2. A product design engineer must decide if a redundant component is cost-justified in a certainsystem. The system in question has a critical component with a probability of 0.98 of operating.System failure would involve a cost of $20000. For a cost of $100 a switch could be added thatwould automatically transfer the system to the backup in the event of failure. Should the backupbe added if the backup probability is also 0.98?

Product designing is the process where the company has to create or develop a new product or change…

Answered: 2. A product design engineer must…

Practical Management Science

6th Edition

ISBN:9781337406659

Author:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Publisher:WINSTON, Wayne L.

Chapter2: Introduction To Spreadsheet Modeling

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 20P: Julie James is opening a lemonade stand. She believes the fixed cost per week of running the stand...

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A product engineer has developed the following equation for the cost of a system component: C = (10P)2, where is the cost in dollars and Pis the probability that the component will operate as expected. The system is composed of two identical components, both of which must operate for the system to operate. The engineer can spend $173 for the two components. To the nearest two decimal places, what is the largest component probability that can be achieved?
A product engineer has developed the following equation for the cost of a system component: C = (10P) 2, where C is the cost in dollars and P is the probability that the component will operate as expected. The system is composed of two identical components, both of which must operate forthe system to operate. The engineer can spend $173 for the two components. To the nearest two decimal places, what is the largest component probability that can be achieved?
7. Assume that there is a 9% rate of disk drive failure in a year. a. If all your computer data is stored on a hard disk drive with a copy stored on a second hard disk drive, what is the probability that during a year, you can avoid catastrophe with at least one working drive? b. If copies of all your computer data are stored on three independent hard disk drives, what is the probability that during a year, you can avoid catastrophe with at least one working drive? a. With two hard disk drives, the probability that catastrophe can be avoided is nothing. (Round to four decimal places as needed.)
A requirement for scientific work is that what we have done can be reproducible, whichmeans that when using the same input and the same models, we should arrive at the sameresults. Will a risk assessment meet this requirement? it is a risk management question.
In designing a new space vehicle, NASA needs to decide whether to provide 0, 1 or 2 backup systems for a critical component of the vehicle. The first backup system, if included, comes into use only if the original system fails. The second backup system, if included, comes into use only if the original system and the first backup system both fail. NASA engineers claim that each system, independent of the others, has a 1.5% chance of failing if called into use. Each backup system costs $70,000 to produce and install within the vehicle. Once the vehicle is in flight, the mission will be scrubbed (ended early) only if the original system and all backups fail. The cost of a scrubbed mission, in addition to production costs, is assessed to be $5,000,000. How many backup systems are needed to minimize NASA’s expected total cost?
A firm produces 2 different alarm systems A and B. System A detects withprobability 0.93 and costs 2 times expensive then system B. System B detectsfire with probability 0.8. Which option is better: to set two systems B or onesystem A?
A product engineer has developed the following equation for the cost of a system component: C = (10P)2, where C is the cost in dollars and P is the probability that the component will operate as expected. The system is composed of 3 identical components, all of which must operate for the system to operate. The engineer can spend $254 for the 3 components. What is the largest component probability that can be achieved? (Do not round your intermediate calculations. Round your final answer to 4 decimal places.) Probability 0.8466
A typical retail transaction consists of several smaller steps, which can be considered components subject to failure. A list of such components might include: Let the eight probabilities of success be .92, .94, .99, .99, .98, .97,.95, and .96. What is the reliability of the system; that is, the probabilitythat there will be a satisfied customer? If you were the storemanager, what do you think should be an acceptable value forthis probability? Which components would be good candidatesfor backup, which for redesign?
A car repair can be performed either on time or late, and either satisfactoryily or unsatisfactorily. The probability of a repair being on time and satisfactory is 0.26. The probability of a repair being on time is 0.74. The probability of a repair being satisfactory is 0.41. What is the probabilityof a repair being late and unsatisfactory?
At DataTech Solutions, the reliability of their server systems is a critical factor in maintaining smooth operations. The company knows that the probability of a server experiencing no downtime due to technical issues is 0.95. When a server is functioning smoothly, there is a 0.9 probability that the network performance is also optimal. However, if a server encounters technical problems, the probability of having optimal network performance drops to 0.3. A server is chosen at random for assessment, and its network performance is found to be optimal. What is the updated probability that the server is running without any technical issues?
A swim club is designing a new pool to replace its old pool. The new pool would need to last for 10 years since the club is planning on relocating after 10 years. A concrete shell would cost $85,000 and last for all 10 years. Another option is to install a vinyl liner that would cost only $70,000 to install. However, the vinyl is not guaranteed to last for all 10 years, and it has a 40% chance of breaking down. Repair of the vinyl would cost $40,000 and would extend the life of the vinyl liner to the 10-year mark. If both options are acceptable to the swim club, which one minimizes cost? Support your answer with drawing a decision tree and provide your calculation.
Scenario: Imagine you are a physician who has been whose patient has the following matter up to you. The patient has an unusual infection, which lasts for a short time. The infection has a 15% chance of causing permanent brain damage. You may undertake a procedure that will prevent the brain damage from the infection (with 100% probability). However, the procedure itself has a 20% chance of causing brain damage itself. Should you undertake the procedure or not? Question: Identify whether the scenario poses a problem to solve or a decision to be made. Explain HOW and WHY you came to your answer?

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