A program is profiled on a CPU:20% of all instructions are arithmetic,40% are load,20% are store,20% are conditional branches.On this CPU, loads take 4 cycles, stores 1 cycle, ALU instructions 2 cycle, and branches 3 cycles.Compute the CPI for each instruction and the average CPI for that program on that CPU:Compute the CPI for each instruction (GIVE ANSWERS WITH 2 DECIMAL DIGITS:CPI for loads isCPI for stores isCPI for ALU isCPI for branches isAverage CPI is

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Description: A program is profiled on a CPU:20% of all instructions are arithmetic,40% are load,20% are store,20% are conditional branches.On this CPU, loads take 4 cycles, stores 1 cycle, ALU instructions 2 cycle, and branches 3 cycles.Compute the CPI for each

CPI (Cycles Per Instructions) is the number of cycles or clock ticks that an instruction requires to…

Answered: 20% of all instructions are arithr 40%…

Engineering

Computer Science

20% of all instructions are arithr 40% are load,

Database System Concepts

7th Edition

ISBN:9780078022159

Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Publisher:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan

Chapter1: Introduction

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1PE

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Consider a machine with three instruction classes and CPI measurements as follows: Instruction class CPI of the instruction class A 2 B 5 C 7 Suppose that we measured the code for a given program in two different compilers and obtained the following data: Code sequence Instruction counts (in millions) A B C 1 15 5 3 2 25 2 2 Assume that the machine’s clock rate is 500 MHz. Which code sequence will execute faster according to MIPS? How much according to execution time of each code sequence?
Two algorithms A and B report time complexities expressed by the functions n2and 2n , respectively. They are to be executed on a machine M that consumes 10–6 s to execute an instruction. What is the time taken by the algorithms to complete their execution on machine A for an input size of 50? If another machine N that is 10 times faster than machine M is provided for the execution, what is the largest input size that can be handled by the two algorithms on machine N? What are yourobservations?
Calculate the CPU execution time (expressed in milliseconds) of a program with 10 million instructions on a 2.5 GHz CPU with the following basic instruction-type breakdowns and CPIs: Arithmetic: 60%, CPI = 2 Load & Store (assuming perfect caches): 25%, CPI = 5 Branching: 15%, CPI = 3 In addition, you are told that the overall cache miss rate for instructions is 1%, the overall cache miss rate for data is 3%, and the cache miss penalty is 100 cycles. You can ignore the hit time (consider it zero).
A benchmark program is run on a 40 MHz processor. The executed program consists of 80000 instruction executions, with the following instruction mix and clock cycle count: Instr. Type Instr. Count CPI Move 45000 1 Math 20000 2 fixed point 10000 3 double 5000 4 Determine the execution time for this program? Hint: you must calculate the effective CPI, and MIPS first. a. 3.175 ms b. 1.588 ms c. 1.688 ms d. 3.375 ms
Suppose we have two implementations:Machine A has a clock cycle time of 10 ns. and a CPI of 2.0. Machine B has aclock cycle time of 20 ns. and a CPI of 1.2. Which machine is faster for thisprogram, and how much in percentage? Consider that the total instruction in the program is 1x10^9 or about 1,000,000,000 set of instructions since the cycle time is running in nanoseconds.
The following table shows the number of instructions for a program with two sequences:Arith Store Load Branch Totala. 650 100 600 50 1400b. 750 250 500 500 2000Assuming that arith instructions take 1 cycle, load and store 5cycles, and branches 2 cycles, and the clock rate is 2 GHz processor.a. Which one is faster?b. Find the CPI for the sequence.b. If the number of load instructions can be reduced by one half,what is the speedup?
A certain microprocessor requires either 2, 3, 4, 8, or 12 machine cycles to perform various operations. A total of 25% of its instructions require 2 machine cycles, 20% require 3 machine cycles, 17.5% require 4 machine cycles, 12.5% require 8 machine cycles, and 25% require 12 machine cycles.Q) Suppose this system requires an extra 20 machine cycles to retrieve an operand from memory. It has to go to memory 40% of the time. What is the average number of machine cycles per instruction for this microprocessor, including its memory fetch instructions?
Question: Suppose a program of 600 instructions runs on a 2 GHz processor. The frequency of instructions and the clock cycle counts per instruction are given as follows. What is the average CPI of this instruction mix? Operation Frequency Clock Cycles ALU operations 55% 1 Loads/Stores 30% 2 Branches 15% 3 Question: Continue from the previous question. What is the CPU time of the program in nanoseconds? Question: Suppose a processor P has a 2.5 GHz clock rate and a CPI of 1.5. If the processor executes a program in 3 microseconds, find the number of instructions in the program.
Consider what happens when the CPU performs a load operationsuch as movq A,%rax
Consider a 32-bit computer with the MIPS assembly set, that executes the following code fragment loaded in memory in the address 0x0000000. li $t0, 1000 li $t1, 0 li $t2, 0 loop: addi $t1, $t1, 1 addi $t2, $t2, 4 beq $t1, $t0, loop This computer has a 4-way associative cache memory of 32 KB and lines of 16 bytes. Calculate the number of cache miss of the previous code, and the hit ratio, assuming that no other program is executing and that the cache memory is initially empty.
Follow this steps. Have to Consider two different implementations, M1 and M2, of the same instruction set. There arethree classes of instructions (A, B, and C) in the instruction set. M1 has a clock rate of 2.0GHz and M2has a clock rate of 2.5GHz. The average number of cycles for each instruction class and their frequencies(for a typical program) are as follows:Instruction Class M1-Cycles/InstructionClass M2 -Cycles/InstructionClasss FrequencyA 1 2 60%B 3 2 30%C 4 3 10%(a) Calculate the average CPI for each machine, M1, and M2.(b) Calculate the average MIPS ratings for each machine, M1 and M2.(c) Which machine has a smaller MIPS rating? Which individual instruction class CPI do you needto change, and by how much, to have this machine have the same or better performance as themachine with the higher MIPS rating (you can only change the CPI for one of the instructionclasses on the slower machine)?.
Computer A has an overall CPI of 1.3 and can be run at a clock rate of 600MHz.Computer B has a CPI of 2.5 and can be run at a clock rate of 750 Mhz. Wehave a particular program we wish to run. When compiled for computer A, thisprogram has exactly 100,000 instructions. How many instructions would theprogram need to have when compiled for Computer B, in order for the twocomputers to have exactly the same execution time for this program?