3. The enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase ispresented in the human population by 2 variants thatdiffer in one amino acid: in variant 1 - Asp, in variant 2- Asn. Determine if the described enzyme variants areexamples of polymorphic proteins. For solutions:a) using the table of the genetic code, indicate whatchanges in the codon of the gene of this enzyme led tothe emergence of these options;b) explain what protein polymorphism is and whatare the reasons for its occurrence. 1. Growth factors stimulate the cell to enter the G1phase of the cell cycle. During this phase, the synthesisof enzymes that catalyze the formation ofdeoxyribonucleotides (dNTPs) is induced. In whatprocess are these substrates used in the S phase of thecell cycle? To answer the question:a) Draw a scheme of the process in whichdeoxyribonucleotides are substrates;b) name the enzymes, indicate their role and thebiological significance of the process.

Descriptions of Protein polymorphism. Note: since your first question has two sub parts-a and b…

3. The enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is presented in the human population by 2 variants that differ in one amino acid: in variant 1 Asp, in variant 2 - Asn. Determine if the described enzyme variants are examples of polymorphic proteins. For solutions: a) using the table of the genetic code, indicate what changes in the codon of the gene of this enzyme led to the emergence of these options; b) explain what protein polymorphism is and what are the reasons for its occurrence.

3. The enzyme glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is presented in the human population by 2 variants that differ in one amino acid: in variant 1 Asp, in variant 2 - Asn. Determine if the described enzyme variants are examples of polymorphic proteins. For solutions: a) using the table of the genetic code, indicate what changes in the codon of the gene of this enzyme led to the emergence of these options; b) explain what protein polymorphism is and what are the reasons for its occurrence.

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter10: Cell Division And Mitosis

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1ITD: Biologists have long been interested in the effects of radiation on cells. In one experiment,...

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Which of the following statements about cell cycle regulators is incorrect? a. The concentrations of cyclins change throughout the cell cycle. b. Cyclins are present in all stages of the cell cycle except S. c. Cyclin-Cdk complexes phosphorylate target proteins. d. Cdks combine with cyclin to move the cycle into mitosis. e. During anaphase of mitosis, cyclin is degraded, allowing mitosis to end.
f you are growing mammalian cells in culture that are in G0, which of the following would you add to the cell culture media to stimulate them to leave G0 and enter the cell cycle? A. growth factors or other growth stimulatory molecules B. Taq polymerase C. Tau D. BrdU E. Na+ ions
What cellular mechanism(s) ensure that passage through the cell cycle is unidirectional and irreversible? What mo-lecular machinery underlies these mechanism(s)?
1. (a) Describe the generalized model of the cell cycle. Demonstrate how cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases can regulate the cell cycle. (b). Describe three ways in which cells lose their ability to regulate their growth to become cancerous.
1 Given the events of the cell cycle shown above, where would you predict there might be checkpoints where internal regulatory cyclins "look at" the cycle to see if the cell cycle should continue? Explain your reasoning. 2. Compare & contrast the cell during the G phase of interphase with the 2 daughter cells. (You may use a Venn diagram.) 3. Research which areas of the human body have very active mitotic activity, and write a short essay about your findings. Include information about why these areas are this way. Directions: Use the pictures to help with the 3 questions, I would really appreciate it. If you could explain how you got your answers separately that would be helpful but not necessary. Thank you so much.
1.Colchicine is a type of drug that inhibits the microtubule formation during the cell division. Let’s say that the onion root tip (a place where most of the plant’s cells divide) was submerge in colchicine solution. a. How do you think will be the cell’s respond? Will it continue its cell division? Why or why not? b. Let’s say that the cells in onion root tip treated with colchicine were not halted at spindle checkpoint. What do you think will happen during the division?
1) The activity of the cell cycle is controlled by the abundance of: A) protein ligases and protein kinases B) protein kinases C) protein ligases D) protein kinases and cyclins E) cyclins Eukaryotes - prokaryotes? Which are the latter? A) bacteria B) animals C) tardigrades D) plants E) fungi During translation the ribosome: A) reads the DNA from 5' to 3' B) ribosomes are not involved in translation C) reads the RNA from 3' to 5' D) reads the DNA from 3' to 5' E) reads the RNA from 5' to 3'
1. In animals, cytokinesis occurs in which of the following phases of mitosis? a. Telophase b. Interphase c. Anaphase d. Prophase 2. Which of the following best describes the function of telomerase? a. The telomerase uses its RNA component as a template and performs reverse transcription to extend the telomeres. b. The telomerase uses an external RNA transcript as a template and performs reverse transcription to extend the telomeres. c. The telomerase uses its RNA component as a template and recruits DNA polymerase I to extend the telomeres. d. The telomerase uses an external RNA transcript as a template and recruits DNA polymerase I to extend the telomeres. 3. Which of the following is not involved in the elongation of prokaryotic peptide? a. EE-Tus, EE-Ts, EF-G factors b. mRNA c. peptidyl transferase d. formyl met tRNA
1. A defective white blood cell does not complete the process of DNA replication. Which of the following is most likely to occur during the cell cycle for this cell? a. The white blood cell will be stopped at the G1 checkpoint and sent to the G0. b. The G2 checkpoint will stop the cell from continuing in the cell cycle. c. The white blood cell will get stuck at the spindle checkpoint. d.The cell will continue on to cytokinesis. 2. Which of the following statements describes how the RNA sequence specifies the production of an amino acid chain? a. Each set of three bases codes for an RNA molecule that specifies the anticodon. b. Each set of three bases codes for a single amino acid. c. Each base codes for one amino acid. d. Each group of three bases codes for an enzyme that binds amino acids together. 3. What will most likely happen when the -35 element and pribnow box are mutated? a. RNA Polymerase II will not be able to bind to the promoter region. b. Prokaryotic RNA…
BPA is a chemical compound that has historically been used in themanufacture of plastic products. However, cells often mistake BPAcompounds for hormones that accelerate the cell cycle. Because ofthis, BPA is associated with an increased risk of certain cancers. Question: Why do you think that very small concentrations of BPA mighthave a large effect on the cell?
Briefly explain: What is meant by the term “cycle” in cell cycle? What is happening in the S phase and M phase?
Figure 28.11 depicts the eukaryotic cell cycle. Many cell types â€œexitâ€� the cell cycle and donâ€™t divide for prolonged periods, a state termedG0; some, for example neurons, never divide again. a. In what stage of the cell cycle do you suppose a cell might be when it exits the cell cycle and enters G0? b. The cell cycle is controlled by checkpoints, cyclins, and CDKs. Describe how biochemical events involving cyclins and CDKs might control passage of a dividing cell through the cell cycle.