52 Under certain rare circumstances, a nucleus can decay byemitting a particle more massive than an alpha particle. Considerthe decays223Ra - 20Pb + 14Cand223Ra - 21°RN + 4He.Calculate the Q value for the (a) first and (b) second decay anddetermine that both are energetically possible. (c) The Coulombbarrier height for alpha-particle emission is 30.0 MeV. What is thebarrier height for 14C emission? (Be careful about the nuclearradii.) The needed atomic masses are223Ra 223.018 50 u14C 14.003 24 u209Pb 208.981 07 u"He 4.002 60 u219Rn 219.009 48 u

a) The expression to calculate the Q value is,

Answered: 52 Under certain rare circumstances, a…

College Physics

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Chapter33: Particle Physics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 21PE: (a) Verify from its quark composition that the particle could be an excited state of the proton. (b)...

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Unreasonable Results A frazzled theoretical physicist reckons that all conservation laws are obeyed in the decay of a proton into a neutron, positron, and neutrino (as in (+ decay of a nucleus) and sends a paper to a journal to announce the reaction as a possible end of the universe due to the spontaneous decay of protons. (a) What energy is released in this decay? (b) What is unreasonable about this result? (c) What assumption is responsible?
(a) Calculate the energy released in the a decay of 238U. (b) What fraction of the mass at a single 238U is destroyed in the decay? The mass of 234Th is 234.043593 u. (c) Although the fractional mass loss is laws for a single nucleus, it is difficult to observe for an entire macroscopic sample of uranium. Why is this?
The electrical power output of a large nuclear reactor facility is 900 MW. It has a 35.0% efficiency in converting nuclear power to electrical. (a) What is the thermal nuclear power output in megawatts? (b) How many 235U nuclei fission each second, assuming the average fission produces 200 MeV? (c) What mass of 235U is fissioned in one year of fullpower operation?
(a) How much energy would be released if the proton did decay 1uria the conjectured reaction (b) Given that the decays to two (s and that the will find an electron to annihilate, what total energy is ultimately produced in proton decay? (c) Why is this energy greater than the proton's total mass (converted to energy)?
If the rest energies of a proton and a neutron (the two constituents of nuclei) are 938.3 and 939.6 MeV respectively, what is the difference in their masses in kilograms?
When a nucleus (decays, does the (particle move continuously from inside the nucleus to outside? That is, does it travel each point along an imaginary line from inside to out? Explain.
(a) Verify from its quark composition that the particle could be an excited state of the proton. (b) There is a spread of about 100 MeV in the decay energy of the interpreted as uncertainty due to its short lifetime. What is its approximate lifetime? (c) Does its decay proceed via the strong or weak force?
(a) Use the Heisenberg uncertainty principle to calculate the uncertainty in energy for a corresponding time interval of 10-43s. (b) Compare this energy with the 1019 GeV unification-of-forces energy and discuss why they are similar.
The purpose of this problem is to show in three ways that the binding energy at the election in a hydrogen atom is negligible compared with the masses of the proton and electron. (a) Calculate the mass equivalent in u of the 13.6eV binding energy of an electron in a hydrogen atom, and compete this with the mass of the hydrogen atom obtained from Appendix A. (b) Subtract the mass at the proton given in Table 31.2 from the mass at the hydrogen atom given in Appendix A. You will find the difference is equal to the electron’s mass to three digits, implying the binding energy is small in comparison. (c) Take the ratio of the binding energy at the electron (13.6 eV) to the energy equivalent of the electron's mass (0.511 MeV). (d) Discuss how your answers confirm the stated purpose of this problem.
A particle has a mass equal to 10 u. If this mass is converted completely into energy, how much energy is released? Express your answer in mega-electron volts (MeV). (Recall that 1 eV = 1.61019 J.)
A particle physicist discovers a neutral particle with a mass of 2.02733 u that he assumes is two neutrons bound together. Find the binding energy. What is unreasonable about this result?
If 1.01030MeV of energy is released in the annihilation of a sphere of matter and antimatter, and the spheres are equal mass, what are the masses of the spheres?

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