14 Assume a program requires the execution of 50 x 106 FP instructions, 10 x 106 INT instructions, 80 x 106 L/S instructions, and 16 x 106 branch structions. The CPI for each type of instruction is 1, 1, 4, and 2, respectively. ssume that the processor has a 2 GHz clock rate. 14.1 (10] <$1.10> By how much must we improve the CPI of FP instructions if e want the program to run two times faster? .14.2 [10] <$1.10> By how much must we improve the CPI of L/S instructions
Q: 3-Assume a program requires the execution of 50 × 106 FP instructions, 110 x 106 INT instructions,…
A: the answer is......
Q: B. For data type double, what lower bound on the CPE is determined by the critical path? C. Assuming…
A: The solution for the above given question is given below:
Q: Assume that the instrctions of a processor P can be divided into four classes according to their…
A: 1) Global CPI = Ci*Fi = 0.1*4+0.2*2+0.5*1+0.2*3 = 0.4+0.4+0.5+0.6 = 1.9
Q: Problem 1.8 The following code segment, consisting of six instructions, needs to be executed 64…
A: According to the information given:- We have to follow the instruction in order to calculate the…
Q: Suppose that the following clock cycles per instruction, and frequencies of usage by a particular…
A: Average CPI = 0.3*5 + 0.1*2 + 0.2*4 +0.4*3 = 3.7 CPU Execution time = Number of Instruction* Average…
Q: 2- Draw memory and microprocessor contents before and after execution the following instruction: MOV…
A: Given: We are given a microprocessor instruction below: Goal: We have to find the contents of…
Q: 4.9 In this exercise, we examine how data dependences affect execution in the basic 5-stage pipeline…
A: 4.9.1 INSTRUCTION SEQUENCE DEPENDENCES I1: or r1, r2, r3 RAW on R1 from I1 to I2 and I3 I2:…
Q: 1.14 Assume a program requires the execution of 50 x 106 FP instructions, 110 x 106 INT…
A: Time = [(Instructions x CPI) / Clock Rate]Time = (50 x 1 + 110 x 1 + 80 x 4 + 16 x 2 ) x 106 / 2 x…
Q: Assume the following distribution of instructions for a given program: Arithmetic Store Load Branch…
A: Given: Goal:
Q: Another pitfall cited in Section 1.10 is expecting to improve the overall performance of a computer…
A: The CPU total time = 250s Floating point instruction execution time = 70s L/S instruction execution…
Q: Assume for a given processor the CPI of arithmetic instructions is 1, the CPI of load/store…
A: Assume for a given processor the CPI of arithmetic instructions is 1, the CPI of load/store…
Q: Problem 1.8 The following code segment, consisting of six instructions, needs to b executed 64 times…
A: According to the information given:- We have to follow the instruction in order to calculate the…
Q: 3-Assume a program requires the execution of 60*10^6 FP instructions, 120 × 10^6 INT instructions,…
A: Solution is given below:-
Q: Consider the following code segment: li $s0,0 li $s1,0 li $t0, 16 loop: lw $s2, vals($s0) add…
A: This code is MIPS assembly low level code , first of all you need to see that what is MIPS code…
Q: 1.14 Assume a program requires the execution of 50 x 106 FP instructions, 110 x 106 INT…
A: The answer is...
Q: Problem 1 jt"¡1, The following program is run on a machine where memory reference instructions take…
A: Arithmetic instruction Arithmetic instructions are those that carry out common arithmetic operations…
Q: 3-Assume a program requires the execution of 50 × 106 FP instructions, 110 × 106 INT instructions,…
A: the answer is....
