16) PROTEIN SYNTHESIS: A) Describe the process of protein synthesis. Be sure to use transcription and translation in your answer (and explain the parts involved in each process) B) Why is RNA transcription a necessary process?

Q: Why would a protein increase mRNA levels? How would you test that to prove your theory?

A: The Central Dogma of Molecular biology states that information is transferred from DNA…

Q: How is the mRNA strand altered during mRNA processing (the intermediate step between transcription…

A: DNA is the genetic material of individuals which undergoes replication, then forms RNA through the…

Q: What events bring about the termination of translation?

A: The translation process occurs in the cytoplasm. Translation in regards to DNA describes the process…

Q: What are the difference between transcription and genetic code?

A: Transcription is the process whereas genetic code is a set of rules.

Q: Describe the basic steps of translation?

A: The central dogma of cell is, DNA getting transcribed into mRNA and the mRNA getting translated into…

Q: How would you make a copy of DNA from an mRNA transcript and what is this molecule called?

A: Introduction  Central Dogma: it is the key mechanism by which DNA can be transcribed into mRNA by…

Q: How would you choose where to begin your reading of a sequence in mRNA?  Which rule governing the…

A: The translation is the process by which polypeptide chain (protein) is produced from the mRNA…

Q: During transcription, what will the order of bases be in mRNA, if the base sequence of the coding…

A: ans is... CUAGCU

Q: If a DNA sequence (exons and introns) and the regions upstream/downstream are normal -- but no mRNA…

A: During RNA splicing Introns are removed and Exons ligated together to give rise to a functional RNA…

Q: Explain the initiation factors?

A: DNA is the nucleic acids present in the organisms. DNA is the deoxy-ribose nucleic acid in which…

Q: What are Cyclin and mRNA? How are they related?

A: Cyclins get their name from the fact that during cell division, they go through a continuous period…

Q: How does it improve the efficiency of protein synthesis to have several binding sites for tRNA close…

A: Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a…

Q: Describe in detail the process of translation and transcription.

A: Introduction : In the field of molecular biology, the path by which DNA's information is encoded…

Q: What are the protein/enzyme requirements during initiation, elongation, termination of DNA…

A: Central dogma is the term used to describe the flow of genetic information in a biological system.…

Q: transcription and translation. What

A: Transcription is the process of copying a gene's DNA sequence to make an RNA molecule and…

Q: Which would be more harmful to a cell, a mutation in DNA or a transcription mistake that leads to an…

A: Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) molecules are genetic materials, which are…

Q: What are the dependent and Independent variables during the RNA and Protein Synthesis Process?

A: Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) partners with a set of proteins to structure ribosomes. These unpredictable…

Q: How would protein synthesis be affected ifa single codon could specify the incorporation of more…

A: Ambiguous codon is the codon that codes for more than one amino acid.

Q: What are the difference between transcription and translation?

A: DNA is the genetic material in the majority of organisms that maintains the heredity in an organism.…

Q: Why exosome complex destroys the mRNA ?

A: Exosomes are defined as vesicles which are nano metric-sized, being packed as biomolecules ranging…

Q: How does the transcribed mRNA convert into a functional protein?

A: Introduction: Translation is the process by which ribosomes in the cytoplasm or endoplasmic…

Q: What Determine the amount of mRNA that is available for translation ?

A: A single-stranded RNA molecule called messenger RNA (mRNA) is complementary to one of a gene's DNA…

Q: How do the A, P, and E ribosomal sites differ functionally during protein synthesis?

A: Protein synthesis is a cellular process through which cells produce polypeptide chains (proteins)…

Q: Where does translation occur?

A: A "nucleic acid" is a linear polymer of nucleotides that is a component of the cell's information…

Q: Why chaperones are particularly important when translation occurs on membrane-bound ribosomes ?

A: Protein translation either occurs in cytosol by free ribosomes and some proteins gets translated on…

Q: What is the "genetic code" and what aspect of post translational modification virtually mandates…

A: Genetic code is a set of rules followed by every living cell by which information stored in genetic…

Q: What factors ensure accuracy in protein synthesis? How does the level of accuracy usually attained…

A: Replication:  It is a process of synthesis of a new DNA strand from the previously existing one.…

Q: What Are the Mechanics of mRNA Translation?

A: The process of translation involves protein synthesis from messenger RNA (mRNA).Ribosomes translate…

Q: What is RNA replication?

A: RNA is a nucleic acid and is a polymer of ribonucleotides. Some viruses have RNA molecules as their…

Q: n protein synthesis, why is it call translation? What is transcription and what does it do? What is…

A: Gene expression or protein synthesis involves two process transcription and translation.

Q: 46.Describe briefly the functions of the three types of RNA (tRNA, mRNA and rRNA) in protein…

A: Transcription the process of making RNA copy from DNA. Translation is the process of making proteins…

Q: If the base sequence of a segment of a molecule of DNA is changed, will the base sequence of the…

A: The genes are segments of DNA that contain hereditary information. Some part of this gene is…

Q: Why do ribosomes move along mRNA during translation?

A: Translation is the process by which a protein is synthesized from the information contained in a…

Q: What are the components of the initiation complex in protein synthesis? How do they interact with…

A: Protein synthesis is considered as a process, in which a long polypeptide chain is synthesized with…

Q: What is the cellular structure to which mRNA molecules bind to start the protein synthesis?

A: Protein plays an important role in the structural and functional unit in the body. Proteins are made…

Q: How is the relationship between the tRNA and mRNA achieved?

A: Proteins are built from smaller units known as amino acids, that are fixed by three-nucleotide mRNA…

Q: What role do ribosomes play in carrying out genetic instructions?

A: DNA is the genetic material. Gene expression is a process by which the genes are turned on to form…

Q: why is it important that unprocessed mrna never leaves the nucleus?

A: Transcription is the process by which genetic information present in a DNA sequence is copied into…

Q: What is the difference between mRNA and miRNA?

A: The ribonucleic acid (RNA) plays a role in the hereditary in bacteria and some viruses. RNA is a…

Q: What role do the initiation factors play in protein synthesis?

A: Protein synthesis is the process in which the protein is being produced by RNA through translation.…

Q: what happens if a mutation causes a tRNA to be charged with the wrong amino acid?

A: Any permanent change or alteration occurred in the DNA sequence is termed as the genetic mutation.…

Q: what does RNA contains?

A: Ribonucleic acid, complex compound of high sub-atomic weight that capacities in cell protein…

Q: Describe the steps of translation initiation,elongation, and termination.

A: Introduction:- The process of forming a polypeptide chain from mRNA codons is known as translation…

Q: Amino acids are brought to the site of translation by what molecule? Where in the cell does…

A: Translation is the process by which proteins are synthesized by the ribosomes present in the…

Q: Would you expect mRNA or rRNA to be degraded more quickly in the cell? Why?

A: Different types of ribonucleic acid (RNA) play a number of cellular activities. Messenger RNA (mRNA)…

Gene Interactions

When the expression of a single trait is influenced by two or more different non-allelic genes, it is termed as genetic interaction. According to Mendel's law of inheritance, each gene functions in its own way and does not depend on the function of another gene, i.e., a single gene controls each of seven characteristics considered, but the complex contribution of many different genes determine many traits of an organism.

Gene Expression

Gene expression is a process by which the instructions present in deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) are converted into useful molecules such as proteins, and functional messenger ribonucleic (mRNA) molecules in the case of non-protein-coding genes.