30. Calculate the entropy change for formation of exactly I mol of each of these gaseous hydrocarbons under standard conditions from carbon (graphite) and hydrogen. What trend do you see in these values? Does AS° increase or decrease on adding H atoms? a) acetylene, C,H,(g) b) ethylene, C,H,(g) ) ethane, C,H,(g)

30. Calculate the entropy change for formation of exactly I mol of each of these gaseous hydrocarbons under standard conditions from carbon (graphite) and hydrogen. What trend do you see in these values? Does AS° increase or decrease on adding H atoms? a) acetylene, C,H,(g) b) ethylene, C,H,(g) ) ethane, C,H,(g)

Chemistry: The Molecular Science

5th Edition

ISBN:9781285199047

Author:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Publisher:John W. Moore, Conrad L. Stanitski

Chapter16: Thermodynamics: Directionality Of Chemical Reactions

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 113QRT

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Human DNA contains almost twice as much information as is needed to code for all the substances produced in the body. Likewise, the digital data sent from Voyager II contained one redundant bit out of every two bits of information. The Hubble space telescope transmits three redundant bits for every bit of information. How is entropy related to the transmission of information? What do you think is accomplished by having so many redundant bits of information in both DNA and the space probes?
10.69 If a sample of air were separated into nitrogen and oxygen molecules (ignoring other gases present), what would be the sign of for this process? Explain your answer. The next four questions relate to the following paragraph [Frank L. Lambert, Journal of Chemical Education, 76(10), 1999, 1385]. "The movement of macro objects from one location to another by an external agent involves no change in the objects' physical (thermodynamic) entropy. The agent of movement undergoes a thermodynamic entropy increase in the process."
The deciding factor on why HF is a weak acid and not a strong acid like the other hydrogen halides is entropy. What occurs when HF dissociates in water as compared to the other hydrogen halides?
Calculate the entropy change for the vaporization of liquid methane and liquid hexane using the following data. Boilling point (1atm) Hvap Methane 112K 8.20 KJ/mol Hexane 342K 28.9 KJ/mol Compare the molar volume of gaseous methane at 112 K with that of gaseous hexane at 342 K. How do the differences in molar volume affect the values of Svap for these liquids?
The standard molar entropy of methanol vapor, CH3OH(g), is 239.8 J K1 mol-1. (a) Calculate the entropy change for the vaporization of 1 mol methanol (use data from Table 16.1 or Appendix J). (b) Calculate the enthalpy of vaporization of methanol, assuming that rS doesnt depend on temperature and taking the boiling point of methanol to be 64.6C.
When ammonium chloride is added to water and stirred, it dissolves spontaneously and the resulting solution feels cold. Without doing any calculations, deduce the signs of G, H, and S for this process, and justify your choices.
The deciding factor on why HF is a weak acid and not a strong acid like the other hydrogen halides is entropy. What occurs when HF dissociates in water as compared to the other hydrogen halides?
The standard molar entropy of iodine vapor, I2(g), is 260.7 J Kl mol-1 and the standard molar enthalpy of formation is 62.4 kJ/mol. a) Calculate the entropy change for vaporization of 1 mol of solid iodine (use data from Table 16.1 or Appendix J). b) Calculate the enthalpy change for sublimation of iodine. c) Assuming that rSdoes not change with temperature, estimate the temperature at which iodine would sublime (change directly from solid to gas).
Ethanethiol (C2H5SH; also called ethyl mercaptan) is commonly added to natural gas to provide the rotten egg smell of a gas leak. The boiling point of ethanethiol is 35C and its heat of vaporization is 27.5 kJ/mol. What is the entropy of vaporization for this substance?
According to Lambert, leaves lying in the yard and playing cards that are in disarray on a table have not undergone an increase in their thermodynamic entropy. Suggest another reason why leaves and playing cards may not be a good analogy for the entropy of a system containing, for example, only H2O molecules or only O2 molecules.
Diethyl ether is a liquid at normal temperature and pressure, and it boils at 35 C. Given that H is 26.0 kJ/mol for the vaporization of diethyl ether, find its molar entropy change for vaporization.
Liquid water at 25C is introduced into an evacuated, insulated vessel. Identify the signs of the following thermodynamic functions for the process that occurs: H, S, Twater, Ssurr,, Suniv.

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