2. Microbes also acquire genetic variation through transformation, transduction, and conjugation (gene transfer). These mechanisms often come into play when conditions are harsh. Explain genetic variation.

Q: Why do symptoms of certain viral infections occur after having disappeared for a period of time?

A: Introduction: The time between a virus infecting a person's body and the onset of disease symptoms…

Q: 4. What is a suggestion you have for combating (or responding) to antibiotic resistance?

A: Antibiotic resistance is an acquired resistance pathogens get when they are treated with antibiotic…

Q: 3.In an experiment, two culture plates of the same bacteria were exposed to UV light for the same…

A: * Given that two Bacterial cultures were exposed to the uv light for same amount of time  *…

Q: Express some basic evolutionary relationships among groups of microorganisms, plants and animals.

A: Introduction Evolution Is Defined As A Change In The Heritable Traits Of Biological Populations.…

Q: 12. The identification of bacteria by serolo gic tests is based on the presence of specific…

A: According to guidelines we have to answer the first question only. so please kindly post the…

Q: Explain how the overuse of antibiotics promotes resistance in a population of bacteria.

A: Introduction : Microbes that have developed resistance to the majority of antibiotics and antiviral…

Q: 4. When is it terminal to take an antibacterial after acquiring the bacteria?

A: Antibacterial are low molecular agents that will inhibit the bacterial growth .Since antibiotics…

Q: 6) explain to me 2 mechanisms organism can use to reverse this VU-caused damage. Give me the step by…

A: UV radiation causes mutation in the DNA of organisms. They can cause dimerization of nucleotide…

Q: 1. List bacteria, yeasts, and molds (two of each) associated with spoilage of vegetables and fruits.…

A: Answer :- Spoilage of vegetables and fruits occurs due to their low pH i.e, less than 4 microbial…

Q: 2. List two types of probiotic bacteria (genus and species) and describe the health benefit(s) of…

A: Probiotic are live microorganisms (like bacteria, yeast etc.) which taken from outside as a food…

Q: 2- Explain in detail what are the three main controversies of he GMOS

A: GMO (genetically modified organisms) are those organisms whose genome has been altered by gene…

Q: 3. Label the following elements of the figure below: lysogenic phage, lysogenic cycle, lytic cycle,…

A: Introduction  The lag phase, the log phase, the stationary phase, and the death phase are the four…

Q: _________4. It is a bacterial that contains plasmid use to produce desirable proteins  for human…

A:

Q: What are the function, structure (substrate, cofactor, apoenzyme etc.), and major tissue…

A: Enzymes are special proteins that help with metabolism by speeding up the chemical reactions in the…

Q: In what way does the use of antibiotics contribute to the problem of the emergence of drug-resistant…

A: Drug resistance is the reduction in the effectiveness of the drug in curing a disease called drug…

Q: 3. Explain about Bacteriological Methods of laboratory diagnosis?

A: Introduction A dichotomous key is a tool used to identify natural entities such as microorganisms,…

Q: 3. What are the differences of bacteria and fungi in their roles and responses in decomposition?

A: Decomposition Breakdown of dead plant and animal material and release of inorganic nutrients. It is…

Q: 1. If your body contains so many bacteria, why do they not make you ill?

A: Our body contains millions of microorganisms since birth to adult life . Majority of bacteria…

Q: why are bacteria becoming more resistant to antibiotics ? * a- Bacteria are changing and evolving b-…

A: Bacteria reproduce very fast and their replicative fidelity is way better than human DNA…

Q: 13) What is the purpose of a bacterium's cell wall? A) It provides direct protection from…

A: The bacterial cell wall is made up of a complex and mesh-like structure that is essential for…

Q: _________3. It is microbial organisms that has a gene that makes plants resistant to  herbicides.…

A: Introduction Herbicides are crop-protecting agents that are used to kill weeds or disrupt normal…

Q: 5, What is an explant? A. Part of a gene in a DNA sequence B. A small piece of plant used in…

A: Tissue culture or micropropagation is a technique by which the number of plants can be grown at a…

Q: . Why is the possibility that all antibiotics may become useless such a serious concern?

