6-47E A heat pump with a COP of 1.4 is to produce 100,000 Btu/h heating effect. How much power does this device require, in hp?
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- 2.2 A small dam, which is idealized by a large slab 1.2 m thick, is to be completely poured in a short Period of time. The hydration of the concrete results in the equivalent of a distributed source of constant strength of 100 W/m3. If both dam surfaces are at 16°C, determine the maximum temperature to which the concrete will be subjected, assuming steady-state conditions. The thermal conductivity of the wet concrete can be taken as 0.84 W/m K.Determine the rate of heat transfer per meter length to a light oil flowing through a 2.5-cm-ID, 60-cm-long copper tube at a velocity of 0.03 m/s. The oil enters the tube at 16C, and the tube is heated by steam condensing on its outer surface at atmospheric pressure with a heat transfer coefficient of 11.3 kW/m K. The properties of the oil at various temperatures are listed in the following table: Temperature, T(C) 15 30 40 65 100 (kg/m3) 912 912 896 880 864 c(kJ/kgK) 1.80 1.84 1.925 2.0 2.135 k(W/mK) 0.133 0.133 0.131 0.129 0.128 (kg/ms) 0.089 0.0414 0.023 0.00786 0.0033 Pr 1204 573 338 122 552.30 An electrical heater capable of generating 10,000 W is to be designed. The heating element is to be a stainless steel wire having an electrical resistivity of ohm-centimeter. The operating temperature of the stainless steel is to be no more than 1260°C. The heat transfer coefficient at the outer surface is expected to be no less than in a medium whose maximum temperature is 93°C. A transformer capable of delivering current at 9 and 12 V is available. Determine a suitable size for the wire, the current required, and discuss what effect a reduction in the heat transfer coefficient would have. (Hint: Demonstrate first that the temperature drop between the center and the surface of the wire is independent of the wire diameter, and determine its value.)
- In the United States, energy for household heating is generally sold using English units, e.g., therm, gal, and cord. A house in Wisconsin uses 1200 therms of thermal energy during the heating season. Calculate the cost of fuel if the furnace uses (a) natural gas with an efficiency of 70%; (b) No. 2 fuel oil, efficiency 65%; (c) kerosene, efficiency 99.9% (unvented); and (d) wood with l5% moisture with an efficiency of 50%. Use the data in Tables 2.2, 2.7, and 2.13. The efficiencies are based on the HHV. Assume the cost of natural gas is $8/MBtu, the cost of No. 2 fuel oil is $3/gal, the cost of kerosene is $3.50/gal, and the cost of wood is $100/cord. Assume the bulk density of cord wood is 30 lbm/ft3 .Given a plaster of paris (PoP) slab with L = 0.052 cm, W = 0.052 cm, and H = 0.0095 cm, what is the heat transfer coefficient if the biot number is 0.19682? Other data (if necessary):Initial Temperature: 328.2 CSurrounding Temperature: 27.9 CPoP Density: 680 kg/m^3Heat Capacity: 1090 J/kgKThermal Conductivity: 0.1185 W/mKA jacketed reactor heats a stream of water from 10°C to 54°C as an initial part of sauce production to increase production.To increase the heat transfer to the water, a rotary agitator (turbine flow) is placed and thus increase the average heat transfer coefficient on the inner wall of the reactor by 32%, by generating more turbulence in the water (from 1.00 to 1.32).After improvement, this coefficient can be estimated with Nu=0.76Re2/3Pr1/3. To heat the water, saturated steam at 100°C is condensed on the jacket, whose average heat transfer coefficient is h0=13.3(Tgas-Twater) -0,25kW/m²•K. The dimensions of the reactor are Dt=0.6m (reactor tank internally), H=0.6m and Da=0.2m (agitator). The agitator speed is 60rpm.Determine the mass flow rate of water that can be heated steadily under the given reactor conditions if the wall thickness is 3 mm of food-grade steel. Mainly, I also need the solution from concepts of how the heat flow behaves in the system, it can be with a diagram.
- Most automobiles have a coolant reservoir to catch radiator fluid that may overflow when the engine is hot. Such a radiator, made of copper, is filled to its 12-L capacity when at 10.0°C. -What volume of radiator fluid, in liters, will overflow when the radiator and fluid reach their 99.5°C operating temperature, given that the fluid’s thermal coefficient of volume expansion is 400.0 × 10-6 / °C? The coefficient of volume expansion for copper is 5.1 × 10-5 /°C.Hi, can you help me with the following problem? A thermally insulated tank of water 2 m x 2 m, depth 1 m is stirred with a paddle for threehours. If the paddle is driven by a motor whose shaft power is 8 kW determine the rate ofchange of temperature in degrees C per hr and the increase in temperature of the water.The specific heat of water is 4200 J/kgC. Identify a system and start your analysis from anappropriate form of the Fist Law of ThermodynamicsA coal with a higher heating value of 6,700 Kcal/kg is consumed at a rate of 600 kg/hr. in a water tube steam generator with a rated boiler horsepower of 200 HP. The feedwater temperature is 82°C and steam generated is at 11 kg/cm2 absolute, saturated. The developed boiler horsepower is equivalent to 305 HP. Determine: a. Heating surface area in m²b. Steam evaporated in kg/hrc. ASME evaporating units in J/hrd. Percent ratinge. Factor of evaporationf. Over-all thermal efficiencyg. actual specific evaporationh. Equivalent specific evaporation
- Water (T = 20°C) from a reservoir is pumped up at 5 kg/s through a 3-in Sch. 40 pipe connected to a storage tank of relatively large area. The tank is 7 m from the reservoir where the pump is placed on its side delivering 30 kW of power. The fluid absorbs heat at 3.5 kW. Illustrate and determine the temperature at the receiver tank.Answer this ASAP The diameter of the tube is 25 mm. The specific heat of water is 4.18 kJ/kg.°C. The overall heat transfer coefficient is 0.7 kW/m².°C. 1. Schematic of temperature distribution 2.ΔTLMTD 3.Actual heat transfer rate 4.Cmin 5.Maximum heat transfer rateA steam pipe carrying steam at 380 kPa pressure for a distance of 120 m in a chemical plant is not insulated. Estimate the Amount of heat saved if 16 cm steam line were covered with 85% magnesia pipe covering 5 cm thick. Take room temperature to be 36 ℃. Thermal conductivity of 85% magnesia is 0.0745 W/m−K , unit convective coefficient of room air, ho = 12 W m2−K .Take the steam temperature as 142℃. Use atleast 4 decimal places in every computation