8. Consider the effect of using slow start on a line with a 10-msec round-trip time and no congestion. The receive window is 24 KB and the maximum segment size is 2 KB. How long does it take before the first full window can be sent? What is the final result? Provide proof: Solution|
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- Consider the following network with given line speeds and lengths: Assume the speed of light is 2×10^8 m/s, and that the processing and queuing delays are negligible. Node A sends a 1400-byte frame to node C through node B. Suppose Node A starts sending the first bit of the frame at t=0. Answer the following questions: a. At what time (t=?) node B receives the frame in full (i.e. the last bit)? b. After node B receives the frame in full, then it will start sending the frame to node C. Determine the time (t=?) when node C receives the frame in full. c. Suppose at this time node C sends a small acknowledgment back to node A. The transmission time for the acknowledgment is negligible. Calculate at what times (t=?) the acknowledgment arrives at nodes B and A. d. Assume after sending its frame, node A wait for the acknowledgment back from node C before sending the next frame. What is the average throughput (number of transmitted bits per second) of the data flow from node A to…given the maximal number of the binary sequence max seq (e.g., max seq=7 for three bits), what are the expression (in term of max seq) of the maximal sizes of sending window for go-back-n and selected-repeat protocols? you need to demonstrate the counter-examples on why window sizes larger than the maximum can fail. repeat the same question for the receiving window sizesSuppose a new CSMA/CD protocol is designed for a 100 Mbps bus network with topology similar to 10Base2. The minimum frame length is 40 bytes. What is the maximum length of the longest cable connecting two nodes so that the collision detection mechanism still works? Write symbolic equations (e.g. using d=distance, R=data rate, etc.) and derive the solution. Explain with words what is going on.
- 4.) Suppose that a sender and a receiver are using ARQ to perform reliable data delivery. If we have to send 12 packet and window size of 4 , if every 5 th packet is being transmitted is lost, then how many retransmissions and total number of transmissions are required? (7) a. GoBack-N b. Selective RepeatComputer Science Assume the length of each message is L=5, the access link has a speed of X=180 Mbps, and there are B=6 messages per second on average. What is the total average delay for receiving a message when no cache is used, i.e., the sum of LAN delay, access delay, and internet delay? Give your answer in milliseconds.Consider a full-duplex 256 Kbps satellite link with a 240 millisecond end-to-end delay. The data frames carry a useful payload of size 12,000 bits. Assume that both ACK and data frames have 320 bits of header information, and that ACK frames carry no data. What is the effective data throughput When using sliding windows with a sender window size of W = 5 data frames?
- Given the maximal number of the binary sequence MAX SEQ (e.g., MAX SEQ=7 for three bits), what are the expression (in term of MAX SEQ ONLY) of the maximal sizes of sending window for Go-back-N and Selected-Repeat Protocols? You need to demonstrate the counter-examples on why window sizes larger than the maximum can fail.Computer A uses the Go-back-N ARQ protocol to send a 110 Mbytes file to computer B with a window size of 15. Given each frame carries 100K bytes data. How long does it take to send the whole file (the total time taken from A sending the first bit of the file until A receiving the last acknowledgment)? Given that the transmission rate of the link is 500 Mbps and the propagation time between A and B is 15ms. Assume no data or control frame is lost or damaged and ignore the overhead due to header and trailer.One of the problems with timeout-triggered retransmissions is that the timeout period can be relative long. When a segment is lost, this long timeout period forces the sender to delay resending the lost packet, thereby increasing the end-to-end delay. Is there any remedy for this?
- Assume that a client can use UDP to obtain a file from a distant server at a known address. The client initiates the request for a file name, and the server responds with a sequence of data packets containing various file components. To ensure delivery reliability, the client and server use a stop-and-wait protocol. Is there anything else wrong with this protocol aside apparent performance issues? Consider the possibility of process failure.Computer Science With the CBC/OFB/CFB/CTR mode: (a) if there is a single bit transmission error in block C3 of the ciphertext, which plaintext blocks are affected? CBC and CTR (b) Suppose that there is a bit error in the source version of P1. Through how many ciphertext blocks is this error propagated? What is the effect at the receiver?One of the problems with timeout-triggered retransmissions is that the time-out period can be relatively long. When a segment is lost, this long timeout period forces the sender to delay resending the lost packet, thereby increasing the end-to-end delay. Is there any remedy for this?