7. Identify and define two processesby which water naturally changes froma solid or liquid to a gas.8. Define exchange pool and reservoir,and identify an example of each in thewater cycle.9. State three ways that carbondioxide enters Earth's atmosphere.10. What is climate? How does itdiffer from the weather?11. What is a rain shadow?12. How does climate influence plantgrowth?13. What is the photic zone of theocean?

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7. Identify and define two processes by which water naturally changes from a solid or liquid to a gas.

Chemistry In Focus

7th Edition

ISBN:9781337399692

Author:Tro, Nivaldo J.

Publisher:Tro, Nivaldo J.

Chapter12: The Liquids And Solids Around Us: Especially Water

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 53E

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Question

7. Identify and define two processes
by which water naturally changes from
a solid or liquid to a gas.
8. Define exchange pool and reservoir,
and identify an example of each in the
water cycle.
9. State three ways that carbon
dioxide enters Earth's atmosphere.
10. What is climate? How does it
differ from the weather?
11. What is a rain shadow?
12. How does climate influence plant
growth?
13. What is the photic zone of the
ocean?

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Step 1: 7. Introduction to processes of water changing to a gas

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Step 2: Process of Sublimation

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Acetylene can be made by reacting calcium carbide with water. CaC2(s) + 2 H2O() C2H2(g) + Ca(OH)2(aq) Assume that you place 2.65 g CaC2 in excess water and collect the acetylene over water. The volume of the acetylene and water vapor is 795 mL at 25.0 C and a barometric pressure of 735.2 mmHg. Calculate the percent yield of acetylene. The vapor pressure of water at 25 C is 23.8 mmHg.
The mercury content of a stream was believed to be above the minimum considered safe —1 part per billion (ppb) by weight. An analysis indicated that the concentration was 0.68 parts per billion. What quantity of mercury in grams was present in 15.0 L of the water, the density of which is 0.998 g/ml? ( 1ppbHg=1ngHg1gwater)
Refer to Figure 11.12 to answer these questions: (a) You heat some water to 60 C in a lightweight plastic bottle and seal the top very tightly so gas cannot enter or leave the carton. What happens when the water cools? (b) If you put a few drops of liquid diethyl ether on your hand, does it evaporate completely or remain a liquid? Figure 11.12 Vapor pressure curves for diethyl ether [(C2H3)2O], ethanol (C2H5OH), and water. Each curve represents conditions of T and P of which the two phases, liquid and vapor, are in equilibrium. These compounds exist as liquids for temperatures and pressures to the left of the curve and as gases under conditions to the right of the curve. (See Appendix G for vapor pressures for water of various temperatures.)
Explain why a hydrogen bond between two water molecules is weaker than a hydrogen bond between two hydrogen fluoride molecules.

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