A: ANTIBIOTICS:- They used to treat infections caused by bacteria, so they are anti-bacterial and…

Q: 1) Which of the following apply(ies) to Bacillus cereus and Bacillus anthracis? Choose all that…

A: Bacillus is a genus of Gram-positive, bacilli, or rod-shaped bacteria. B. anthracis is the causative…

Q: Biofilm formation take place to destruct and threatened the organisms, also discuss its beneficial…

A: Biofilm : - It is a community of microorganisms, which is irreversibly attached to the surface and…

Q: Suppose you do the Kirby-Bauer test on a hypothetical Staphylococcus species with penicillin and…

A: Antibiotic sensitivity test is a test that is used to evaluate , which Antibiotic is best and most…

Q: Provide three mechanism that antibiotics kills bacteria

A: Antibiotics are produced by some bacterial species that use this chemical to inhibits the growth of…

Q: 1. Is it possible that both labs are correct? How might this occur, and can you provide any…

A: DNA and RNA are the two major genetic materials found in different life forms. In genetics, the…

Q: 1. How do pathogens use glycans to colonize and invade the host?

A: Glycosylation is a process of the addition of glycans to the cell surface to form a glycoconjugate.…

Q: 3. A large producer of breakfast cereals in the US wanted to import moringa (malungay) powder from…

A: Nonfat dry milk procedure I choose as the most appropriate for the said product from C 1- C28

Q: 7. Fill in the blank (you can also use the space provided, if needed). In the LTEE exper- iment, the…

A: ...because of the presence of a foreign citrate transporter.

Q: 6. There is evidence that a pesticide-producing organism continues to produce pesticide once it's…

A: The mainly used pesticides producing organism is Bacillus thuringiensis which widely used in the…

Q: . Suppose you do the Kirby-Bauer test on a hypothetical Staphylococcus species with penicillin and…

A: Kirby-Bauer test is a disk diffusion test that is involved in determining the antibiotic sensitivity…

Q: 3. The evolution of antibiotic resistance in disease-causing bacteria is a serious public health…

A: Bacteria are the single celled microorganisms which comes under the kingdom Monera  Types of…

Q: 2.In a short paragraph give an example of the changes of human microbiota that result from medical…

A: Our body contains a significant number of healthy bacteria that are vital for the absorption of…

Q: Explain the concept of selective toxicity. How does it apply to the development of antibiotics?

A: Medicines known as antibiotics are used to treat bacterial infections in both humans and animals.…

Q: 4. How can bacteria cause mutation in their host? * A. It causes inflammation, breakage, and damage…

A: Mutations caused by environmental factors are called mutagens. Types of mutagens can be: Radiation…

Q: 1-Evidence used to support spontaneous generation was the observation that foods over time become…

A: The theory of spontaneous generation, first comprehensively put forward by Aristotle in his book ”On…

Q: 2.  you do the Kirby-Bauer test on a hypothetical Staphylococcus species with penicillin and…

A: In Kirby-Bauer testing, bacteria are placed on a plate of solid growth medium and wafers of…

Q: . Critically evaluate the role and reliability of different diagnostic methods in use for difficult…

A: I will be answering the above question by taking Infective endocarditis(IE) as an example:- IE is a…

Q: 1. Explain the differences in the mechanisms of conjugation, transformation, and transduction.

A: Explain the differences in the mechanisms of conjugation, transformation, and transduction.

Q: 4. Describe how plasmids conferring multidrug resistanceto bacteria may have evolved.

A: A plasmid is small circular extrachromosomal materials present in bacterial or protozoan cells which…

Q: 1. Explain why there are some organisms that survive and there are some organisms that does not…

A: Introduction :- An organism is any organic, living system that functions as a separate entity in…

Q: 37% cytosine. What percent of guanine does this species have?

A: 2. Nitrogenous bases are of two types- purines and pyrimidines. Adenine and guanine are purine in…

Q: How Did the Theory of Biogenesis Lead the Way for the Germ Theory of Disease?

A: The germ theory of disease is the theory that microorganisms are the cause of specific diseases, and…

Q: 2. Describe the experiments done by Griffith that showed that material from dead bacteria could be…

A: INTRODUCTION The experiment done by the scientist Frederick Griffith on Streptococcus pneumoniae is…

Q: 13) A certain bacterial colony originated from the division of a single bacterial cell. Each cell in…

A: Bacterial colonies are prepared in order to isolate different strains of bacteria and obtain the…

Q: 3) What is the effect of time on the bacteriocidal effects of UV? The effect of distance?

A: The term bacteriocidal refers to the any compound, method or technique of prevention of growth of…

Q: Explain how air movement and relative humidity affect the growth of microorganisms.

A: Warm air can possess more water vapor than cold air, so with the same amount of humidity, air will…

Q: 1. Explain how CRISPR is the future of our society.

A: DNA sequencing is the process of determining the nucleic acid sequence. It is the order of…

Terrestrial Ecosystem

An ecosystem is a collection of interconnected communities. It includes both living and non-living elements of specific strata. The terrestrial ecosystem is solely related to the ecosystem present on the land and covers 25 to 30% of the total earth’s surface area.