Q: 1.14.2 [10] By how much must we improve the CPI of L/S instructions if we want the program to run…
A: The answer is
Q: In the following, we have a code fragment of LEGV8 assembly: STUR X16, [X6, #12] LDUR X16, [X6, #8]…
A: The Answer is
Q: Problem 1.8 The following code segment, consisting of six instructions, needs to be executed 64…
A:
Q: Assume for a given processor the CPI of arithmetic instructions is 1, the CPI of load/store…
A: Hence, It is NOT a good choice. I Type I Count (M) CPI Cycles Arithmetic 375 1 375…
Q: Problem 1.8 The following code segment, consisting of six instructions, needs to be executed 64…
A: Given, The following instruction code segment contains the following number of instructions for each…
Q: PROBLEM-3: Consider the following code fragment to be executed inanstage pipeline machine resolved…
A: Answer: Our instruction is answer the first three part from the first part and . I have given…
Q: Q3 Consider a swapping system in which main memory contains the following hole sizes in memory…
A: best fit is nothing but which finds the block near to the best actual size needed.
Q: 1.14 Assume a program requires the execution of 50 x 106 FP instructions, 110 x 106 INT…
A: 1.14.1
Q: 4.3 Consider the following instruction mix: R-type I-Type LDUR STUR CBZ B 24% 28% 25% 10% 11% 2% 1.…
A: Introduction A piece of electronic information stockpiling gadget incorporated into the recording…
Q: 1.14 Assume a program requires the execution of 50 x 106 FP instructions, 110 x 106 INT…
A: The answer is...
Q: 10. Consider the following code: .386 .model flat, stdcall .stack 4096 ExitProcess PROTO,…
A: the solution is given below :
Q: Q2. A. Define the content of registers and/or Memory location after executing each instruction in a…
A: 1)Mov Ax, 33 H P. A= DS × 10H + [33H] = 200H × 10H +33H = 2000H +33H P. A…
Q: 9. Consider a machine with three instruction classes and CPI measurements as follows: Instruction…
A: - Given in the question is the instruction measures and few code sequence, we need to determine…
Q: 3-Assume a program requires the execution of 50 × 106 FP instructions, 110 × 106 INT instructions,…
A: The answer is...
Q: What is result of executing the following instruction sequence? MOV BX, 100H MOV [ BX], 0C0ABH MOV…
A: Answer:
Q: Problem 1.8 The following code segment, consisting of six instructions, needs to be executed 64…
A: SIMD and SISD machine which refers to the single instruction and the multiple data stream and single…
Q: Problem 2.3: The following have bcen executed by an 8085 Microprocessor. Write down the sequence of…
A:
Q: Suppose that the following clock cycles per instruction, and frequencies of usage by a particular…
A: Here the table is given for the instructions and their frequency and the number of cycles. We will…
Q: 1.14 Assume a program requires the execution of 50 x 106 FP instructions, 110 x 106 INT…
A: The answer is as follows:-
Q: 4.3 Consider the following instruction mix: R-type I-Type LDUR STUR CBZ B 24% 28% 25% 10% 11% 2%…
A:
Q: 1.14 Assume a program requires the execution of 50 x 106 FP instructions, 110 x 106 INT…
A: The answer is...
Q: 4.15 The importance of having a good branch predictor depends on how often conditional branches are…
A: Calculating Extra CPI: From the above information, the first three execution cycles are IF, ID, EX.…
Q: 2- Draw memory and microprocessor contents before and after execution the following instruction: MOV…
A: Given: We are given microprocessor instruction. Goal: We have to find out the content of the…
Q: Loop1 MOVLW 0x32 MOVWF REG2 DECFSZ REG2,F GOTO LOOP1 If the system clock frequency is aMHz and each…
A: Hey there,I am writing the required solution for the above mentioned question below.
Q: Assume, paging has been used as memory management technique and the page table is stored in memory…
A:
Q: Q) 3. Answer the following: A. What is result of executing the following instruction sequence? MOV…
A: Answer : Result: 00C0H
Q: ng_2021 3 / 20 121% For a system, RAM = 64KB, Block size = 4 bytes, Cache size H 128 bytes, Direct…
A: ANSWER : As we are given the following information, RAM size = 64 KB Block size = 4 bytes Cache size…
Q: 1.14 Assume a program requires the execution of 50 x 106 FP instructions, 110 x 106 INT…
A: The answer is...
