21. If the original sequence of chromosome is L M NO P Q R S and two chromosomemutation occurs, resulting in sequence of L N MOPR S, what type of mutation is it?A. Two translocationB. Two inversionC. Two deletionD. One inversion and one deletion22. In humans, free ear lobe is dominant to attached ear lobe while curly hair is dominant tostraight hair. If husband and wife are double heterozygous, what is the chance of theirchildren having free ear lobes and straight hair?A. 1/16В. 2/16С. 3/16D. 9/16Page 8 of 23Cell BiologyBIO30305Dr. Ng Woei Kean202104 FE23. The followings are chemical factors that cause mutation EXCEPTA. base analogB. acid reagentC. acridine derivativeD. deaminating agent

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Description: 21. If the original sequence of chromosome is L M NO P Q R S and two chromosomemutation occurs, resulting in sequence of L N MOPR S, what type of mutation is it?A. Two translocationB. Two inversionC. Two deletionD. One inversion and one deletion22.

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21. If the original sequence of chromosome is L M NOPQRS and two chromosome mutation occurs, resulting in sequence of L N M O PRS, what type of mutation is it? A. Two translocation B. Two inversion C. Two deletion D. One inversion and one deletion

21. If the original sequence of chromosome is L M NOPQRS and two chromosome mutation occurs, resulting in sequence of L N M O PRS, what type of mutation is it? A. Two translocation B. Two inversion C. Two deletion D. One inversion and one deletion

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter19: Genomes And Proteomes

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 8TYK

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4. a. Give at least three examples of types of mutationsthat would disrupt the process of mitotic chromosomesegregation. That is, explain in what DNA structuresor in genes encoding what kinds of proteins youwould find these segregation-disrupting mutations.b. How could you use yeast artificial chromosomes(YACs) to find such mutations in S. cerevisiae?
6. A diploid strain of yeast was made by mating a haploidstrain with a genotype w−, x−, y−, and z− with a haploidstrain of opposite mating type that is wild type for thesefour genes. The diploid strain was phenotypically wildtype. Four different X-ray-induced diploid mutantswith the following phenotypes were produced fromthis diploid yeast strain. Assume a single new mutation is present in each strain.Strain 1 w− x+ y− z+Strain 2 w+ x− y− z−Strain 3 w− x+ y− z−Strain 4 w− x+ y+ z+When these mutant diploid strains of yeast go throughmeiosis, each ascus is found to contain only two viablehaploid spores.a. What kind of mutations were induced by X-rays tomake the listed diploid strains?b. Why did two spores in each ascus die?
1. In a plant, green is dominant over white leaf; long is dominant over round shape. a. How many total genotypes are possible in the offsprings of a dihybrid cross? Show the Punnet square. a. Give the phenotypic and genotypic ratios. b. What is the probability of obtaining a plant with white, round shaped leaves? 2. Since eukaryotic chromosomes are assembled with histone proteins, how are replication and transcription carried out? Describe the mechanisms. 3. How are the chromosomes of prokaryotes different from eukaryotes?
13. If gene frequency between genes a and c is 3%; b and c is 15%; b and d 7%; a and b 18%; c and d 20% and a and d 25%. The sequence of genes in a chromosome is ______? A. abcd B. adcb C. acbd D. acdb
1. Why is the relationship P=p2 used for homozygous loci?
2. Null mutations are valuable genetic resources becausethey allow a researcher to determine what happens to anorganism in the complete absence of a particular protein. However, it is often not a trivial matter to determinewhether a mutation represents the null state of the gene.a. Geneticists sometimes use the following test forthe nullness of an allele in a diploid organism: If theabnormal phenotype seen in a homozygote for theallele is identical to that seen in a heterozygote(where one chromosome carries the allele in question and the homologous chromosome is known tobe completely deleted for the gene) then the alleleis null. What is the underlying rationale for thistest? What limitations might there be in interpreting such a result?
1. A wild type chromosome has the following segments:A B C D ● E F GAn individual is heterozygous for the following mutations:A B E ● D C F Ga. What type of mutation is shown in in the chromosomes above? b. Sketch the four gametes produced by a CROSSOVER between C and D and label whether or not each gamete produced from this meiosis is viable.
8. Using recombinant DNA techniques (which willbe described in Chapter 9), it is possible to take theDNA of a gene from any source and place it on achromosome in the nucleus of a yeast cell. Whenyou take the DNA for a human gene and put it into ayeast cell chromosome, the altered yeast cell canmake the human protein. But when you remove theDNA for a gene normally present on yeast mitochondrial chromosomes and put it on a yeast chromosome inthe nucleus, the yeast cell cannot synthesize the correctprotein, even though the gene comes from the sameorganism. Explain. What would you need to do to ensurethat such a yeast cell could make the correct protein?
1. A newly discovered species of dung beetle has 2n = 16 chromosomes. It mates with a closely related beetle species that has 2n = 12 chromosomes. How many chromosomes would there be in an allotriploid beetle produced from this cross? *goes with image 1* 1. The Cavendish banana (genome = AAA), the variety most often sold in grocery stores, has what type of genome? (indicate the ploidy and if its an auto- or allo-) 2. Some bananas have genome AAB, which is an example of which kind of polyploidy? (indicate the ploidy and if its an auto- or allo-) *goes with image 2* 1. Which species of bacteria is not a heterotroph? (choose all that apply) 2. Which two species contain more cytoplasmic phospholipid membranes than the others? (choose 2) 3. Which species is capable of directed movement?(choose 1) 4. Which species have a cell wall that consists partly of an outer membrane of lipopolysaccharide? (choose all that apply) 5. Species 4 is pathogenic if it gains access to the human…
4. What indicate the relative location of genes on chromosome? A. chromosome site B. chromosome maps C. chromosome guide D. chromosome loci
1.Describe the rearrangement in chromosomes A-C. indicate the specific markers genes flanking the crossover/breakage points (e.g., a translocation with breakpoints between markers X and Z). 2.Chromosome rearrangements can be caused by crossing over between repetitive DNA sequences. Draw a picture similar to Figure showing how crossovers between repetitive sequences could have produced chromosome rearrangement A. indicate the location and orientation of the repetitive DNA segments relative to the marker genes.
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