Answered: 8. What is the pH of a buffer solution…

8. What is the pH of a buffer solution made with 0.53M benzoic acid with Ka = 6.5 x 105 and 0.478M sodium benzoate? 9. What is the [H*] for the buffer solution made in #8?

Fundamentals Of Analytical Chemistry

9th Edition

ISBN:9781285640686

Author:Skoog

Publisher:Skoog

Chapter15: Complex Acid/base Systems

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 15.21QAP

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Concept explainers

Acid Base Titration

An acid-base titration is the method of quantitative analysis for determining the concentration of an acid and base by exactly neutralizing it with a standard solution of base or acid having known concentration.

Question

8. What is the pH of a buffer solution made with 0.53M benzoic acid with Ka = 6.5 x 105 and 0.478M sodium
benzoate?
9. What is the [H] for the buffer solution made in #8?

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An important component of blood is the buffer combination of bicarbonate ion and carbonic acid. Consider blood with a pH of 7.42. a What is the ratio of [H2CO3] to [HCO3]? b What does the pH become if 15% of the bicarbonate ions are converted to carbonic acid? c What does the pH become if 25% of the carbonic acid molecules are converted to bicarbonate ions?
You want to make a buffer with a pH of 10.00 from NH4+/NH3. (a) What must the [ NH4+ ]/[ NH3 ]ratio be? (b) How many moles of NH4Cl must be added to 465 mL of an aqueous solution of 1.24 M NH3 to give this pH? (c) How many milliliters of 0.236 M NH3 must be added to 2.08 g of NH4Cl to give this pH? (d) What volume of 0.499 M NH3 must be added to 395 mL, of 0.109 M NH4Cl to give this pH?
Enough water is added to the buffer in Question 29 to make the total volume 10.0 L. Calculate (a) the pH of the buffer. (b) the pH of the buffer after the addition of 0.0500 mol of HCl to 0.600 L of diluted buffer. (c) the pH of the buffer after the addition of 0.0500 mol of NaOH to 0.600 L of diluted buffer. (d) Compare your answers to Question 29(a)-(c) with your answers to (a)-(c) in this problem. (e) Comment on the effect of dilution on the pH of a buffer and on its buffer capacity.
A student dissolves 0.0100 mole of an unknown weak base in 100.0 mL water and titrates the solution with 0.100 M HNO3. After 40.0 mL of 0.100 M HNO3 was added, the pH of the resulting solution was 8.00. Calculate the Kb value for the weak base.
A friend asks the following: Consider a buffered solution made up of the weak acid HA and its salt NaA. If a strong base like NaOH is added, the HA reacts with the OH to form A. Thus the amount of acid (HA) is decreased, and the amount of base (A) is increased. Analogously, adding HCI to the buffered solution forms more of the acid (HA) by reacting with the base (A). Thus how can we claim that a buffered solution resists changes in the pH of the solution? How would you explain buffering to this friend?
What is an acidbase indicator? Define the equivalence (stoichiometric) point and the end point of a titration. Why should you choose an indicator so that the two points coincide? Do the pH values of the two points have to be within 0.01 pH unit of each other? Explain.
3. What is the pH of a solution that contains 20 grams of sodium hydroxide (NaOH) dissolved in 5.5 liters of solution? 4. What is the pH of a buffer solution that is 0.25 M in HF and 0.10 M in NaF? (Ka for HF is 6.8 x 10-4)
4. What is the pH of a buffer made from 0.42 M H3BO3 and 0.22 M H2BO3-, if the Ka for H3BO3 is 7.3 x 10-10 ? (use 2 decimal places for pH)
4. Formic acid, HFor, has a K value of 1.8 x 104. You need to prepare 125 mL of a buffer hav- ing a pH of 3.25 from 0.10 M HFO solution and a 0.10 M NaFor solution. How many mL of NaFor and HFO should be mixed to make the desired buffer? mL NaFor mL HFO
7. A solution was made by mixing 50.0 mL of 0.750 M HCN with 25.0 mL of water. What is the pH of this solution? The pka of HCN = 9.31. 8. One of the compounds featured on the TV series "Breaking Bad" was hydrofluoric acid (HF), pKa = 3.14. a) A solution of HF has a pH = 1.77. What was the initial [HF] for this solution in mol L-1? b) What is the equilibrium concentration of F in this solution in mol L-1? c) What is the percent ionization of HF in this solution?
7. Which of the following conjugate acid-base pair would you choose to prepare a buffer solution that has a pH of 4.20? A. HSO4/SO42- (Ka = 1.2x10-2) B. HCIO and CIO- (Ka = 3.5 x 10-8) C. HPO42 and PO4-3 (Ka = 3.6 x 10-13) D. C6H5COOH and C6H5COO- (Ka = 6.3 x 10-5) E. None of the choices
4. Human blood is slightly basic in nature with a normal pH range of 7.35-7.45. The blood pH is maintained by the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer system, shown by the following equilibrium reaction. H2CO3 + H2O H,O* + HCO3 a) If you add a small amount of an acid to this buffer, then which component of the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer will react with the added acid? Explain.

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