounting and economic profit
- Complete the following table by calculating the contribution to profit and overhead for each of the 10 time periods and prices. Time Period Price Quantity Sold Total Contribution ($) (Million) ($ Million) 1 2,400 0.2 2 2,200 0.2 3 2,000 0.2 4 1,800 0.2 5 1,700 0.2 6 1,600 0.2 7 1,500 0.2 8 1,400 0.2 9 1,300 0.2 10 1,200 0.2 Over the 10 periods, the total contribution to profits and fixed costs from price skimming is million.Your aunt is thinking about opening a hardware store. She estimates that it would cost $500,000 per year to rent the location and buy the stock. In addition, she would have to quit her $50,000 per year job as an accountant. Your aunt’s opportunity costs comprise * If your aunt thought she could sell $510,000 worth of merchandise in a year, what is your aunt’s accounting profit? *$10,000-$40,000$460,000$0Given the above situation, what is your aunt’s economic profit? *$10,000-$40,000$460,000$0What are the “Dorfman-Steiner” conditions? Could you derive the formula?(Hint: You may need to look online for this answer if it is not covered in class. Write down a revenue function and take derivative.).
- Modified True or False: State whether each statement is true or false. If the statement is false, briefly explain why it is so, and then restate it to make it true. Zero economic profit implies zero accounting profit.You quit your job as an analyst making $50,000. You then take your $500,000 in savings and open a Mighty Taco restaurant. You work roughly the same hours as before and make $60,000 per year from the restaurant. Assume the interest rate on government treasury notes is 5%. Calculate the economic profit or loss from your move in year 1. (Include a negative sign if it’s a loss)Enter as a value.1.During a year of operation, a firm collects $5,000,000 (TR) in revenue and spends $3,500,000 (EXPLICIT) on labor expense, raw materials, rent, and utilities. The firm’s owner has provided $1,000,000 of her own money instead of investing the money and earning a 12 percent annual rate of return. Show your work. a. The explicit costs of the firm are $_________. The implicit costs are $_________. Total economic cost is $__________. b. The firm earns accounting profit of $________. The firm’s economic profit is $_________.
- The timber rights to a tract of forest can be purchased for $250,000. The harvesting agreement would allow 25% of the timber to be cut in each of the first, second, fourth, and fifth years. The purchaser of the timber rights would be required to replant, at its expense, the logged areas in Years 3 and 6. Arrowsmith Lumber calculates that its profit in each of the four cutting years would be $90,000 and that the cost of replanting the harvested areas in each of Years 3 and 6 would be $30,000.a) Should Arrowsmith Lumber buy the timber rights if its cost of capital is 5.5%?b) By what amount would the economic value of Arrowsmith Lumber be increased or decreased if it proceeded with purchasing the timber rights for $250,000?The sole proprietor of the "Books and More" bookstore receives all accounting profits earned by her firm and a $28,000-a-yearsalary she pays herself. She has a standing salary offer of $35,000 a year if she agrees to work for a large corporation. If she had invested her capital outside her own company, she estimates that would have returned $22,000 a year. Last year, her accounting profit was $50,000. What was her economic profit?2. A man is considering investing P500, 000 to open a semi-automatic auto-washingbusiness in a city of 400, 000 population. The equipment can wash, on the average, 12 carsper hour, using two men to operate it and to do small amount of hand work. The man plansto hire two men, in addition to himself, and operate the station on an 8-hour basis, 6 daysper week, 50 weeks per year. He will pay his employees P25. 00 per hour. He expects tocharge P25. 00 for a car wash. Out-of-pocket miscellaneous cost would be P8, 500 permonth.He would pay his employees for 2 weeks for vacations each year. Because of the length ofhis lease, he must write off his investment within 5 years. His capital now is earning 15%,and he is employed at a steady job that pays P25, 000 per month. He desires a rate ofreturn of at least 20% on his investment. Would you recommend the investment?a) Use ROR method b) Use present worth method c) Use future worth method d) Solve for the payback period and the IRR
