3. Two stores are located side by side. They attract customers to each other and to themselves by advertising. The profit functions of the two stores are (45+ x₂)x₁-2 for store 1 and (90+ x₁)x2 - 2x for store 2, where x₁ and x2 are total advertising expenditures by stores 1 and 2, respectively. If each store sets its advertising expenditures independently (as in Nash equilibrium), how much would store 1 spend on advertising? Call this amount A₁. How much would store 1 spend on advertising if it and store 2 act as one firm that maximizes profit? Call this amount A₁M. 3.1 Calculate A₁-
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- PC Connection and CDW are two online retailers that compete in an Internet market for digital cameras. While the products they sell are similar, the firms attempt to differentiate themselves through their service policies. Over the last couple of months, PC Connection has matched CDW’s price cuts but has not matched its price increases. Suppose that when PC Connection matches CDW’s price changes, the inverse demand curve for CDW’s cameras is given by P = 1,500 − 3Q. When it does not match price changes, CDW’s inverse demand curve is P = 900 − 0.50Q. Based on this information, determine CDW’s inverse demand and marginal revenue functions over the last couple of months. Over what range will changes in marginal cost have no effect on CDW’s profit-maximizing level of output?Three oligopolistic firms ("1", "2" and "3") conduct quantity competition in a certain market. The interactions between them take place as follows: firm 1 defines its production quantity, which is immediately observed by firms 2 and 3; then, firm 2 makes its decision on how much it will produce, and only after observing the decisions of firms 1 and 2 does firm 3 finally make its respective choice. Furthermore, the total costs of firms 1, 2 and 3 correspond respectively to c₁(q₁) = 10q₁, c₂(q₂) = 8q₂ and c₃(q₃) = 2q₃, and the firms face a (inverse) demand given by p(Q) = 110 - Q (where Q = q₁ + q₂ + q₃). Based on this information, determine what will be the total amount produced by the firms in the (single) ENPS for that game. (Note: the correct answer is an integer.)There are two competing companies: Starbucks and Coffee Bean. Both companies want to determine whether they should launch a new advertising campaign for their coffee shops. If both companies start advertising, Starbucks will attract 4 new customers, while Coffee Bean will attract 3 new customers. However, if both companies decide not to advertise, Starbucks will attract only 3 new customers and 2 new customers for Coffee Bean. If only Starbucks decides to advertise, it will attract 5 new customers, while Coffee Bean will attract only 1 new customer for not advertising. While if only Coffee Bean decides to advertise, it will attract 5 new customers, and Starbucks will only attract 2 new customers for not advertising. What is the optimal strategy for Coffee Bean if Starbucks chooses to Advertise? Please explain in detail In relation to that, if Coffee Bean chooses to Advertise, the Payoff is __. In relation to that, if Coffee Bean chooses Not to Advertise, the Payoff is __. What is…
- Suppose that GE is trying to prevent Maytag from entering the market for high efficiency clothes dryers. Even though high efficiency dryers are more costly to produce, they are also more profitable as they command sufficiently higher prices from consumers. The following payoffs table shows the annual profits for GE and Maytag for the advertising spending and entry decisions that they are facing. GE MAYTAG Advertising = $12m Advertising = $0.7m Stay Out $0, $30m $0, $35m Enter $1m , $20m $12m, $15 Based on this information, can GE successfully prevent Maytag from entering this market by increasing its advertising levels? What is the equilibrium outcome in this game? Suppose that an analyst at GE is convinced that just a little bit more advertising by GE, say another $2m, would be sufficient to deter enough customers from buying Maytag, thus, yield less than $0 profits for Maytag in the event it enters. Suppose that spending an extra $2m on advertising…Suppose that two Japanese companies, Hitachi and Toshiba, are the sole producers (i.e., duopolists) of a microprocessor chip used in a number of different brands of personal computers. Assume that total demand for the chips is fixed and that each firm charges the same price for the chips. Each firm’s market share and profits are a function of the magnitude of the promotional campaign used to promote its version of the chip. Also assume that only two strategies are available to each firm: a limited promotional campaign (budget) and an extensive promotional campaign (budget). If the two firms engage in a limited promotional campaign, each firm will earn a quarterly profit of $14 million. If the two firms undertake an extensive promotional campaign, each firm will earn a quarterly profit of $11 million. With this strategy combination, market share and total sales will be the same as for a limited promotional campaign, but promotional costs will be higher and hence profits will be lower.…Exercise 6.7. Suppose two identical companies produce wood stoves and they are the only ones on the market. Its costs are given by: C1 (q1 )=200q1 and C2 (q2) = 200q2. And the inverse market demand curve is: P=2000-2Q, where Q =q1 + q2 Get the Cournot-Nash equilibrium. Calculate the profits of each company. Show graphically. Suppose that the two companies form a cartel to maximize joint profits. How many stoves will you produce? Calculate the profits of each company. Represent graphically. Managers now note that explicit agreements to collude are illegal. Each company must decide on its own whether to produce the amount of Cournot or that of the cartel.