Q: 1. Consider two different machines, with two different instruction sets, both of which have a clock…
A: Given: Goal: We have to calculate the average CPI, MIPS rate, and execution time for each machine.…
Q: Q.4 CO4 Consider a hypothetical computer having instruction length 32 bit and Byte addressable…
A: We are given a processor whose instruction length is 32-bit and it is byte addressable memory.…
Q: Assume for a given processor the CPI of arithmetic instructions is 1, the CPI of load/store…
A: Initial CPl = 10×300900+1×500900+3×100900 =309+59+39= 389=4.221) New no. of…
Q: f) Assume that the MIPS instruction j LOOP is located at address 0x8000 0000, and LOOP is located at…
A: The Answer is
Q: 2.1 A benchmark program is run on a 40 MHz processor. The executed program consists of 100,000…
A: CPI stands for Clocks per instructions. CPI is the average Clocks per instructions = IC*CPI/total…
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- Q1: Suppose the hypothetical processor has two I/O instructions: (3+3+3)0011=Load AC from I/O0111=Store AC to I/OIn this case, the 12-bit address identifies a particular external device. Show the program execution using figure for the following program:a) Load AC from device 6b) Add contents of memory location 880c) Store AC to device 7 (Note: Question is to be solved similar to the pictures attached with minimum explaination of a line or two with the steps and SHOULD include the memory location 880 as stated in the question)Consider a machine with three instruction classes and CPI measurements as follows: Instruction class CPI of the instruction class A 2 B 5 C 7 Suppose that we measured the code for a given program in two different compilers and obtained the following data: Code sequence Instruction counts (in millions) A B C 1 15 5 3 2 25 2 2 Assume that the machine’s clock rate is 500 MHz. Which code sequence will execute faster according to MIPS? How much according to execution time of each code sequence?Assume that a program requires the execution of 125x106 FP (floating point) instructions, 130x106 INT (integer) instructions, 150x106 L/S (load/store) instructions, and 110x106 branching instructions. These instructions have CPIs of 1, 1, 8 and 4, respectively. Assume that the processor has a 5 GHz clock rate. a. Is it possible to run the program twice as fast if we improve the CPI of just the L/S instructions? If so, by how much? Show your calculations. b. What is the Speedup in the execution time of the entire program if the CPI of INT and FP instructions is reduced by 40% and that of L/S and branching instructions is reduced by 50%?
- 10.- Consider the following code and pictureLoop1MOVLW 0x32MOVWF REG2DECFSZ REG2,FGOTO LOOP1 If the system clock frequency is aMHz and each machine cycle consumes 4 cycles of it. Calculate the delay time of the LOOP1 loop. Include the execution difference time of the DECFSZ instruction in the last cycle. Select an answerA) 0.6.sB) 6msC)6usD) 60usI ONLY NEED 3 AND 4 Suppose memory has 256KB, OS use low address 20KB, there is one program sequence: Prog1 request 80KB, prog2 request 16KB, Prog3 request 140KB Prog1 finish, Prog3 finish; Prog4 request 80KB, Prog5 request 120kb Use first match and best match to deal with this sequence (from high address when allocated) (1)Draw allocation state when prog1,2,3 are loaded into memory? (2)Draw allocation state when prog1, 3 finish? (3)use these two algorithms to draw the structure of free queue after prog1 , 3 finish (4) Which algorithm is suitable for this sequence ? Describe the allocation process?4.19.16: [5] <COD §4.6>. In this exercise, we examine how pipelining affects the clock cycle time of the processor. Problems in this exercise assume that individual stages of the datapath have the following latencies: Also, assume that instructions executed by the processor are broken down as follows: (a) What is the clock cycle time in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor? (b) What is the total latency of an lw instruction in a pipelined and non-pipelined processor? (c) If we can split one stage of the pipelined datapath into two new stages, each with half the latency of the original stage, which stage would you split and what is the new clock cycle time of the processor? (d) Assuming there are no stalls or hazards, what is the utilization of the data memory? (e) Assuming there are no stalls or hazards, what is the utilization of the write-register port of the "Registers" unit? No hand written and fast answer with explanation
