2. Given the valence electron orbital level diagram and the description, identify the element or ion of the following: 3p a. A ground state atom M Nh n 3s The answer is b. A ground state ion with a charge of -1 2s 2p The answer is

2. Given the valence electron orbital level diagram and the description, identify the element or ion of the following: 3p a. A ground state atom M Nh n 3s The answer is b. A ground state ion with a charge of -1 2s 2p The answer is

Chemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781133611097

Author:Steven S. Zumdahl

Publisher:Steven S. Zumdahl

Chapter7: Atomic Structure And Periodicity

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 91E: Given the valence electron orbital level diagram and the description, identify the element or ion....

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Question

2. Given the valence electron orbital level diagram and the description, identify the
element or ion of the following:
3p
a. A ground state atom e N Nh n
3s
The answer is
b. A ground state ion with a charge of -1
2s
2p
The answer is

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Given the valence electron orbital level diagram and the description, identify the element or ion. a. A ground state atom b. An atom in an excited state (assume two electrons occupy the 1s orbital) c. A ground state ion with a charge of 1
Identify the element that corresponds to each of the simplified photoelectron spectral data given below. (Energy data taken from D. A. Shirley, R. L Martin, S. P. Kowalczyk. F. R. McFeely, and L. Ley: Core-electron binding energies of the first thirty elements, Physical Review B, Vol. 15, pp. 544-552, 1977.) (a) There are peaks at energies of 64.8 and 5.4 eV, corresponding to 2 and 1 electrons, respectively. (b) There are peaks at energies of 3614, 384, 301, 40.9, 24.7, and 4.34 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, and 1 electrons, respectively. (c) There are peaks at energies of 4494, 503, 404, 56.4, 33.6, 8.01, and 6.65 eV, corresponding to 2, 2, 6, 2, 6, 1, and 2 electrons, respectively.
Consider the representations of the p and d atomic orbitals in Figs. 2-15 and 2- 17. What do the + and signs indicate?
The magnet in the following photo is made from neodymium, iron, and boron. A magnet mode of on alloy containing the elements Nd, Fe, and B. (a) Write the electron configuration of each of these elements using an orbital box diagram and noble gas notation. (b) Are these elements paramagnetic or diamagnetic? (c) Write the electron configurations of Nd3+ and Fe3+ using orbital box diagrams and noble gas notation. Are these ions paramagnetic or diamagnetic?
Write an orbital diagram for the ground state of the zinc atom. Is the atomic substance diamagnetic or paramagnetic?
Until recently, it was thought that Ca was unstable, and that the Ca atom therefore had a negative electron affinity. Some new experiments have now measured an electron affinity of +2.0kJmol1 for calcium. What is the longest wavelength of light that could remove an electron from Ca ? In which region of the electromagnetic spectrum does this light fall?
The first-row transition metals from chromium through zinc all have some biologic function in the human body. How many unpaired electrons are present in each of these first-row transition metals in the ground state?
Valence electrons are those electrons in the outermost principal quantum level (highest n level) of an atom in its ground state. Groups lA to 8A have from 1 to 8 valence electrons. For each group of the representative elements (1A-8A). give the number of valence electrons, the general valence electron configuration, a sample element in that group, and the specific valence electron configuration for that element.
Answer the following questions as a summary quiz on this chapter. (a) The quantum number n describes the ________ of an atomic orbital, and the quantum number describes its ________. (b) When n = 3, the possible values of are _________. (c) What type of orbital corresponds to = 3? ________ (d) For a 4d orbital, the value of n is _______, the value of is ________, and a possible value of m is _________. (e) Each of the following drawings represents a type of atomic orbital. Give the letter designation for the orbital, give its value of , and specify the number of planar nodes. Letter = ______ ______ value = ______ ______ Planar nodes = _______ ______ (f) An atomic orbital with three planar nodes through the nucleus is a(n) ______ orbital. (g) Which of the following orbitals cannot exist according to modem quantum theory: 2s, 3p, 2d, 3f, 5p, 6p? (h) Which of the following is not a valid set of quantum numbers? (i) What is the maximum number of orbitals that can be associated with each of the following sets of quantum numbers? (One possible answer is none. ) (i) n = 2 and =1 (ii) n = 3 (iii) n = 3 and = 3 (iv) n = 2, = 1, and m = 0

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