20. A.) T / F: Synonymous and non-synonymous mutations mainly evolve via purifying natural selection. B.) T / F: Stabilizing selection acts on the phenotypic variance of a trait without necessarily changing the mean phenotype. C.) T / F: Founder effects are the result of a genetic bottleneck during colonization of a new location.
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Hello, I need help answering number 21(INCLUDING THE SUB-PARTS) true or false questions. Pls and thank you!
20. A.) T / F: Synonymous and non-synonymous mutations mainly evolve via purifying natural selection.
B.) T / F: Stabilizing selection acts on the phenotypic variance of a trait without necessarily changing the mean
C.) T / F: Founder effects are the result of a genetic bottleneck during colonization of a new location.
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- What is the fundamental difference between selective breeding (artificial selection) and genetic engineering in terms of genetic diversity? How would you test for genetic diversity within each population? Explain.Natural selection occurs only if there is both (1) variation in the genetic information between organisms in a population and (2) variation in the expression of that genetic information—that is, trait variation—that leads to differences in performance among individuals. What kind of variation might exist in bioluminescing organisms, and what differences in performance might result? (Remember, evolution is a consequence of the interaction of four factors: (1) the potential for a species to increase in number, (2) the genetic variation of individuals in a species due to mutation and sexual reproduction, (3) competition for an environment’s limited supply of the resources that individuals need in order to survive and reproduce, and (4) the ensuing proliferation of those organisms that are better able to survive and reproduce in that environment.)The "balance" theory by Dobzhansky -is a theory based on the idea that genetic diversity in a population is maintained by heterozygote superiority. -is a theory that predicts a low level of genetic diversity in a given population. -was proposed in contrast to the so-called "classical" theory which hypothesized that individuals in a given diploid population should mostly be carrying neutral mutations in their genomes. -has been confirmed by numerous modern-day population genetic surveys, demonstrating the important of neutral mutations and genetic drift. -All of the above
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- Using evidence from the text, how can natural selection determine the survival of humans during the current COVID-19 pandemic? Please explain in 2-3 sentences. In your response, use the words: genetic variants/genes, natural selection, favorable traits This must follow a CER format (claim, evidence, reasoning)When we take, say, 100 individuals of a species of beetle from the wild and place them in a new environment that is not so different that they are unable to thrive but different enough so that they are experiencing a new selective regime, say, a lower temperature, what typically happens? A - Sexual selection causes some larvae to be able to survive in the cooler temperatures and other individuals to be unable to survive because they need warmer temperatures. B - We are unable to measure phenotypic selection, presumably because we do not have much variation among individuals for how they handle temperature. C - The founder event assures us that the new population will be strictly representative of the source population (especially if we took all the 100 from the same location rather that from throughout the range of the species). D - The population evolves to be tolerant of the lower temperature; it can do this because of latent variation already in the 100 founding individuals. E -…A form of learning disabilities and speech impairment results from a recessive mutation in the HERC2 gene. The next 4 questions are about this mutation. In a small Amish village in Ohio, about 5 per 1000 births are affected with this disorder. Assume Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. What is the frequency of the dominant WT HERC2 allele in this small village? A form of learning disabilities and speech impairment results from a recessive mutation in the HERC2 gene. The next 4 questions are about this mutation. Part a: In a small Amish village in Ohio, about 5 per 1000 births are affected with this disorder. Assume Hardy Weinberg equilibrium. What is the frequency of the dominant WT HERC2 allele in this small village? a)0.005 b)0.995 c)0.07 d)0.93 Part b: What is the estimated total number of homozygous dominant individuals in this village of 1000 people? a) 70 b) 930 c) 860 d) 140
- Using the concepts of variability, environmental pressure and natural selection how does the synthetic theory explain the darwinian natural selection?A new virus has been recently introduced to your snail population. You think you’ve found a gene that confers resistance to the virus. The gene has two allele variants in the population, such that homozygous recessive individuals are resistant to the virus. You do a chi-square test to determine if there is evidence for selection favoring the gene of interest. Your resulting chi-square value was: 2.91. Which of the following statements is the most correct conclusion drawn from your results? a. The null hypothesis that the population is in HWE is supported. b. There is evidence for selection because the population appears to be in HWE. c. There is not enough information to determine if the population is in HWE. d. The null hypothesis that the population is in HWE is rejected.You are studying a population of penguins in Antarctica. Your DNA analysis of this population reveals that for the feather color pattern gene, 35 individuals are homozygous dominant, 35 individuals are heterozygous, and 30 individuals are homozygous recessive. After observing this population for several years, you repeat your DNA study and find that the current generation of penguins has 15 individuals that are homozygous dominant, 10 individuals that are heterozygous, and 75 individuals that are homozygous recessive. Which of the following hypotheses for this data would be supported by this data based on your understanding of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium? This population of penguins is maintaining Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium due to its large population size. The penguins are randomly choosing mates, which has led to Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The penguins are very isolated, which is preventing gene flow from affecting Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. The recessive phenotype in…