8. "Atom Smashers" better known as linear accelerators used chargedatoms and strong magnetic fields to accelerate the atoms to collide andform new atoms. The radioactive element Seaborgium discovered in1974 is one such atom made in a linear accelerator used only forscientific research. a) What is the equation that relates the remainingmass of a radioactive sample, the initial mass of the sample, and thenumber of half-lives that pass? b) Seaborgium-266 has a half-life of 30seconds. If there are initially 30 grams in a sample of seaborgium-266,how many grams will remain after 2.5 minutes have elapsed? Show yourwork and how the formula confirms your result.Your answer

Answered: 8. "Atom Smashers" better known as…

College Physics

1st Edition

ISBN:9781938168000

Author:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Publisher:Paul Peter Urone, Roger Hinrichs

Chapter33: Particle Physics

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 49PE: Integrated Concepts Suppose you are designing a proton decay experiment and you can detect 50...

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(a) Calculate the energy released in the a decay of 238U. (b) What fraction of the mass at a single 238U is destroyed in the decay? The mass of 234Th is 234.043593 u. (c) Although the fractional mass loss is laws for a single nucleus, it is difficult to observe for an entire macroscopic sample of uranium. Why is this?
The ceramic glaze on a red-orange “Fiestaware” plate is U2O3and contains 50.0 grams of 238U, but very little 235U. (a) What is the activity of the plate? (b) Calculate the total energy that will be released by the 238U decay, (c) If energy is worth 12.0 cents per kWh , what is the monetary value of the energy emitted? (These brightly- colored ceramic plates went out of production some 30 years ago, but are still available as collectibles.)
Enter the correct nuclide symbol in each open tan rectangle in Figure P43.25, which shows the sequences of decays in the natural radioactive series starting with the long-lived isotope uranium-235 and ending with the stable nucleus lead-207. Figure P43.25
(a) Write the decay equation for the decay of 235U. (b) What energy is released in this decay? The mass of the daughter nuclide is 231.036298 u. (c) Assuming the residual nucleus is formed in its ground state, how much energy goes to the particle?
Integrated Concepts Suppose you are designing a proton decay experiment and you can detect 50 percent of the proton decays in a tank of water. (a) How many kilograms of water would you need to see one decay per month, assuming a lifetime of 1031 y? (b) How many cubic meters of water is this? (c) If the actual lifetime is 1033 y, how long would you have to wait on an average to see a single proton decay?
Which methods of radiation protection were used in the device shown in the first photo in Figure 32.35? Which were used in the situation shown in the second photo? (a) (b) Figure 32.35 (a) This xray fluorescence machine is one of the thousands used in shoe stores to produce images offset as a check on the fit of shoes. They are unshielded and remain on as long as the test are in them, producing doses much greater titan medical images. Children were fascinated with them. These machines were used in shoe stores until laws preventing such unwarranted radiation exposure were enacted in the 1950s (credit: Andrew Kuchling ) (b) New that we know the effects of exposure to radioactive material, eatery is a priority. (credit: U.S. Navy)
What is the source of the energy emitted in radioactive decay? Identify an earlier conservation law, and describe how it was modi?ed to take such processes into account.
(a) Neutron activation of sodium, which is 100% 23Na, produces 24Na, which is used in some heart scans, as seen in Table 32.1. The equation for the reaction is 23Na+n24Na+ . Find its energy output, given the mass of 24Na is 23.990962 u. (b) What mass at 24Na produces the needed 5.0mCi activity, given its halflife is 15.0 h?

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