4. Evolutionary change due to mutation, resulting from an altered nucleotide sequence (in a cell or in a virus), is thought to be most rapid in which of the following cases? A. in the case of double-stranded DNA viruses (like the smallpox virus) B. in the case of double-stranded DNA in eubacterial cells C. in the case of single-stranded RNA viruses (like the influenza virus) D. in the case of double-stranded DNA in eukaryotic cells E. in the case of double-stranded DNA in archaeobacterial cells

4. Evolutionary change due to mutation, resulting from an altered nucleotide sequence (in a cell or in a virus), is thought to be most rapid in which of the following cases? A. in the case of double-stranded DNA viruses (like the smallpox virus) B. in the case of double-stranded DNA in eubacterial cells C. in the case of single-stranded RNA viruses (like the influenza virus) D. in the case of double-stranded DNA in eukaryotic cells E. in the case of double-stranded DNA in archaeobacterial cells

Biology: The Dynamic Science (MindTap Course List)

4th Edition

ISBN:9781305389892

Author:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Publisher:Peter J. Russell, Paul E. Hertz, Beverly McMillan

Chapter25: The Origin Of Life

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 7TYK: In a population of self-replicating RNA molecules, natural selection would favor those molecules...

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1. How may recombinant DNA molecules be introduced into human cells? a. by splicing the needed genes into a mammalian chromosome using restriction enzymes. b. by adding plasmids to the mammalian cells. c. by using engineered viruses as vectors. d. by using a gene gun. 2. If someone is accused of a crime, investigators can collect his or her DNA to compare the DNA of the cells found at the crime scene. To collect human DNA, investigators often swab the inside of person’s cheek. Just a few human cheek cells contain enough material to perform PCR. In a cell, the nucleus and mitochondria contain DNA that is the starting material for PCR. Identify the 4 components needed to start a PCR reaction (equipment not included)
4. Explain the following relationship: DNA formats RNA, which makes proteins.
If DNA of a particular species was analyzed and it was found that it contains 27 percent A, what would be the percentage of C? 27 percent 30 percent 23 percent 54 percent
Which of the following statements about DNA is false? a. Phosphate is linked to the 5 and 3 carbons of adjacentdeoxyribose molecules. b. DNA is bidirectional in its synthesis. c. Each side of the helix is antiparallel to the other. d. The binding of adenine to thymine is through three hydrogenbonds. e. Avery identified DNA as the transforming factor in crossesbetween smooth and rough bacteria.
In a population of self-replicating RNA molecules, natural selection would favor those molecules that: a. have longer nucleotide sequences. b. have shorter nucleotide sequences. c. replicate more rapidly. d. replicate with a higher mutation frequency. e. are transported across lipid membranes.
The statement DNA replicates by a semiconservative mechanism means that (a) only one DNA strand is copied (b) first one DNA strand is copied and then the other strand is copied (c) the two strands of a double helix have identical base sequences (d) some portions of a single DNA strand are old and other portions are newly synthesized (e) each double helix consists of one old and one newly synthesized strand
For each species, all ________ in the complete set of chromosomes is the ________. a. genomes; library b. DNA; genome c. mRNA; start of cDNA d. cDNA; start of mRNA
Which of the following is not a characteristic of all living organisms? a. They replicate genetic information and convert the information into proteins. b. They pass genetic information between generations. c. They have an internal metabolic system that provides energyfor biological activity. d. They use external energy to drive internal reactions thatrequire energy. e. They use mitochondria for synthesis of ATP.
2. What does the salt in the soapy salt solution do in the DNA extraction? a. It dissolves the DNA. b. It displaced a lot of proteins to free the DNA. c. It disrupts the phospholipid bilayer. d. It precipitates the DNA.
4. It is known that RNA is a nucleic acid responsible for the synthesis of proteins. However, there is another nucleic acid alongside RNA: DNA. What role does the latter play in relation to RNA? a) RNA is synthesized in the cell in case too large a mutation damages the DNA. b) DNA has the reproductive genetic code of all cells and passes it on to RNA. c) DNA directs the synthesis of enzymes, while RNA synthesizes proteins. d) DNA synthesizes RNA according to a blueprint that includes the guidelines necessary for the structure of proteins.
7. Why recombinant DNA is very useful in improving our health conditions?A. Human insulin can be reproduced by bacteria?B. Vaccine can be reproduced by fungi or bacteriaC. Human growth hormone can be obtained from E. ColiD. All of the above 8. Which of the following is/are example of genetic engineering?A. A farmer choose a breed of cow for greater milk production.B. The use of bacteria in order to produce human insulinC. The insertion of clone genes to plant cellsD. Cross pollination of squash flowers. 9. Bacterial cells as host organisms may expose the gene to make protein products such as insulin and growth hormone . Which of the following processes are involved?A. replication and transcription. B. Transcription and replication C. Transcription and transformation. D. Replication and transformation
3)What would be the third amino acid produced by the DNA strand: T A C C G A G T C A C G (Hint: use the mRNA strand you already coded)