- Consider an oligopolistic industry with N competing firms. Suppose that these firms have no fixed costs and that they all have the same marginal costs. Each firm must choose what quantity to produce independently of each other, and all firms must choose at the same time. If we increase the number of firms in this industry (to for example N+1), the market price a.increases b.decreases c.remains unchanged d.becomes nil e.none of the aboveExercise 6.5 Suppose there are only two companies (1 and 2) that fix flat tyres in the local market and compete in a duopoly of Cournot. The two companies repair punctures identically, so consumers will not care about repairing the puncture in company 1 or 2. The inverse demand curve for this market is: P=100-2Q, where Q is the total number of punctures repaired per day by the two companies, that is: Q=q1+q2. The marginal cost of repairing a flat tyre for company 1 is 12 euros, while for company 2 it is 20 euros. We will assume that neither company has fixed costs. a) Suppose that this market is a Stackelberg oligopoly and that company 1 is the first to decide how many punctures to repair each day. How many punctures a day will each company repair? What will be the market price of repairing a puncture? How much profit will each company make per day? b) Suppose now that the two firms, instead of competing in quantities, compete on prices according to Bertrand's model. Determine what the…Exercise 6.4. Suppose there are only two companies (1 and 2) that fix flat tyres in the local market and compete in a duopoly of Cournot. The two companies repair punctures identically, so consumers will not care about repairing the puncture in company 1 or 2. The inverse demand curve for this market is: P=100-2Q, where Q is the total number of punctures repaired per day by the two companies, that is: Q=q1+q2. The marginal cost of repairing a flat tyre for company 1 is 12 euros, while for company 2 it is 20 euros. We will assume that neither company has fixed costs. a) Suppose that this market is a Stackelberg oligopoly and that company 1 is the first to decide how many punctures to repair each day. How many punctures a day will each company repair? What will be the market price of repairing a puncture? How much profit will each company make per day? b)Suppose now that the two firms, instead of competing in quantities, compete on prices according to Bertrand's model. Determine what the…
- Exercise 6.4. Suppose there are only two companies (1 and 2) that fix flat tyres in the local market and compete in a duopoly of Cournot. The two companies repair punctures identically, so consumers will not care about repairing the puncture in company 1 or 2. The inverse demand curve for this market is: P=100-2Q, where Q is the total number of punctures repaired per day by the two companies, that is: Q=q1+q2. The marginal cost of repairing a flat tyre for company 1 is 12 euros, while for company 2 it is 20 euros. We will assume that neither company has fixed costs. a) Get the profit functions of each of the companies based on q1 and q2. b) Obtain the reaction curves of each of the companies. c) How many punctures a day will each company repair in the Cournot equilibrium? d) What will be the market price of repairing a puncture? e) What profit will each company obtain in a day? f) Show with graphs.Suppose that the pricing strategies for FiberOne and of Starlink are shown in the table below. They have to decide whether to charge a high or low price for their internet service. The four pairs of payoff values show what each company expects to earn or lose in millions of dollars, depending on what the other company does.FiberOne’s Price StrategyStarlink’s Price StrategyHigh Price Low PriceHigh Price Starlink+$200 FiberOne +$200 Starlink+$500 FiberOne - $100Low Price Starlink-$100 FiberOne + 500 Starlink+$100 FiberOne +$100If it’s expected that the incomes of people living in rural Nigeria is expected to increase, what will the equilibrium outcome be, ceteris paribus?a) a) Starlink will charge a low price; FiberOne will charge a high price.b) b) Starlink will charge a high price; FiberOne will charge a low price.c) c) Both Starlink and FiberOne will charge a low price.d) d) Both Starlink and FiberOne will charge a high price.4)The result with unspecified N firms can be applied to N approaching infinity. Q2) Which of the following statements about the classic Cournot duopoly model is incorrect? 1)The products of the two firms are homogeneous. 2)It is a static game with complete information. 3)The two firms decide on their prices and let their quantities be dictated demand conditions. 4)There exist examples that have unique Nash equilibrium points