Answered: 8. Which of the following is NOT an…

8. Which of the following is NOT an example of an epigenetic mechanism? A) DNA methylation B) nonsense mutation C) histone modifications D) chromatin remodeling

Human Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)

11th Edition

ISBN:9780134580999

Author:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Publisher:Elaine N. Marieb, Katja N. Hoehn

Chapter1: The Human Body: An Orientation

Section: Chapter Questions

Problem 1RQ: The correct sequence of levels forming the structural hierarchy is A. (a) organ, organ system,...

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Question

8&9

(uULL) gune alnu the permease (lacY) gene, which of the follow:
you expect?
A) The three genes of the lac operon will be expressed normally.
B) The repressor will not be able to bind to the operon.
C) The operon will still transcribe the lacZ and lacY genes, but the mRNA -
(DYLacZ will not be transcribed and Beta galactosidase will not be produced
8. Which of the following is NOT an example of an epigenetic mechanism?
A) DNA methylation
B) nonsense mutation
C) histone modifications
D) chromatin remodeling
9. If the DNA of a mammalian promoter region has increased methylation of
the following is most likely to occur?
A) more open and accessible chromatin in the region
B) the nucleosomes in the region will be removed
C) higher levels of transcription of the gene it controls
D) the gene will be silenced (turned off)
10. In eukaryotes, the level of chromatin organization (how nucleosomes are F

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If glucose levels in the cell are high and lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon?
If glucose is not available, but lactose is available from the environment, what is the status of transcription of the lac operon genes? Explain your answer from both an evolutionary perspective and in terms of negative and positive regulation of the operon?
Given the Table below concerning the lac operon, match the letter with what would be occurring for each scenario. Repressor is bound to the operator, cAMP complex is bound and transcription is prevented. Allolactose is bound to the repressor, cAMP complex is bound, and transcription is prevalent. Allolactose is bound to the repressor, cAMP complex is not assembled, and transcription is slow Repressor is bound to the operator, cAMP complex is not assembled, and transcription is prevented.
Let’s suppose you have isolated a mutant strain of E. coli in which the lac operon is constitutively expressed. In other words, the operon is turned on in the presence or absence of lactose. One possibility is that the mutation mayblock the transcription of the lacI gene, thereby preventing the synthesis of lac repressor. A second possibility is that the mutation could alter the sequence of the lac operator in a way that prevents lac repressor from binding to the operator. How would you distinguish between these two possibilities?
What would happen if the operator sequence of the lac operon contained a mutation that prevented the repressor protein from binding the operator? (Explain what would happen both in the presence and absence of lactose)
Let’s suppose you have isolated a mutant strain of E. coli in which the lac operon is constitutively expressed. In other words, the operon is turned on in the presence or absence of lactose. One possibility is that the mutation may block the transcription of the lacI gene, thereby preventing the synthesis of lac repressor. A second possibility is that the mutation could alter the sequence of the lac operon in a way that prevents the repressor protein from binding to the operator. How would you distinguish between these two possibilities?
A mutation occurs in the 5′ UTR of the trp operon that reduces the ability of region 2 to pair with region 3. What will the effect of this mutation be when the tryptophan level is high? When the tryptophan level is low?
If an abnormal repressor protein could still bind allolactose but the binding of allolactose did not alter the conformation of the repressor protein, how would the expression of the lac operon be affected?
In the lac operon system, do the inducers act at the transcription or translation level? Explain why it acts in that level in a short but concise way.
In terms of the trp operon, differentiate between two normal bacterial cultures, one grown in a medium supplied with tryptophan and the other medium without tryptophan.
The lac operon produces enzymes that allow the bacteria E. coli to metabolize lactose, it is in an inducable operon. When lactose is present, will the repressor protein attach or leave the operon? How would this effect the production of lactose producing enzymes?
If β-galactosidase is expressed when lactose is absent, what does this suggest about the lac operon? a) There is a mutation in the repressor protein b) There is a mutation in the catabolite activator protein c) There is a mutation in the promoter region d) There is a mutation in the luxI protein