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Mathematics of Data Management, Analyzing One and Two Variable Data
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- 7.Suppose that sales staff with more years on the job tend to have greater sales due to their additional experience. Also, suppose that greater bonus rewards are awarded to those sales staff who have the greatest sales. Which of the following is true? a.There is an association between years worked and bonus amount, with those workers with greater years worked receiving greater bonus amounts. b.There is a causal relationship between years worked and bonus amount because the company bases the bonus decisions on the amount of experience. c.Both of the above. d.Neither of the above.2. A leading researcher in the study of interstate highway accidents proposes that a major cause of many collisions on the interstates is not the speed of the vehicles but rather the difference in speeds of the vehicles. When some vehicles are traveling slowly while other vehicles are traveling at speeds greatly in excess of the speed limit, the faster-moving vehicles may have to change lanes quickly, which can increase the chance of an accident. Thus, when there is a large variation in the speeds of the vehicles in a given location on the interstate, there may be a larger number of accidents than when the traffic is moving at a more uniform speed. The researcher believes that when the standard deviation in speed of vehicles exceeds 10 mph, the rate of accidents is greatly increased. During a 1-hour period of time, a random sample of 50 vehicles is selected from a section of an interstate known to have a high rate of accidents, and their speeds are recorded using a radar gun. The data…7.6 A leading researcher in the study of interstate highway accidents proposes that a major cause of many collisions on the interstates is not the speed of the vehicles but rather the difference in speeds of the vehicles. When some vehicles are traveling slowly while other vehicles are traveling at speeds greatly in excess of the speed limit, the faster-moving vehicles may have to change lanes quickly, which can increase the chance of an accident. Thus, when there is a large variation in the speeds of the vehicles in a given location on the interstate, there may be a larger number of accidents than when the traffic is moving at a more uniform speed. The researcher believes that when the standard deviation in speed of vehicles exceeds 10 mph, the rate of accidents is greatly increased. During a 1-hour period of time, a random sample of 50 vehicles is selected from a section of an interstate known to have a high rate of accidents, and their speeds are recorded using a radar gun. The data…
- 1. Suppose that two students, A and B, are both 29 years old but A is a female whereas B is a male, A is single while B is married. Both had an income of 4500 cedis when in the university and both have health inventory score of 21. Student A had two kids while in the university whereas student B had 4 kids. Both scored 16 on life satisfaction inventories as well as 23 on socioeconomic status of parents. Student A was a smoker but B was not. A scored 7 while B scored 12 on spirituality inventory. Both finished the university program but whiles a was earning 9000 Ghana cedis seven years after university, B was earning 6800. What is the predicted difference in the life satisfaction score of these two student seven years after university? 2. How much higher is the life satisfaction score predicted to be if the score on spirituality inventory rises by 25? 3. Which one of the pairs of variables selected to be multicollinear may be deleted from the regression and why? 4. Interpret the…1. Suppose that two students, A and B, are both 29 years old but A is a female whereas B is a male, A is single while B is married. Both had an income of 4500 cedis when in the university and both have health inventory score of 21. Student A had two kids while in the university whereas student B had 4 kids. Both scored 16 on life satisfaction inventories as well as 23 on socioeconomic status of parents. Student A was a smoker but B was not. A scored 7 while B scored 12 on spirituality inventory. Both finished the university program but whiles a was earning 9000 Ghana cedis seven years after university, B was earning 6800. What is the predicted difference in the life satisfaction score of these two student seven years after university? 2. How much higher is the life satisfaction score predicted to be if the score on spirituality inventory rises by 25? 3. Which one of the pairs of variables selected to be multicollinear may be deleted from the regression and why? 4. Interpret the…2 A researcher hypothesizes that individuals with better childhood finances will have a higher life satisfaction. She also hypothesizes that individuals with better childhood finances will have better financial satisfaction as adults. Finally, she believes that people with better financial satisfaction as adults will have better life satisfaction as adults. Sketch out a diagram of this conceptual model to support her argument, including “+” or “-” to indicate the direction of relationships. Indicate which variable is a mediator, and also indicate whether we are hypothesizing a positive or negative indirect effect
- Kentville, a community of 10,000 people, resides next to a krypton mine, and there is a concern that the emission from the krypton smelter have resulted in adverse effects. Specifically, Kryptonosis seems to have killed 12 of Kentville’s inhabitants last year. A neighboring community, Lanesburg, has 25,000 inhabitants and is far enough from the smelter to not be affected by the emission. In Lanesburg, only three people last year died of Kryptonosis. Given that the number of deaths in Kentville and their causes last year were: Heart attack=7 Accidents=4 Kryptonosis=12 Other=6 What is the risk of dying of Kryptonosis in Kentville relative to non-contaminated locality?What is the risk of dying of Kryptonosis in Kentville relative to deaths due to other causes? How many times the chance of dying of Kryptonosis compared to dying of accidents ? How many times the chance of dying of Kryptonosis compared to Other causes?Economists, Angrist and Lavy (1999) exploited an 800 year-old rule regarding classroom size to estimate the causal effect of smaller classes on student achievement. The rule, made famous by 12th century scholar Maimonides, states that one teacher is sufficient to manage a class with up to 40 students. Classes with more than 40 students will require 2 teachers. Angrist and Lavy noticed that strict application of this rule in certain areas meant that if 80 students were enrolled in a school, then the school would divide them up into two groups of 40 students per teacher. If 81 students were enrolled, however, they would be placed in three classes of 27 students each. The rule thus generated sharp discontinuities in class sizes within schools, which, the authors argue, allow them to provide causal evidence of a boost in fifth grade math and reading scores as a result of smaller class size. a. What research design is implied by the authors’ use of Maimonides’ rule to estimate the causal…5. Suppose a quarterback’s completion percentage for the season is 67.2%. Based on relative frequency, is it more likely that he will complete his next two passes or that at least one ofthem will be incomplete?
