4. 3-ethylcyclohexanone is being reacted with 1-propylmagnesium bromide (Grignard reagent) in the first step followed by reaction with water in the second step. The electron pair on the carbon ionically bonded to the magnesium reacts with the electrophillic ketone carbon attached to the oxygen. This results in breaking the pi-bond between the carbon and oxygen giving the oxygen an additional lone-pair and a negative charge. The negatively charged oxygen is ionically bonded to the magnesium bromide. In the next step, one of the electron pairs on the negatively charged oxygen abstracts a hydrogen from the water. The resulting products are a secondary alcohol and magnesium ionically bonded to a bromide and hydroxide.

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Aromatic Compounds

Aromatic organic compound or aromatic system is an important class of hydrocarbons under the branch of organic chemistry. Aromatic compounds are also called arenas. The definition of aromatic organic compounds can be stated as a class of organic compounds with a planar cyclic ring of atoms bonded through alternated single and double bonds. Due to these alternating bonds, a peculiar feature termed as ‘resonance’, that is, delocalization of pi electrons or the electrons is shared within the atoms of the ring which are present in the aromatic compounds. The word ‘aromatic’ includes a Greek word ‘aroma’ which means smell, indicating that they were named as such due to the sweet odor they produce. Many well-known flavors such as vanilla, cinnamon, and few scents from flowers are extracted from aromatic compounds. Benzene with chemical formula C6H6 is a very common aromatic compound that contains six atoms of carbon held in the cyclic ring of alternate double bonds. It is also to be noted that not all aromatic compounds contain benzene ring. This can be explained by Huckel’s rule.