- Consider the code sequence below lw $t1, 4($t0) add $s2, $t1, $t2 lw $t3, 16($t0) add $s3, $t3, $t2 lw $t4, 28($t0) add $s4, $t4, $t2 Suppose there is no forwarding allowed, and for the result of a lw to be consumed by the following R-type of instruction requires 2 bubbles to be placed between the two instructions. Is it possible for the scheduler to juxtapose the commands in such a way that there is no need for any bubbles? If yes, give an example of how it can be done.Answer only 3 and 4 Suppose memory has 256KB, OS use low address 20KB, there is one program sequence: (20) • Prog1 request 80KB, prog2 request 16KB, • Prog3 request 140KB • Prog1 finish, Prog3 finish; • Prog4 request 80KB, Prog5 request 120kb • Use first match and best match to deal with this sequence • (from high address when allocated) • (1)Draw allocation state when prog1,2,3 are loaded into memory? • (2)Draw allocation state when prog1, 3 finish? • (3)use these two algorithms to draw the structure of free queue after prog1 , 3 finish(draw the allocation descriptor information,) • (4) Which algorithm is suitable for this sequence ? Describe the allocation process?4.22 [5] <§4.5> Consider the fragment of LEGv8 assembly below: STUR X16, [X6, #12] LDUR X16, [X6, #8] SUB X7, X5, X4 CBZ X7, Label ADD X5, X1, X4 SUB X5, X15, X4 Suppose we modify the pipeline so that it has only one memory (that handles both instructions and data). In this case, there will be a structural hazard every time a program needs to fetch an instruction during the same cycle in which another instruction accesses data. 4.22.1 [5] <§4.5> Draw a pipeline diagram to show were the code above will stall. 4.22.2 [5] <§4.5> In general, is it possible to reduce the number of stalls/NOPs resulting from this structural hazard by reordering code? 4.22.3 [5] <§4.5> Must this structural hazard be handled in hardware? We have seen that data hazards can be eliminated by adding NOPs to the code. Can you do the same with this structural hazard? If so, explain how. If not, explain why not. 4.22.4 [5] <§4.5> Approximately how many stalls would you expect this…
- Consider a program that declares global integer variables x, y[10]. Thesevariables are allocated starting at a base address of decimal 1000. All thesevariables have been initialized to zero. The base address 1000 has been placed in$gp. The program executes the following assembly instructions:lw $s1, 0($gp)addi $s1, $s1, 25sw $s1, 0($gp)lw $s2, 12($gp)add $s2, $s2, $s1sw $s2, 8($gp)sw $s2, 12($gp) What are the memory addresses of variables x, y[0], and y[1]? What are the values of variables x, y[0], y[1], and y[2] at the endof the program?We will explore the impact of cache capacity on performance, focusing exclusively on the data cache and excluding instruction storage in the caches. Cache access time is directly linked to its capacity. For the sake of simplicity, let's assume that accessing the main memory takes 100ns, and in a specific program, 50% of instructions involve data access. Two distinct processors, denoted as P1 and P2, are engaged in executing this program. Each processor is equipped with its own L1 cache. L1 size L1 Miss Rate L1 Hit Time P1 64 KB 3.6% 1.26 ns P2 128 KB 3.1% 2.17ns (a) What is the AMAT for P1 and P2 assuming no other levels of cache?Assume a program requires the execution of 75 ×106 FP instructions, 112 ×106INT instructions, 88 ×106 L/S instructions, and 12 × 106 branch instructions.The CPI for each type of instruction is 1, 3, 4, and 2, respectively. Assume thatthe processor has a 2 GHz clock rate.a) By how much must we improve the CPI of FP instructions if we wantthe program to run two times faster?b) By how much must we improve the CPI of L/S instructions if we wantthe program to run two times faster?c) By how much is the execution time of the program improved if theCPI of INT and FP instructions is reduced by 40% and the CPI of L/Sand Branch is reduced by 30%?