(2) LXercise 4: A simple pendulum is formed of a small bob of mass m=200g, suspended to a massless string of length L=1m. Take g=10m/s² and neglect all friction forces. Att=0, the pendulum is deviated an angle of 20°, and then launched with an initial velocity Vo perpendicular to the stretched string. At an instant t, the pendulum makes an angle a with the vertical and its bob has a velocity V. A. Taking the lower position of the bob as zero potential energy: 1. Prove that the potential energy of the system (bob, Earth) is given by the expression PE- mg( 1-cosa). 2. Give at any instant, in terms of a and V, the mechanical energy of the system (bob Earth). B. Which of the three curves of figure 2 represents the E (J) potential energy, the kinetic energy, and the mechanical energy of the system (bob, Earth)? Justify 1 your answer. C. Determine, form figure 2, the numerical value of the mechanical energy. Deduce the initial velocity Vo. D. For which position does the velocity of the ball have (1) (2) 0.5 a maximum value? Calculate its maximum value. (3) -0.5 0.5 a (radians)

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Exercise 4:
A simple pendulum is formed of a small bob of mass m=200g, suspended to a massless string of length L=1m.
Take g=10m/s and neglect all friction forces.
At t=0, the pendulum is deviated an angle of 20°, and then launched with an initial velocity Vo perpendicular to
the stretched string. At an instant t, the pendulum makes an angle a with the vertical and its bob has a
velocity V.
A. Taking the lower position of the bob as zero potential energy:
1. Prove that the potential energy of the system (bob, Earth) is given by the expression
PE= mg( 1-cosa).
2. Give at any instant, in terms of a and V, the mechanical energy of the system (bob Earth).
B. Which of the three curves of figure 2 represents the
potential energy, the kinetic energy, and the
mechanical energy of the system (bob, Earth)? Justify
E (J)
XX
your answer.
C. Determine, form figure 2, the numerical value of the
mechanical energy. Deduce the initial velocity Vo.
D. For which position does the velocity of the ball have
a maximum value? Calculate its maximum value.
(1)
(2)
0.5
(3)
-0.5
0.5
a (radians)
Fig. 2
Exercise 5:
A particle (P) of mass m-1Kg is released at C from rest to move along the line of greatest slope CB of a
frictionless inclined plane that makes an angle a 30° with the horizontal. The particle reaches B with a speed
Vi= 2m/s. The initial position C is at a height h from the horizontal BA.
reference,
Transcribed Image Text:Exercise 4: A simple pendulum is formed of a small bob of mass m=200g, suspended to a massless string of length L=1m. Take g=10m/s and neglect all friction forces. At t=0, the pendulum is deviated an angle of 20°, and then launched with an initial velocity Vo perpendicular to the stretched string. At an instant t, the pendulum makes an angle a with the vertical and its bob has a velocity V. A. Taking the lower position of the bob as zero potential energy: 1. Prove that the potential energy of the system (bob, Earth) is given by the expression PE= mg( 1-cosa). 2. Give at any instant, in terms of a and V, the mechanical energy of the system (bob Earth). B. Which of the three curves of figure 2 represents the potential energy, the kinetic energy, and the mechanical energy of the system (bob, Earth)? Justify E (J) XX your answer. C. Determine, form figure 2, the numerical value of the mechanical energy. Deduce the initial velocity Vo. D. For which position does the velocity of the ball have a maximum value? Calculate its maximum value. (1) (2) 0.5 (3) -0.5 0.5 a (radians) Fig. 2 Exercise 5: A particle (P) of mass m-1Kg is released at C from rest to move along the line of greatest slope CB of a frictionless inclined plane that makes an angle a 30° with the horizontal. The particle reaches B with a speed Vi= 2m/s. The initial position C is at a height h from the horizontal BA. reference,
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