4. Most sports injuries are immediate and obvious, like a broken leg. However, some can be more subtle, like the neurological damage may occur when soccer players repeatedly head a soccer ball. To examine long-term effects of repeated heading, Downs and Abwender (2002) examined two different age groups of soccer players and swimmers. The dependent variable was performance on a conceptual thinking task. Following are hypothetical data, similar to the research results.

Glencoe Algebra 1, Student Edition, 9780079039897, 0079039898, 2018
18th Edition
ISBN:9780079039897
Author:Carter
Publisher:Carter
Chapter10: Statistics
Section10.6: Summarizing Categorical Data
Problem 27PPS
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4. Most sports injuries are immediate and obvious, like a broken leg. However, some can be more subtle, like the
neurological damage may occur when soccer players repeatedly head a soccer ball. To examine long-term effects
of repeated heading, Downs and Abwender (2002) examined two different age groups of soccer players and
swimmers. The dependent variable was performance on a conceptual thinking task. Following are hypothetical
data, similar to the research results.
Soccer, Older
n = 20
Soccer, College
n = 20
M= 9
M= 4
T= 180
T= 80
SS = 380
SS = 390
Swimming, College
n = 20
M= 9
Swimming, Older
n = 20
M= 8
T= 180
T= 160
SS = 350
SS= 400
a. Using the 5 steps of hypothesis testing, do these data indicate any significant differences for the conceptual
thinking task?
b. Compute n² for each F test.
Transcribed Image Text:4. Most sports injuries are immediate and obvious, like a broken leg. However, some can be more subtle, like the neurological damage may occur when soccer players repeatedly head a soccer ball. To examine long-term effects of repeated heading, Downs and Abwender (2002) examined two different age groups of soccer players and swimmers. The dependent variable was performance on a conceptual thinking task. Following are hypothetical data, similar to the research results. Soccer, Older n = 20 Soccer, College n = 20 M= 9 M= 4 T= 180 T= 80 SS = 380 SS = 390 Swimming, College n = 20 M= 9 Swimming, Older n = 20 M= 8 T= 180 T= 160 SS = 350 SS= 400 a. Using the 5 steps of hypothesis testing, do these data indicate any significant differences for the conceptual thinking task? b. Compute n² for each F test.
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