3. A gas mixture contains 50 mol% H2 and 50 mol% He. 1.00-L samples of this gas mixture are mixed with variable volumes of O2 (at 0 °C and 1 atm). A spark is introduced to allow the mixture to undergo complete combustion. The final volume is measured at 0 °C and 1 atm. Which graph best depicts the final volume as a function of the volume of added 02? (AY 200 200 BY 175 475 1.50 130 125 00 100 029 25 0.00 00 as 108 blume O, added, L Volume O, added L 2.00 200 (C) (D) 1.75 175 150 130 100 0.50 025 000 25 075 added. L 100 Volume added L 4. What is the concentration of nitrate ions in 40.0 mL of a 0.25 M solution of copper(II) nitrate? (A) 0.010 M (B) 0.020 M (C) 0.050 M (D) 0.50 M 5. 1.000 g of a transition metal carbonate, MCO, is heated to produce the metal oxide and 0.383 g of carbon dioxide (M = 44.01). What is the identity of the metal M? (A) Mn (B) Ni (C) Cu (D) Zn Final Volume Fal VolumeLL Final Volume,
Ideal and Real Gases
Ideal gases obey conditions of the general gas laws under all states of pressure and temperature. Ideal gases are also named perfect gases. The attributes of ideal gases are as follows,
Gas Laws
Gas laws describe the ways in which volume, temperature, pressure, and other conditions correlate when matter is in a gaseous state. The very first observations about the physical properties of gases was made by Robert Boyle in 1662. Later discoveries were made by Charles, Gay-Lussac, Avogadro, and others. Eventually, these observations were combined to produce the ideal gas law.
Gaseous State
It is well known that matter exists in different forms in our surroundings. There are five known states of matter, such as solids, gases, liquids, plasma and Bose-Einstein condensate. The last two are known newly in the recent days. Thus, the detailed forms of matter studied are solids, gases and liquids. The best example of a substance that is present in different states is water. It is solid ice, gaseous vapor or steam and liquid water depending on the temperature and pressure conditions. This is due to the difference in the intermolecular forces and distances. The occurrence of three different phases is due to the difference in the two major forces, the force which tends to tightly hold molecules i.e., forces of attraction and the disruptive forces obtained from the thermal energy of molecules.
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