2 8 Macmillan Learning (Figure: Coats and Sweaters II) What is the marginal rate of substitution between points A and B? Winter coats 10 69 A 8 7 B 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 Wool 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 sweaters
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- Nimbus, Inc., makes brooms and then sells themdoor-to-door. Here is the relationship between thenumber of workers and Nimbus’s output during agiven day:Workers OutputMarginalProductTotalCostAverageTotalCostMarginalCost0 0 ____ ________ ____1 20 ____ ________ ____2 50 ____ ________ ____3 90 ____ ________ ____4 120 ____ ________ ____5 140 ____ ________ ____6 150 ____ ________ ____7 155 ____ ____a. Fill in the column of marginal products. Whatpattern do you see? How might you explain it?b. A worker costs $100 a day, and the firm has fixedcosts of $200. Use this information to fill in thecolumn for total cost.c. Fill in the column for average total cost. (Recallthat ATC T 5 C Q/ .) What pattern do you see?d. Now fill in the column for marginal cost.(Recall that MC TC 5 D ∆ / Q.) What patterndo you see?e. Compare the column for marginal productwith the column for marginal cost. Explain therelationship.f. Compare the column for average total costwith the column for marginal cost. Explain…The marginal product of effort, a typical worker in fast-food burger joint, is one- fourth burgers per hour; that is, MPe = .25The price of a burger is $2. The figure graphs Mac’s marginal cost of effort. If Mac increases his effort by one unit per hour, the change in the burger joint’s revenue is $ per hour. That is, what is VMPe , the value of Mac ‘s marginal product of effort ? Plot the VMPe curve in the figure. Mac efficient effort e^ is the solution to what equation? Illustrate the solution in the figure. Mac efficient…Use the following information toanswer the questions belowComputers:Soybeans:Total revenue =Total120revenue = 120Payments to labor =60Paymentsto labor = 80Payments to capital =60Paymentsto land = 40Holding the price of computersconstant, suppose the price ofsoybeans rises 10% and that the wagerate increases 5%.a. What is the effect of these changeson the rental rate of capital?b. What is the effect of these changeson the rental rate of land?
- The nation of Ectenia has 20 competitive appleorchards, all of which sell apples at the world priceof $2 per apple. The following equations describethe production function and the marginal product oflabor in each orchard:100100 2 ,2 5 25 2Q L LMPL Lwhere Q is the number of apples produced in a day,L is the number of workers, and MPL is the marginalproduct of labor.a. What is each orchard’s labor demand as a functionof the daily wage W? What is the market’s labordemand?b. Ectenia has 200 workers who supply their laborinelastically. Solve for the wage W. How manyworkers does each orchard hire? How much profitdoes each orchard owner make?c. Calculate what happens to the income of workersand orchard owners if the world price doubles to$4 per apple.d. Now suppose that the price is back at $2 perapple but a hurricane destroys half the orchards.Calculate how the hurricane affects the income ofeach worker and of each remaining orchard owner.What happens to the income of Ectenia as a whole?Freds enjoys smoking cigars but cigar smoke makes his wife , Wilma feels ill. Use a graph to show that Fred's consumption of cigars will be inefficient if he ignores the costs imposed on Wilma.Angela has been working at a real wage rate of $25 per hour. Illustrate in a diagram how Bruno’s decision to use more robots could affect Angela’s future levels of• real wage,• utility,• free time, and• consumption.Your diagram should have Angela’s daily free time on the horizontal axis and her daily consumption on the vertical axis. Briefly explain your diagram within 70 words
- What’s agric economicsA commercial fisherman notices the followingrelationship between hours spent fishing and thequantity of fish caught:HoursQuantity of Fish(in pounds)0 hours 0 lb.1 102 183 244 285 30a. What is the marginal product of each hour spentfishing?1. Teachers in Los Angeles recently went on strike, asking for higher salaries. They were successful. How would you expect this to change LA schools’ budget constraint, and how might this affect their optimal allocation of funds. In particular, how would you expect an increase in teacher salaries to affect schools’ hiring of teachers. Please use draw a diagram as part of you
- (a) Explain with the help of a graph the effect of an increase in the relative price of a labor-intensive good on input choice. (b) “Generally, an economy will tend to be relatively effective atproducing goods that are intensive in the factors with which the country is relatively wellendowed.” Explain the above statement with the help of a graph.Given a production function of this nature; AX1aX2b determine the Marginal Rate of Technical Substitution.Ten-year old Sarah is starting a lemonade stand, she uses baskets of lemons (L) and other ingredients (O). She is able to produce lemonade according to the production function f(L, O) = 1 2 L 2O. The cost of a basket of lemons is $10 and the average cost of the other goods is $4. (a) Derive MPL and MPO. (b) Currently Sarah is using 4 baskets of lemons and 40 units of the other goods. Using this information, calculate MPL and MPO. (c) True/False. At her current use of inputs Sarah is minimizing costs. If true, explain why. If false, what would you recommend Sarah do? (d) Sarah wants to produce 320 units of lemonade. Determine the cost minimizing combination of inputs to use. (e) Assuming no changes in the market price of lemonade nor in the prices of the inputs, if Sarah continues to produce 320 units of lemonade in the long run, what will Sarah’s long run costs be.
