2. Consider the model of labor pooling, with each firm locating either in an isolated site or in a cluster with other fi rms. Suppose that good times (high demand) and bad times (low demand) are equally likely. The table shows wages and workforces in different times and locations. Wage $40 $20 Isolated Workforce 50 50 Good times (high demand) Bad times (low demand) A. Use a figure like Figure 3-3 to illustrate the situation. Wage $30 $30 Cluster Workforce 60 40 B. During good times, the benefit of being in the cluster as opposed to being isolated is, computed as.... C. During bad times, the cost of being in the cluster as opposed to being isolated is, computed as....
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- What is die price commonly called in the labor market?Explain i11each of the following situations how market forces might give a business an incentive to act in a less discriminatory fashion. A local flower delivery business run by a bigoted white owner notices that many of its local customers are black. An assembly line has traditionally only hired men, but it is having a hard time hiring sufficiently qualified workers. A biased owner of a firm that provides home health care services would like to pay lower wages to Hispanic workers than to other employees.Only typed answer and please don't use chatgpt A firms labor demand and labor supply equations are shown below. Labor demand equation: Ld = 40- 2(w) Labor supply equation: Ls = 20 + 3(w), where w is the wage per hour worked. Instructions: Round your answers to the nearest whole number. a. The equilibrium wage is $______ and the equilibrium quantity of labor employed is______ people. b. The workers, thinking that their wages are too low, decide to strike. After tense negotiations, the firm decides to raise the wage by 50 percent. After the wage increase, ______ people are unemployed.
- E2 Problem 1: Labor Unions. The aggregate supply of cricket players is given byw = 75 + 2Land the aggregate demand for cricket players is given byw = 315 −4L 1. First assume that the players and the teams are all in perfect competition.a) Find the equilibrium number of players. Find the equilibrium wage.b) Find the league surplus and player surplus. 2. Next assume that the players form a union, but the teams are in perfect competition.a) Find the equilibrium number of players. Find the equilibrium wage.b) Find the league surplus and player surplus. 3. Now assume that the teams also form a league, creating a bilateral monopoly. Theplayers have a well-established union, and thus have slightly more power in negotiation.In particular, the union’s bargaining power is β = 3 5.a) Find the equilibrium number of players.b) What is the wage that gives players all the surplus?c) What is the wage that gives league all the surplus?d) Find the negotiated equilibrium wage.e) Find the league surplus…(a) Assuming working at home gives you a wage of $100, what would your wage be working in thecubicle office? In the shared workspace?(b) What is the compensating wage differential between these jobs?(c) Explain why the wage is different in each situation, and give an example of another industry-/situation with a compensating wage differential.3. In a von Thunen model with homogeneous labor with subways and cars, an improvement in automobile speed (e.g. due to better roads) will . . . A. Raise rents in the areas where the residents use cars, because these areas are more attractive now. B. Raise rents in the areas where the residents use subways because landlords there feel less com- petitive pressure from the landlords in the automobile areas. C. Reduce the number of people living in areas where people use cars because the price of housing is higher there. D. None of the above.
- Determine whether each of thefollowing would increase or decrease the opportunity costs formothers who choose not to work outside the home. Explain youranswers.a. Higher levels of education for womenb. Higher unemployment rates for womenc. Higher average pay levels for womend. Lower demand for labor in industries that traditionally employlarge numbers of women1-Let’s re-apply Figure 5.3 to illustrate the market for risky jobs. An innovation reduces the cost of making a job safe. What happens to reservation wages on each side of the market? Does the innovation increase or decrease the demand for labor on risky jobs? Does the innovation raise or lower the wage premium associated with risky work?(a) Solve for the equilibrium wage and employment level.(b) Graph the demand and supply curves.(c) At this equilibrium, what is your welfare/gains from trade?(d) Now, assume a minimum wage has been implemented at $20. How will this impact yourdemand? Supply?(e) How many workers are displaced by this new policy? How much “extra” unemployment occurswith this new policy? Hint: Think about the reservation wage.(f) Graph the new labor demand and supply with this minimum wage.(g) At this equilibrium, what is your new welfare? Are you better off with this change? Explain.
- 7. What assumption is most important to reach the conclusion that government regulation of risk on the job harms some workers? a. The assumption of perfect information b. The assumption of diminishing marginal returns to safety expen- diture c. The assumption that some firms have market power in the output market d. The assumption that it's costly for firms to reduce risk 8. Holding all else constant, the offer curve in a labor market where there is a trade-off between wages and risk of injury does NOT tell us: a. The possible wage-risk combinations that firms will offer in a labor market. b. The optimal matches between risk-averse workers and firms in a labor market. c. The equilibrium level of employment when risk is present d. The compensating wage differentials for various levels of risk.a. Why would a firm ever choose to offer profit-sharing to its employees in place of paying piece rates? b. Describe the free-riding problem in a profit-sharing compensation scheme. How might the workers of a firm “solve” the free-riding problem?Policymakers sometimes propose laws requiring firms to give workerscertain fringe benefits, such as health insurance or paid parental leave.Let's consider the effects of such a policy on the labor market.a. Suppose that a law required firms to give each worker $3 of fringebenefits for every hour that the worker is employed by the firm. Howdoes this law affect the marginal profit that a firm earns from eachworker at a given cash wage? How does the law affect the demand curvefor labor? Draw your answer on a graph with the cash wage on thevertical axis. b. If there is no change in labor supply how would this law affectemployment and wages? c. Why might the labor-supply curve shift in response to this law? Wouldthis shift in labor supply raise or lower the impact of the law on wagesand employment? d. As discussed in Chapter 6, the wages of some workers, particularly theunskilled and inexperienced, are kept above the equilibrium level byminimum wage laws. What effect would a fringe-benefit…